Evaluación educativa de la implementación de un programa interactivo para la adquisición de conocimientos medioambientales

Para conocer la calidad docente dentro de nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje es importante prestar especial atención a la evaluación, sus pautas, los diseños realizados y el proceso en sí, que junto con los resultados obtenidos nos indican los criterios susceptibles de mejora, así como las áreas fuertes y débiles a considerar para futuras experiencias dentro de la docencia. La evaluación se ha realizado dentro del proyecto“Propuesta metodológica para el aprendizaje autónomo de conceptos medioambientales en la formación de maestros”, que nace con la intención de adecuar la metodología de la asignatura obligatoria Fundamentos científicos medioambientales, por su adaptación en su manera de desarrollo a través de entornos virtuales

A different role for hydrogen peroxide and the antioxidative system under short and long salt stress in Brassica oleracea roots

Salinity affects normal growth and development of plants depending on their capacity to overcome the induced stress. The present study was focused on the response and regulation of the antioxidant defence system in Brassica oleracea roots under short and long salt treatments. The function and the implications of hydrogen peroxide as a stressor or as a signalling molecule were also studied. Two different zones were analysed—the elongation and differentiation zone and the fully differentiated root zone—in order to broaden the knowledge of the different effects of salt stress in root. In general, an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was observed in both zones at the highest (80 mM NaCl) concentration. A higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was observed in the stele of salt-treated roots. At the subcellular level, mitochondria accumulated hydrogen peroxide in salt-treated roots. The results confirm a drastic decrease in the antioxidant enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidases under short salt treatments. However, catalase and peroxidase activities were recovered under long salt stress treatments. The two antioxidant molecules analysed, ascorbate and glutathione, showed a different trend during salt treatments. Ascorbate was progressively accumulated and its redox state maintained, but glutathione was highly accumulated at 24 h of salt treatment, but then its concentration and redox state progressively decreased. Concomitantly, the antioxidant enzymes involved in ascorbate and glutathione regeneration were modified under salt stress treatments. In conclusion, the increase in ascorbate levels and the maintenance of the redox state seem to be critical for root growth and development under salt stress

Differential effect of vascularity between long- and short-term survivors with IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastoma

[EN] Introduction: IDH1/2 wt glioblastoma (GB) represents the most lethal tumour of the central nervous system. Tumour vascularity is associated with overall survival (OS), and the clinical relevance of vascular markers, such as rCBV, has already been validated. Nevertheless, molecular and clinical factors may have different influences on the beneficial effect of a favourable vascular signature. Purpose: To evaluate the association between the rCBV and OS of IDH1/2 wt GB patients for long-term survivors (LTSs) and short-term survivors (STSs). Given that initial high rCBV may affect the patient's OS in follow-up stages, we will assess whether a moderate vascularity is beneficial for OS in both groups of patients. Materials and methods: Ninety-nine IDH1/2 wt GB patients were divided into LTSs (OS >= 400 days) and STSs (OS < 400 days). Mann-Whitney and Fisher, uni- and multiparametric Cox, Aalen's additive regression and Kaplan-Meier tests were carried out. Tumour vascularity was represented by the mean rCBV of the high angiogenic tumour (HAT) habitat computed through the haemodynamic tissue signature methodology (available on the ONCOhabitats platform). Results: For LTSs, we found a significant association between a moderate value of rCBV(mean) and higher OS (uni- and multiparametric Cox and Aalen's regression) (p = 0.0140, HR = 1.19; p = 0.0085, HR = 1.22) and significant stratification capability (p = 0.0343). For the STS group, no association between rCBV(mean) and survival was observed. Moreover, no significant differences (p > 0.05) in gender, age, resection status, chemoradiation, or MGMT methylation were observed between LTSs and STSs. Conclusion: We have found different prognostic and stratification effects of the vascular marker for the LTS and STS groups. We propose the use of rCBV(mean) at HAT as a vascular marker clinically relevant for LTSs with IDH1/2 wt GB and maybe as a potential target for randomized clinical trials focused on this group of patients.DPI2016-80054-R (Programa Estatal de Promocion del Talento y su Empleabilidad en I +D+i).; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 844646; H2020-SC1-BHC-2018-2020 (No. 825750); MTS4up project (National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013-2016, No. DPI2016-80054-R); European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie, Grant/Award Number: 844646; Research Council of Norway, Grant/Award Number: 261984; South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Grant/Award Number: 2017073; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020, Grant/Award Number: 758657Álvarez-Torres, MDM.; Fuster García, E.; Reynes, G.; Juan-Albarracín, J.; Chelebian-Kocharyan, EA.; Oleaga, L.; Pineda, J.... (2021). Differential effect of vascularity between long- and short-term survivors with IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastoma. NMR in Biomedicine. 34(4):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.446211134

Bases per a la renovació de l’espai comunicatiu valencià i la restitució del servei públic de radiotelevisió. Informe de la Comissió d’Experts en comunicació de les universitats valencianes (CECUV)

Informe encarregat pel Fòrum Social de l'Audiovisual Valenci

MGMT methylation may benefit overall survival in patients with moderately vascularized glioblastomas

