The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A flexible target station for Hi-CANS

The advent of high-current accelerator systems launched the development of high -currentaccelerator-driven neutron sources (Hi-CANS) utilizing low energy nuclear reactions. Thisdevelopment can counteract the increasing shutdown of existing fission -based neutron sources and aresulting decline in available neutron beam days as well as establishing Hi-CANS as the nextgeneration of national neutron sources.A main component of a Hi-CANS is the target station used to convert protons into neutrons, tomoderate the neutrons to the required energy in the meV range, extract the neutrons to the instrumentswith the proper phase space volume as well as to shield the surrounding equipment .Within the High-Brilliance neutron Source (HBS) project, we are developing three target stationsoperated with a short pulse, medium pulse, and long pulse proton beam. The target stations have target/ moderator / reflector geometries optimized to the specific proton beam structure allowing to providetailored neutron beams to each individual neutron instrument. For this, a basic target station setup isused where just the core is modified to fulfill the specific requirements. Such a base layout of the targetstation reduces cost and effort and allows interchangeable composts making it highly modular andversatile.At UCANS 9, we will present the general design ideas of such a Hi-CANS target station and showthe flexibility it offers

Die Geschichte(n) gefalteter Bücher: Leporellos, Livres-Accordéon und Folded Panoramas in Literatur und bildender Kunst

Die Beiträge dieser ersten internationalen Gesamtschau über das Phänomen gefalteter Bücher umfassen 600 Jahre okzidentaler Buchgeschichte: Sie reicht von Faltbüchern des Mittelalters und Harlequinaden der frühen Neuzeit über entfaltbare Seitenfolgen in gebundenen Büchern bis hin zu Leporellos, Folded Panoramas und Livres-Accordéon, die im 19. Jahrhundert eine veritable Blütezeit erfuhren. Im 20. Jahrhundert erlebten gefaltete Bücher sowohl in der experimentellen Literatur als auch im Kontext des Künstlerbuchs eine internationale Renaissance. Hinweis: Bildnachweise s. Anhan