„Dat Judennest hebbt wi utrökert.“ Vom gewaltsamen Ende des Auswanderer-Lehrguts Jägerslust bei Flensburg

In der Reichspogromnacht vom 9. No­vember 1938 wurden 1.400 Synagogen und Beträume, Tausende Wohnun­gen und Geschäfte von Jüdinnen und Juden zerstört und geplündert; mehr mehr als 30.000 Männer in Konzentrationslager verschleppt, un­gefähr hundert wurden ermordet. Dieser vielfach als "Reichskristallnacht" bezeichnete Pogrom, die "Kata­strophe vor der Katastrophe" (Dan Diner), war der Startschuss für die Verdrängung der Juden aus der Wirtschaft und die Arisierung jüdi­schen Eigentums. Er stellte eine Brutalisierung im Umgang mit der jüdischen Bevölkerung dar und war zugleich ein Schritt in Richtung Schoah. Die 75-jährige Wiederkehr der Reichspogromnacht vom 9. auf den 10. No­vember 1938 war für das Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein Anlass, dieses Er­eignis im Kontext der jüdischen und der Landes- sowie der nationalsozialis­tischen Gewaltgeschichte erstmals in einer eigenen Ausstellung mit dem Schwerpunkt auf dem Norden Deutschlands zu präsentieren. Die Ausstellung entstand in enger Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Flensburg und der Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Schleswig-Hol­stein. In Schleswig wurde sie von einer Vortragsreihe begleitet, deren Bei­träge, ergänzt durch weitere Aufsätze, in diesem Band dokumentiert sind. Abbildungen aus der Ausstellung illustrieren die Texte.During the Reichspogromnacht between November 9th and 10th, 1938, in Germany and Austria 1400 synagogues and other Jewish institutions as well as thousands of Jewish homes and shops were destroyed. More than 30.000 men were deported, and at least 100 killed. This pogrom, frequently referred to as „Reichskristallnacht“, marked the beginning of political and economic persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany, and an increasingly brutal treatment of the Jewish minority, thus paving the way for the Holocaust. With regards to the 75th annual recurrence of the Reichspogromnacht, the Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein in 2013 presented an exhibition centered around the events of that night in Northern Germany. This exhibition was prepared in close cooperation with the University of Flensburg and the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Schleswig-Holstein. It was accompanied by a series of lectures that are included in this book as well as some of the illustrations displayed

精神看護実習における構造判別図作成に対する学生の評価

本研究では，精神看護実習で用いた「構造判別図自己評価表」および「実習自己評価表」について，統計的に記述し，実習指導における示唆を得ることを目的とした．記述統計量を検討した結果，学生は構造判別図を用いることにより，対象者の【過去】【現在】の状態理解と対象者の問題・強みの【把握】が進み，根拠を捉えた【思考】能力を実感し，看護現象診断の候補の【立案】へつなげていることが考えられた．また実習の自己評価【自評】と中程度の相関が認められた2 項目（【未来】【投影】）において，学生の自己評価が低かったことから，【未来】の情報の展開を強化すること，対象者に対する自分自身のありようをうまく【投影】できるように，指導者を交えて探求し，自己理解を促すことという精神看護実習指導上の課題が示唆された

On the Phase Structure of QCD in a Finite Volume

The chiral phase transition in QCD at finite chemical potential and temperature can be characterized for small chemical potential by its curvature and the transition temperature. The curvature is accessible to QCD lattice simulations, which are always performed at finite pion masses and in finite simulation volumes. We investigate the effect of a finite volume on the curvature of the chiral phase transition line. We use functional renormalization group methods with a two flavor quark-meson model to obtain the effective action in a finite volume, including both quark and meson fluctuation effects. Depending on the chosen boundary conditions and the pion mass, we find pronounced finite-volume effects. For periodic quark boundary conditions in spatial directions, we observe a decrease in the curvature in intermediate volume sizes, which we interpret in terms of finite-volume quark effects. Our results have implications for the phase structure of QCD in a finite volume, where the location of a possible critical endpoint might be shifted compared to the infinite-volume case.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables; minor text corrections, one figure added, appendix added, references added, matches PLB versio

The phase structure of the Polyakov--quark-meson model beyond mean field

The Polyakov-extended quark-meson model (PQM) is investigated beyond mean-field. This represents an important step towards a fully dynamical QCD computation. Both the quantum fluctuations to the matter sector and the back-reaction of the matter fluctuations to the QCD Yang-Mills sector are included. Results on the chiral and confinement-deconfinement crossover/phase transition lines and the location of a possible critical endpoint are presented. Moreover, thermodynamic quantities such as the pressure and the quark density are discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure

Identification of regulatory variants associated with genetic susceptibility to meningococcal disease.

