187 research outputs found
Skin lesion detection and classification using convolutional neural network for deep feature extraction and support vector machine
Pigmented skin lesion identification is essential for detecting harmful pathologies related to this large organ, especially cancer. An analysis of the different methods and projects developed to diagnose these illnesses throughout the years showed that they had become very useful tools to identify melanoma, dermatofibroma, and basal cell carcinoma, among other types of cancer, are seen through the use of new computer-aided technologies. The most common diagnosis is based on dermoscopy and the dermatologist expertise that can improve accuracy with image detection techniques and classification by computer. Therefore, this study aims to develop software models able to detect and classify skin cancer. The following work is based on the use of dermoscopy images obtained from the HAM10000 dataset, a database with 10000 images previously tested and validated for research use. The main process is divided into three relevant parts: image segmentation, feature extraction (FE) using ten different pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to establish a classification model. According to the results, the models of classification performed very well using the image segmentation step, showing average accuracies between 80.67% (Xception) and 90% (Alexnet). In contrast to the process without using image segmentation, where no method reached 60%. AlexNet plus SVM model showed the minor running time and presented the higher accuracy rate (90.34%) for the correct identification and classification of the seven categories of cutaneous lesions taken into account
Section Extension from Hyperbolic Geometry of Punctured Disk and Holomorphic Family of Flat Bundles
The construction of sections of bundles with prescribed jet values plays a
fundamental role in problems of algebraic and complex geometry. When the jet
values are prescribed on a positive dimensional subvariety, it is handled by
theorems of Ohsawa-Takegoshi type which give extension of line bundle valued
square-integrable top-degree holomorphic forms from the fiber at the origin of
a family of complex manifolds over the open unit 1-disk when the curvature of
the metric of line bundle is semipositive. We prove here an extension result
when the curvature of the line bundle is only semipositive on each fiber with
negativity on the total space assumed bounded from below and the connection of
the metric locally bounded, if a square-integrable extension is known to be
possible over a double point at the origin. It is a Hensel-lemma-type result
analogous to Artin's application of the generalized implicit function theorem
to the theory of obstruction in deformation theory. The motivation is the need
in the abundance conjecture to construct pluricanonical sections from flatly
twisted pluricanonical sections. We also give here a new approach to the
original theorem of Ohsawa-Takegoshi by using the hyperbolic geometry of the
punctured open unit 1-disk to reduce the original theorem of Ohsawa-Takegoshi
to a simple application of the standard method of constructing holomorphic
functions by solving the d-bar equation with cut-off functions and additional
blowup weight functions
Counting points on hyperelliptic curves over finite fields
International audienceWe describe some algorithms for computing the cardinality of hyperelliptic curves and their Jacobians over finite fields. They include several methods for obtaining the result modulo small primes and prime powers, in particular an algorithm à la Schoof for genus 2 using Cantor's division polynomials. These are combined with a birthday paradox algorithm to calculate the cardinality. Our methods are practical and we give actual results computed using our current implementation. The Jacobian groups we handle are larger than those previously reported in the literature
A quantitative risk assessment of waterborne infectious disease in the inundation area of a tropical monsoon region
Flooding and inundation are annual events that occur during the rainy season in Cambodia, and inundation has a strong relationship with human health. This study simulated the coliform bacteria distribution using a hydraulic model and estimated the impact of inundation on public health using a dose–response model. The model parameters were calibrated using field survey data from Cambodia and obtained good agreement with the coliform group count distribution. The results suggest that the impact of inundation on human health is most noticeable in residential areas. The annual average risk of infection during medium-sized flood events is 0.21. The risk due to groundwater use ranges from 0.12 to 0.17 in inundation areas and reaches as high as 0.23 outside the inundation areas. The risk attributed to groundwater use is therefore higher than that for surface water use (0.02–0.06), except in densely populated areas at the city center. There is a high risk for infection with waterborne disease in residential areas, and the annual average risk during small flood events is 0.94. An assessment of possible countermeasures to reduce the risk shows that the control of inundation may bring more risk to public health in Cambodia. Shallower inundation water (<0.3 m) leads to a higher risk of infection, but if the depth is greater than 2 m, the risk is low in residential areas.The simulated results explain the spatial distributions of infection risk, which are vitally important for determining the highest priority places with relatively high risk and will be helpful for decision makers when considering the implementation of countermeasures
Quantum numbers of the state and orbital angular momentum in its decay
Angular correlations in decays, with , and , are used to measure
orbital angular momentum contributions and to determine the value of
the meson. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.0
fb of proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector. This
determination, for the first time performed without assuming a value for the
orbital angular momentum, confirms the quantum numbers to be .
