Educação para a morte: Imaginários sociais do professor e aluno universitário. : Um estudo biográfico narrativo

Death is a topic that in most of the surroundings it is preferred not to deal with and within the academic curricula of health students its presence is almost nil.  The present is a qualitative study that shows the feelings of students and teachers on this stigmatized subject and taken almost to a taboo, as well as the expression of a need for normalization of program content and the importance of its inclusion in the training of students in the area of health, especially in medicine programs. Through a narrative biographical approach, social imaginaries about the pedagogy of death are compiled, described and analyzed, in a study carried out at a university in the southern Colombian region, with students and teachers from the Faculty of Health Sciences.  A non-probabilistic demonstration was carried out and the information was obtained through autobiographical interviews, coded by the Atlas Ti 9 program. In the analysis of the interviews, it was reflected in both teachers and students, the need for an implementation of a standardized education on death and the generation of specific chairs and didactic strategies that allow paradigm changes and a better understanding of this topic both for institutions of basic education, as well as for higher education in the area of ​​health.La muerte es un tema que se prefiere no tratar en la mayoría de los escenarios y dentro de los currículos académicos de estudiantes de la salud su presencia es casi nula. El presente es un estudio cualitativo que muestra el sentir de estudiantes y docentes sobre esta temática estigmatizada y elevada casi al grado de un tabú. Así mismo, expresa la necesidad de normalización de contenidos programáticos y la importancia de su inclusión en la formación de estudiantes del área de la salud, especialmente en los programas de medicina. Se trata de un estudio biográfico narrativo el cual se llevó a cabo en una universidad de la región sur de Colombia con estudiantes y docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se realizaron entrevistas donde se indagó sobre los imaginarios sociales, buscando comprender el significado de la muerte desde las experiencias vitales y estas fueron codificadas por el programa Atlas Ti 9. Se observó reflejado en docentes y estudiantes la necesidad de una implementación de una educación normatizada sobre la muerte, la generación de cátedras específicas y estrategias didácticas que permitan generar cambios respecto de los paradigmas que existen, logrando así una mejor comprensión de este tópico para instituciones de educación básica y superior en el área de la saludA morte é um assunto que prefere não ser tratado na maioria das áreas e dentro dos currículos acadêmicos dos estudantes da área da saúde sua presença é quase nula. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que mostra os sentimentos de alunos e professores sobre esse tema estigmatizado e quase tabu, bem como a expressão de uma necessidade de normalização do conteúdo programático e a importância de sua inclusão na formação de estudantes da área da saúde, especialmente em programas de medicina. Por meio de uma abordagem narrativa biográfica, são compilados, descritos e analisados ​​imaginários sociais sobre a pedagogia da morte, em um estudo realizado em uma universidade da região Surcolombiana, com alunos e professores da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde. Foi realizada uma amostragem não probabilística e as informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas autobiográficas, codificadas pelo programa Atlas Ti 9. Na análise das entrevistas, professores e alunos refletiram a necessidade de implementação de uma educação padronizada sobre a morte e a geração de cadeiras específicas e estratégias de ensino que possibilitem mudanças de paradigma e uma melhor compreensão desse tema tanto para instituições de educação básica quanto para ensino superior na área da saúde

Frequent and simultaneous epigenetic inactivation of TP53 pathway genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Aberrant DNA methylation is one of the most frequent alterations in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Using methylation bead arrays we analyzed the methylation status of 807 genes implicated in cancer in a group of ALL samples at diagnosis (n = 48). We found that 154 genes were methylated in more than 10% of ALL samples. Interestingly, the expression of 13 genes implicated in the TP53 pathway was downregulated by hypermethylation. Direct or indirect activation of TP53 pathway with 5-aza-29-deoxycitidine, Curcumin or Nutlin-3 induced an increase in apoptosis of ALL cells. The results obtained with the initial group of 48 patients was validated retrospectively in a second cohort of 200 newly diagnosed ALL patients. Methylation of at least 1 of the 13 genes implicated in the TP53 pathway was observed in 78% of the patients, which significantly correlated with a higher relapse (p = 0.001) and mortality (p,0.001) rate being an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.006) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.005) in the multivariate analysis. All these findings indicate that TP53 pathway is altered by epigenetic mechanisms in the majority of ALL patients and correlates with prognosis. Treatments with compounds that may reverse the epigenetic abnormalities or activate directly the p53 pathway represent a new therapeutic alternative for patients with ALL

Does Regional Development Influence Sedimentary Blue Carbon Stocks? A Case Study From Three Australian Estuaries