Non-coding genetic variants play an important role in driving susceptibility to complex diseases but their characterization remains challenging. Here, we employed a novel approach to interrogate the genetic risk of such polymorphisms in a more systematic way by targeting specific regulatory regions relevant for the phenotype studied. We applied this method to meningococcal disease susceptibility, using the DNA binding pattern of RELA - a NF-kB subunit, master regulator of the response to infection - under bacterial stimuli in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. We designed a custom panel to cover these RELA binding sites and used it for targeted sequencing in cases and controls. Variant calling and association analysis were performed followed by validation of candidate polymorphisms by genotyping in three independent cohorts. We identified two new polymorphisms, rs4823231 and rs11913168, showing signs of association with meningococcal disease susceptibility. In addition, using our genomic data as well as publicly available resources, we found evidences for these SNPs to have potential regulatory effects on ATXN10 and LIF genes respectively. The variants and related candidate genes are relevant for infectious diseases and may have important contribution for meningococcal disease pathology. Finally, we described a novel genetic association approach that could be applied to other phenotypes

ADHD as a serious risk factor for early smoking and nicotine dependence in adulthood

Objective: Tobacco smoking and ADHD frequently co-occur. So far, the bulk of research on the ADHD-smoking comorbidity has been done in children with ADHD and nonclinical adult samples. To assess smoking habits in adults with ADHD, the authors used the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Method: In 60 adult outpatients, with an ADHD diagnosis according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria and 60 age- and gender-matched controls, smoking habits were assessed with the FTND. Results: The authors replicated earlier findings in children confirming a higher rate of smokers in the ADHD group. The adult smokers with ADHD suffered from more severe nicotine dependence and smoked significantly more often when being sick. Females with ADHD smoked significantly more often and started smoking at an earlier age. Conclusion: Applying the FTND, the authors confirmed a high rate of highly dependent smokers among adult ADHD patients. The authors’ findings point to a higher vulnerability for the development of nicotine dependence in women with ADHD

Hyperactivity/restlessness is associated with increased functional connectivity in adults with ADHD: a dimensional analysis of resting state fMRI

Abstract Background Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a serious and frequent psychiatric disorder of multifactorial pathogenesis. Several lines of evidence support the idea that ADHD is, in its core, a disorder of dysfunctional brain connectivity within and between several neurofunctional networks. The primary aim of this study was to investigate associations between the functional connectivity within resting state brain networks and the individual severity of core ADHD symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity). Methods Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of 38 methylphenidate-naïve adults with childhood-onset ADHD (20 women, mean age 40.5 years) were analyzed using independent component analysis (FSL’s MELODIC) and FSL’s dual regression technique. For motion correction, standard volume-realignment followed by independent component analysis-based automatic removal of motion artifacts (FSL’s ICA-AROMA) were employed. To identify well-established brain networks, the independent components found in the ADHD group were correlated with brain networks previously found in healthy participants (Smith et al. PNAS 2009;106:13040–5). To investigate associations between functional connectivity and individual symptom severity, sex, and age, linear regressions were performed. Results Decomposition of resting state brain activity of adults with ADHD resulted in similar resting state networks as previously described for healthy adults. No significant differences in functional connectivity were seen between women and men. Advanced age was associated with decreased functional connectivity in parts of the bilateral cingulate and paracingulate cortex within the executive control network. More severe hyperactivity was associated with increased functional connectivity in the left putamen, right caudate nucleus, right central operculum and a portion of the right postcentral gyrus within the auditory/sensorimotor network. Conclusions The present study supports and extends our knowledge on the involvement of the striatum in the pathophysiology of ADHD, in particular, in the pathogenesis of hyperactivity. Our results emphasize the usefulness of dimensional analyses in the study of ADHD, a highly heterogeneous disorder. Trial registration ISRCTN12722296 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12722296)