The is found to decay predominantly through S wave and an upper limit
of at C.L. is set on the fraction of D wave.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Riding on the Coat-Tails of Traditional Cultural Expressions
Matters related to the protection of traditional cultural expressions (‘TCEs’) or expressions of folklore (‘EoFs’) are sensitive and intricate as a blend of legal, economic, philosophical and anthropological considerations jostle to capture their core features. This results in disparate views surrounding what should qualify as TCEs or EoFs, who should be considered their ‘owner’ (assuming that ownership per se is conceptually compatible with these items), which is the most appropriate legal protection regime and how broad their scope of protection should be. Drawing from these various accounts on TCEs, this article focuses on the interaction between TCEs and EoFs originating on the European continent and the European Union (‘EU’) trade mark legislation. Specifically, this article examines whether the limitations of the effects of trade mark rights and of the absolute grounds of refusal, as developed by the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, are effective in preserving the cohesion of TCEs. This article advances the thesis that registration of TCEs and EoFs as trade marks generates an imbalance between the rights of the trade mark owner and the defences available to others under the EU trade mark law framework. Furthermore, such an imbalance is likely to hinder the unfettered circulation of TCEs and undermine their original meaning. Lastly, in some cases, trade mark registration of TCEs contributes to their appropriation and misappropriation. The article concludes that, de lege ferenda, the direct exclusion of TCEs as eligible subject matter for trade mark registration is preferable to seeking a post factum remedy
The first all-sky view of the Milky Way stellar halo with Gaia+2MASS RR Lyrae
We exploit the first \gaia data release to study the properties of the
Galactic stellar halo as traced by RR Lyrae. We demonstrate that it is possible
to select a pure sample of RR Lyrae using only photometric information
available in the Gaia+2MASS catalogue. The final sample contains about 21600 RR
Lyrae covering an unprecedented fraction () of the volume of the
Galactic inner halo ( kpc). We study the morphology of the stellar
halo by analysing the RR Lyrae distribution with parametric and non-parametric
techniques. Taking advantage of the uniform all-sky coverage, we test halo
models more sophisticated than usually considered in the literature, such as
those with varying flattening, tilt and/or offset of the halo with respect to
the Galactic disc. A consistent picture emerges: the inner halo is well
reproduced by a smooth distribution of stars settled on triaxial ellipsoids.
The minor axis is perpendicular to the Milky Ways disc, while the major axis is
misaligned by from the Galactic Y axis. The elongation along
the major axis is mild (), and the vertical flattening is shown
to evolve from a squashed state with in the centre to a
more spherical at the outer edge of our dataset. The
density slope is well approximated by a single power-law with exponent
. Within the range probed, we see no significant evidence for a
change of the radial density slope, out of the plane tilt or an offset of the
halo with respect to the Galaxy's centre.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
Whole genome analysis of a schistosomiasis-transmitting freshwater snail
Biomphalaria snails are instrumental in transmission of the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. With the World Health Organization's goal to eliminate schistosomiasis as a global health problem by 2025, there is now renewed emphasis on snail control. Here, we characterize the genome of Biomphalaria glabrata, a lophotrochozoan protostome, and provide timely and important information on snail biology. We describe aspects of phero-perception, stress responses, immune function and regulation of gene expression that support the persistence of B. glabrata in the field and may define this species as a suitable snail host for S. mansoni. We identify several potential targets for developing novel control measures aimed at reducing snail-mediated transmission of schistosomiasis
Measurement of the branching fraction and angular amplitudes
A search for the decay with is performed with 0.37 fb of collisions at
= 7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment, finding a \Bs \to J\psi
K^-\pi^+ peak of signal events. The mass spectrum of
the candidates in the peak is dominated by the contribution.
Subtracting the non-resonant component, the branching fraction of
\BsJpsiKst is , where the first
uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. A fit to the angular
distribution of the decay products yields the \Kst polarization fractions and
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