Unselective regrowth of 1.5-μm InGaAsP multiple-quantum-well distributed-feedback buried heterostructure lasers

Unselective regrowth for fabricating 1.5-μm InGaAsP multiple-quantum well (MQW) distributed-feedback (DFB) buried heterostructure (BH) lasers is developed. The experimental results exhibit superior characteristics, such as a low threshold of 8.5mA, high slope efficiency of 0.55mW∕mA, circular-like far-field patterns, the narrow linewidth of 2.5MHz, etc. The high performance of the devices effectively proves the feasibility of the new method to fabricate buried heterostructure lasers

Tourism Innovation: Integrating Ginseng into Spa Development: A Case Study of Sunmore Ginseng Health Spa in Kamloops, BC, Canada

Although innovation research has built a solid ground in the realms of nature science and technology, for examples, innovation study in the field of engineering looks at the development of new processes; innovation study in the field of medicine focuses on the development of new devices, drugs and practices, it has not obtained its proper respect as a critical topic in social science, particularly in tourism research. Innovation study in tourism is surprisingly limited and still in a phase of infancy. The purpose of this study is to further explore the notion of innovation in the context of tourism based on earlier scholars’ research. To provide more practical and industrial insights into the understanding of how innovation works in tourism, our researchers conduct a case study of Sunmore Ginseng Health Spa to examine its application of the established innovation concepts and paradigms, as well as the fitness for Abernathy and Clark’s innovation model. Sunmore Ginseng Spa, a health spa in Canada, is located in Kamloops, BC. It is operated as a day spa. The spa is characterized by four functioned suites with the themes from Chinese ancient philosophy: Gold, Wood, Water and Fire. The services offered at Sunmore spa include Swedish massage, aromatherapy massage, reflexology, body wrap, salt glow, facials, and ginseng steaming and sauna. The study found Sunmore Ginseng Health Spa fits well the right upper quadrant of the model which is named ‘architectural innovation’. In line with the ‘experience economy’, Sunmore Ginseng Health Spa may also be considered a good example of ‘experience innovation’. In addition, the research also identified several emergent themes from tourism innovations such as service differentiation, ‘high-tech. and high- touch’, and experience innovation in the experience economy. Future research should further look into the main drivers of tourism innovation, the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship, the development of innovation models for specific service sub-sectors, as well as the roles of innovation in the experience economy

Quantum algebra in the mixed light pseudoscalar meson states

In this paper, we investigate the entanglement degrees of pseudoscalar meson states via quantum algebra Y(su(3)). By making use of transition effect of generators J of Y(su(3)), we construct various transition operators in terms of J of Y(su(3)), and act them on eta-pion-eta mixing meson state. The entanglement degrees of both the initial state and final state are calculated with the help of entropy theory. The diagrams of entanglement degrees are presented. Our result shows that a state with desired entanglement degree can be achieved by acting proper chosen transition operator on an initial state. This sheds new light on the connect among quantum information, particle physics and Yangian algebra.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Localized surface states in HTSC: Alternative mechanism of zero-bias conductance peaks

It is shown that the quasiparticle states localized in the vicinity of surface imperfections of atomic size can be responsible for the zero-bias tunneling conductance peaks in high-Tc superconductors. The contribution from these states can be easily separated from other mechanisms using their qualitatively different response on an external magnetic field.Comment: REVTeX, 4 pages, 2 figs; to be published in PR

Optimal filtering of the LISA data

The LISA time-delay-interferometry responses to a gravitational-wave signal are rewritten in a form that accounts for the motion of the LISA constellation around the Sun; the responses are given in closed analytic forms valid for any frequency in the band accessible to LISA. We then present a complete procedure, based on the principle of maximum likelihood, to search for stellar-mass binary systems in the LISA data. We define the required optimal filters, the amplitude-maximized detection statistic (analogous to the F statistic used in pulsar searches with ground-based interferometers), and discuss the false-alarm and detection probabilities. We test the procedure in numerical simulations of gravitational-wave detection.Comment: RevTeX4, 28 pages, 9 EPS figures. Minus signs fixed in Eq. (46) and Table II. Corrected discussion of F-statistic distribution in Sec. IV