[EN] Objectives To assess the combined role of tumor vascularity, estimated from perfusion MRI, andMGMTmethylation status on overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma. Methods A multicentric international dataset including 96 patients from NCT03439332 clinical study were used to study the prognostic relationships betweenMGMTand perfusion markers. Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in the most vascularized tumor regions was automatically obtained from preoperative MRIs using ONCOhabitats online analysis service. Cox survival regression models and stratification strategies were conducted to define a subpopulation that is particularly favored byMGMTmethylation in terms of OS. Results rCBV distributions did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) in the methylated and the non-methylated subpopulations. In patients with moderately vascularized tumors (rCBV 10.73), however, there was no significant effect ofMGMTmethylation (HR = 1.72,p = 0.10, AUC = 0.56). Conclusions Our results indicate the existence of complementary prognostic information provided byMGMTmethylation and rCBV. Perfusion markers could identify a subpopulation of patients who will benefit the most fromMGMTmethylation. Not considering this information may lead to bias in the interpretation of clinical studies.Open Access funding provided by University of Oslo (incl Oslo University Hospital). This study has received funding from MTS4up project (National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013-2016, No. DPI2016-80054-R) (JMGG); H2020-SC12016-CNECT Project (No. 727560) (JMGG), H2020-SC1-BHC-20182020 (No. 825750) (JMGG), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 (Grant Agreement No. 758657), the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority Grants 2017073 and 2013069, the Research Council of Norway Grants 261984 (KEE). M.A.T was supported by Programa Estatal de Promocion del Talento y su Empleabilidad en I+D+i (DPI2016-80054-R). E.F.G was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement (No. 844646).Fuster García, E.; Lorente Estellés, D.; Álvarez-Torres, MDM.; Juan-Albarracín, J.; Chelebian-Kocharyan, EA.; Rovira, A.; Auger Acosta, C.... (2021). MGMT methylation may benefit overall survival in patients with moderately vascularized glioblastomas. European Radiology. 31(3):1738-1747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07297-41738174731

Effective theory of the Delta(1232) in Compton scattering off the nucleon

We formulate a new power-counting scheme for a chiral effective field theory of nucleons, pions, and Deltas. This extends chiral perturbation theory into the Delta-resonance region. We calculate nucleon Compton scattering up to next-to-leading order in this theory. The resultant description of existing $\gamma$p cross section data is very good for photon energies up to about 300 MeV. We also find reasonable numbers for the spin-independent polarizabilities $\alpha_p$ and $\beta_p$.Comment: 29 pp, 9 figs. Minor revisions. To be published in PR

Measurement of the Generalized Forward Spin Polarizabilities of the Neutron

The generalized forward spin polarizabilities $\gamma_0$ and $\delta_{LT}$ of the neutron have been extracted for the first time in a $Q^2$ range from 0.1 to 0.9 GeV$^2$. Since $\gamma_0$ is sensitive to nucleon resonances and $\delta_{LT}$ is insensitive to the $\Delta$ resonance, it is expected that the pair of forward spin polarizabilities should provide benchmark tests of the current understanding of the chiral dynamics of QCD. The new results on $\delta_{LT}$ show significant disagreement with Chiral Perturbation Theory calculations, while the data for $\gamma_0$ at low $Q^2$ are in good agreement with a next-to-lead order Relativistic Baryon Chiral Perturbation theory calculation. The data show good agreement with the phenomenological MAID model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, corrected typo in author name, published in PR

Anisotropy and chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Collaboration has reported evidence for anisotropy in the distribution of arrival directions of the cosmic rays with energies $E>E_{th}=5.5\times 10^{19}$ eV. These show a correlation with the distribution of nearby extragalactic objects, including an apparent excess around the direction of Centaurus A. If the particles responsible for these excesses at $E>E_{th}$ are heavy nuclei with charge $Z$, the proton component of the sources should lead to excesses in the same regions at energies $E/Z$. We here report the lack of anisotropies in these directions at energies above $E_{th}/Z$ (for illustrative values of $Z=6,\ 13,\ 26$). If the anisotropies above $E_{th}$ are due to nuclei with charge $Z$, and under reasonable assumptions about the acceleration process, these observations imply stringent constraints on the allowed proton fraction at the lower energies

Reconstruction of inclined air showers detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

We describe the method devised to reconstruct inclined cosmic-ray air showers with zenith angles greater than $60^\circ$ detected with the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The measured signals at the ground level are fitted to muon density distributions predicted with atmospheric cascade models to obtain the relative shower size as an overall normalization parameter. The method is evaluated using simulated showers to test its performance. The energy of the cosmic rays is calibrated using a sub-sample of events reconstructed with both the fluorescence and surface array techniques. The reconstruction method described here provides the basis of complementary analyses including an independent measurement of the energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using very inclined events collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: 27 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP

The Pierre Auger Observatory III: Other Astrophysical Observations

Astrophysical observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with the Pierre Auger ObservatoryComment: Contributions to the 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference, Beijing, China, August 201