Factors Affecting The Visual Outcome In Hyphema Management In Guinness Eye Center Onitsha

This study aims of determining the complications, outcome of hyphema treatment and recommendways of enhancing good visual outcome. The records of all cases of hyphema seen from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2005were reviewed retrospectively. The variables analyzed were the biodata of all the patients, the agents causing hyphema, associated injuries and complications. Visual acuity at presentation, discharge and last visitwas analyzed. Seventy four patients that had hyphema were reviewed. The male: female ratio was 3.5:1. Trauma was predominantly main cause of hyphema. The common agents of injury include whip (23.2%) and fist (18.8%). The common complications were secondary glaucoma (52.5%), corneal siderosis (30.0%) and rebleeding (10%). Visual outcome is related to time of presentation, complications and treatment. Significant improvementwas achieved following treatment. Hyphema is a common complication of eye injuries. It is commonly associated with other eye injuries like vitreous haemorrhage and cataract. Common complications include secondary glaucoma, corneal siderosis and rebleeding. Visual outcome is dependent on time of presentation, severity and nature of complications. Visual outcome can be improved by early presentation and detection of complications and appropriate treatment. Keywords: VisualOutcome,Hyphaema,Management. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 11 (4) 2008: pp. 364-36

Congenital orbital teratoma

Congenital orbital teratoma though rare is available in this environment. This is a case report of a baby with a protruding orbital mass in the left eye with all classical clinical features of teratoma. Though the histopathological report fell short of confirming the diagnosis the clinical features and outcome of management strongly suggest that the lesion is a teratoma. Multidisciplinary approach to the management not only saved the life of the baby in question but also enhanced the outcome of treatment. Good and compliant follow up for six months was experienced. Cytological test is mandatory for any suspected cases of teratoma.Key Words: Congenital, Orbit, Teratoma

Modelling Activities of Daily Living Using Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanation Algorithm

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly in recognising anomalous behaviour during Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), is useful for supporting independent living. Transparency and interpretability of ADLs can play a vital role in decision-making processes, particularly in healthcare sectors. This work intends to offer additional information to AI-based prediction of ADLs through the use of Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME). In this study, 5,125 low resolution thermal images gleaned from ADLs in a laboratory environment which mimics a smart home were clustered and analysed using Data Mining software and AI algorithms respectively. Results indicated that LIME presented saliency maps of ADLs in diverse scenarios such as ‘Making Tea’ and ‘Sitting Down’ to consume it. Further work will seek to fine-tune the models for better accurac

Impact and Prevention of Psychiatric Polypharmacy in the Elderly

Adequate medication management is a focus of effective care that is often overlooked in caring for adults with comorbid psychiatric and physical conditions, especially in patients who are treated by multiple care providers and have a variety of health issues at the same time. The purpose of this project was to develop evidence-based policies and practice guidelines to reduce polypharmacy in elderly patients in a rural outpatient psychiatric clinic. Bandura\u27s self-efficacy theory was used to inform the project for its value in assessing motivation, capacity for self-regulation, and perceptions of individual ability. An interdisciplinary team of stakeholders explored best practices for electronic health records (EHR) in a rural mental health facility, created policy and practice guidelines, and developed implementation and evaluation plans to guide the initiative as it moves forward. The team included physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, nurse practitioners, nursing support staff, social workers, and substance abuse counselors. The team explored approaches for implementing EHR-based medication management based on research in the current literature and goals/objectives of each department. Team members identified major issues and proposed guideline changes based on evidence in their own fields. The team then collaborated to develop policies and practice guidelines in a series of meetings designed to build consensus for supporting a unified set of products to be accepted by all departments. The resulting policies and practice guidelines are accompanied by plans for implementation and evaluation that provide the institution with a comprehensive solution to polypharmacy in elderly patients. This project may improve overall quality of care by reducing medication and preventing health complications related to polypharmacy

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Economics of palm oil production in Nsukka Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria

With the increasing technological advancement and adoption in palm production, this study examined the economic viability of palm oil  production in Nsukka Local Government Area (LGA) of Enugu state. Specifically, the study determined the socioeconomic characteristics of palm oil producers, different production techniques adopted, costs and return and the constraints that mitigate palm oil production of the farmers. Primary data were collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire from 50 palm oil producers selected randomly from the population. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and gross margin model. In addition to the use of traditional production techniques, producers were identified to be using machine for their production (modern technique) and a combination of both. The gross margin analysis showed that the enterprise is viable and profitable. The study identified inaccessibility of palm fruits, high cost of harvesting, unavailability of human labour, and long duration of processing as the major constraints to palm oil production. The study recommended among others that producers need to form groups in other to be able to purchase modern machines as this will help in their production and also improve the rural infrastructures as it will help to reduce the transportation and the high cost of production challenges faced by farmers especially palm oil farmers/producers in Nsukka LGA of Enugu State

Marriage, fertility and life after death: towards a regenerative model of inculturation in the Igbo context

status: publishe

Trabeculectomy at Guiness Eye Hospital Onitsha

Objective: To review the surgery of trabeculectomy as practiced in Guinness Eye Hospital Onitsha for 4 years ascertain the success, determine the complications and make recommendations.Methods: The case files of all patient that had trabeculectomy for chronic open angle glaucoma from January 1998 to December 2002 were reviewed. Information on dermographic data, visual acuity pre and post –op intraocular pressure and post–op complications were abstracted into a standard profoma and analyzed. Result: 96 eyes (62 patients) had trabeculectomy. 34 (54.8%) patients had bilateral trabeculecotomy. Record of 6 patients could be traced be traced so 56 patients (88 eyes) were analyzed. The post–op complications were hyphaema (13.6%), shallow anterior chamber (17.1%), cataract (80%) and endophthalmitis (0.01%).Conclusion: Trabeculectomy achieved good intraocular pressure control in the patients. Bilateral simultaneous trabeculectomy was acceptable. Measure should be take to avoid serious complications like endophthalmitis.Keywords: trabeculectomy, glaucoma, intraocular pressureTropical Journal of Medical Research Vol. 9(1) 2005: 5-

Penetrating oculo-orbito-cranial injury

No Abstract Availabl

Introducing Therapeutic Music as an Alternative Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in the Emergency Department

Purpose: This quality improvement project evaluated the feasibility of implementing therapeutic music in the emergency department (ED) to decrease anxiety levels by 10% over three months at a hospital in West Houston. Background:Anxiety in the ED can exacerbate patient conditions and lead to increased use of anxiolytic drugs. Prior studies suggest that therapeutic music is effective in lowering anxiety across clinical settings. Anxiety in emergency department settings can negatively impact patient outcomes and increase reliance on pharmacological treatments. Evidence from previous research has demonstrated that therapeutic music interventions can significantly reduce anxiety, making it a promising non-pharmacological approach. However, its implementation in the ED has been limited. Methodology:The project enrolled thirty-two adult participants experiencing anxiety in the ED. Participants selected therapeutic music from pre-approved genres and listened for 30 minutes. Anxiety levels were measured pre-and post-intervention using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Vital signs, including heart rate and blood pressure, were monitored. Data analysis employed standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals. The project utilized the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle for implementation and evaluation. Results:The intervention led to a significant reduction in anxiety levels, with an SMD of -0.45 (95% CI: -0.70 to -0.20). Participants reported improved satisfaction, citing a calming effect of the music. Post-intervention, vital signs indicated reduced heart rate and blood pressure, suggesting physiological benefits. Implications:This quality improvement project demonstrates that therapeutic music is a feasible, sustainable, and effective non-pharmacological intervention to reduce anxiety in the ED. Its integration into emergency care can enhance patient experiences and outcomes. Future research should focus on the long-term effects, scalability, and application in diverse patient populations and emergency care settings