Mitigating climate change through the reduction of atmospheric CO2 levels is of interest, particularly through maintaining and re-establishing natural ecosystems that act as carbon sinks, such as coastal vegetated habitats or “blue carbon” systems. Here we compare sedimentary blue carbon (C) stocks from 37 sediment cores collected in pristine (n = 13), agricultural (n = 11), and urban (n = 13) estuaries within the same geomorphological region, located on the eastern coast of Australia. The mean estimated C stocks for each carbon system (seagrass, mangrove, and saltmarshes) were 402 ± 78, 830 ± 109, and 723 ± 100 Mg C ha-1, respectively, conservatively estimated up to 3 m depths. Analysis of variance revealed no significant difference between C stocks per area (C ha-1) considering each habitat type and between specific estuaries. However, the total estuarine C stocks were found to be greater with increasing levels of conservation, based on larger areas of blue carbon vegetation. The potential loss of C to the atmosphere from these small regional estuaries are 500,574 ± 118,635 tons of CO2 equivalent (CO2e), based on specific assumptions. The implication of these results are that there are large C stocks in small regional estuaries which supports the protection of blue C systems in developing coastal areas and highlights the uncertainties of the CO2 emissions from potential blue C habitat degradation

Do Clinical Trials Meet Current Care Needs? Views of Digestive Oncology Specialists in Galicia (Spain) Using the Delphi Method

Background: In recent years, abundant scientific evidence has been generated based on clinical trials (CT) in the field of oncology. The general objective of this paper is to find out the extent to which decision making is based on knowledge of the most recent CT. Its specific objectives are to pinpoint difficulties with decision making based on the CT performed and find out the motivations patients and clinicians have when taking part in a CT. Methodology: Combined, prospective study, based on the Delphi method. A lack of correspondence between the people who take part in CT and patients who come for consultation has been identified. A need for training in analysing and interpreting CT has also been identified and a lack of trust in the results of CT financed by the pharmaceutical industry itself has been perceived. Conclusions: There is a difficulty in selecting oncological treatment due to the lack of correspondence between the patients included in the CT and patients seen in consultation. In this process, real world data studies may be highly useful, as they may provide this group with greater training in interpreting CT and their results.S

Measurement of the Bs0→J/ψKS0B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0 branching fraction

The $B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ branching fraction is measured in a data sample corresponding to 0.41$fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions affecting the sin2$\beta$ measurement from $B^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ The time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be $BF(B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0)=(1.83\pm0.28)\times10^{-5}$. This is the most precise measurement to date

Measurement of the CP-violating phase \phi s in Bs->J/\psi\pi+\pi- decays

Measurement of the mixing-induced CP-violating phase phi_s in Bs decays is of prime importance in probing new physics. Here 7421 +/- 105 signal events from the dominantly CP-odd final state J/\psi pi+ pi- are selected in 1/fb of pp collision data collected at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the LHCb detector. A time-dependent fit to the data yields a value of phi_s=-0.019^{+0.173+0.004}_{-0.174-0.003} rad, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. No evidence of direct CP violation is found.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; minor revisions on May 23, 201

Differential branching fraction and angular analysis of the decay B0→K∗0μ+μ−

The angular distribution and differential branching fraction of the decay B 0→ K ∗0 μ + μ − are studied using a data sample, collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1. Several angular observables are measured in bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared, q 2. A first measurement of the zero-crossing point of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system is also presented. The zero-crossing point is measured to be q20=4.9±0.9GeV2/c4 , where the uncertainty is the sum of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions

Opposite-side flavour tagging of B mesons at the LHCb experiment

The calibration and performance of the oppositeside flavour tagging algorithms used for the measurements of time-dependent asymmetries at the LHCb experiment are described. The algorithms have been developed using simulated events and optimized and calibrated with B + →J/ψK +, B0 →J/ψK ∗0 and B0 →D ∗− μ + νμ decay modes with 0.37 fb−1 of data collected in pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV during the 2011 physics run. The oppositeside tagging power is determined in the B + → J/ψK + channel to be (2.10 ± 0.08 ± 0.24) %, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic

Search for CP violation in D+→K−K+π+D^{+} \to K^{-}K^{+}\pi^{+} decays

A model-independent search for direct CP violation in the Cabibbo suppressed decay $D^+ \to K^- K^+\pi^+$ in a sample of approximately 370,000 decays is carried out. The data were collected by the LHCb experiment in 2010 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb$^{-1}$. The normalized Dalitz plot distributions for $D^+$ and $D^-$ are compared using four different binning schemes that are sensitive to different manifestations of CP violation. No evidence for CP asymmetry is found.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.