Specific heat of quasi-2D antiferromagnetic Heisenberg models with varying inter-planar couplings

We have used the stochastic series expansion (SSE) quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method to study the three-dimensional (3D) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on cubic lattices with in-plane coupling J and varying inter-plane coupling J_perp < J. The specific heat curves exhibit a 3D ordering peak as well as a broad maximum arising from short-range 2D order. For J_perp << J, there is a clear separation of the two peaks. In the simulations, the contributions to the total specific heat from the ordering across and within the layers can be separated, and this enables us to study in detail the 3D peak around T_c (which otherwise typically is dominated by statistical noise). We find that the peak height decreases with decreasing J_perp, becoming nearly linear below J_perp = 0.2J. The relevance of these results to the lack of observed specific heat anomaly at the ordering transition of some quasi-2D antiferromagnets is discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure

Influence of impurity scattering on tunneling conductance in normal metal- d -wave superconductor junctions

Tunneling conductance spectra between a normal metal / d-wave superconductor junction under the presence of bulk impurities in the superconductor are studied. The quasiclassical theory has been applied to calculate the spatial variation of the pair potential and the effect of impurity scattering has been introduced by t-matrix approximation. The magnitude of a subdominant s-wave component at the interface is shown to robust against the impurity scattering while that for a subdominant $d_{xy}$-wave component is largely suppressed with the increase of the impurity scattering rate. The zero-bias conductance peak due to the zero-energy Andreev bound states is significantly broadened for the case of Born limit impurity compared with that of unitary limit impurity.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

A Measurement of Psi(2S) Resonance Parameters

Cross sections for e+e- to hadons, pi+pi- J/Psi, and mu+mu- have been measured in the vicinity of the Psi(2S) resonance using the BESII detector operated at the BEPC. The Psi(2S) total width; partial widths to hadrons, pi+pi- J/Psi, muons; and corresponding branching fractions have been determined to be Gamma(total)= (264+-27) keV; Gamma(hadron)= (258+-26) keV, Gamma(mu)= (2.44+-0.21) keV, and Gamma(pi+pi- J/Psi)= (85+-8.7) keV; and Br(hadron)= (97.79+-0.15)%, Br(pi+pi- J/Psi)= (32+-1.4)%, Br(mu)= (0.93+-0.08)%, respectively.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Quantifying atmospheric nitrogen deposition through a nationwide monitoring network across China

A Nationwide Nitrogen Deposition Monitoring Network (NNDMN) containing 43 monitoring sites was established in China to measure gaseous NH3, NO2, and HNO3 and particulate NH4+ and NO3− in air and/or precipitation from 2010 to 2014. Wet/bulk deposition fluxes of Nr species were collected by precipitation gauge method and measured by continuous-flow analyzer; dry deposition fluxes were estimated using airborne concentration measurements and inferential models. Our observations reveal large spatial variations of atmospheric Nr concentrations and dry and wet/bulk Nr deposition. On a national basis, the annual average concentrations (1.3–47.0 μg N m−3) and dry plus wet/bulk deposition fluxes (2.9–83.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1) of inorganic Nr species are ranked by land use as urban > rural > background sites and by regions as north China > southeast China > southwest China > northeast China > northwest China > Tibetan Plateau, reflecting the impact of anthropogenic Nr emission. Average dry and wet/bulk N deposition fluxes were 20.6 ± 11.2 (mean ± standard deviation) and 19.3 ± 9.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 across China, with reduced N deposition dominating both dry and wet/bulk deposition. Our results suggest atmospheric dry N deposition is equally important to wet/bulk N deposition at the national scale. Therefore, both deposition forms should be included when considering the impacts of N deposition on environment and ecosystem health

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results