Leveraging NFV for the deployment of NDN: Application to HTTP traffic transport

International audienceFor a few years, Network-Function Virtualization (NFV) acts as the most promising solution for the flexible implementation and management of future network services. If most of current efforts in this area focus on IP-based Virtual Network Functions (VNF), the case of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is interesting since it can demonstrate that NFV is a promising technology for ISP to deploy such new innovative network stacks. In this context, we propose to design and implement a NFV compliant architecture to easily deploy ICN islands. Especially, at the core of this architecture, we present an HTTP/NDN gateway, which enables our network to carry real HTTP traffic. Finally, we show early functional experimental results of an initial testbed deployment exhibiting the capability of our global infrastructure to retrieve the top-1000 of the most popular web sites

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Finite volume scheme and renormalized solutions for nonlinear elliptic Neumann problem with L1 data

In this paper we study the convergence of a finite volume approximation of a convective diffusive elliptic problem with Neumann boundary conditions and L 1 data. To deal with the non-coercive character of the equation and the low regularity of the right hand-side we mix the finite volume tools and the renormalized techniques. To handle the Neumann boundary conditions we choose solutions having a null median and we prove a convergence result

Finite volume scheme and renormalized solutions for nonlinear elliptic Neumann problem with L1 data

In this paper we study the convergence of a finite volume approximation of a convective diffusive elliptic problem with Neumann boundary conditions and L 1 data. To deal with the non-coercive character of the equation and the low regularity of the right hand-side we mix the finite volume tools and the renormalized techniques. To handle the Neumann boundary conditions we choose solutions having a null median and we prove a convergence result

Épidémiologie des infections cérébro-méningées chez les voyageurs hospitalisés en Île-de-France

Les infections cérébro-méningées (ICM) représentent une cause rare de morbidité chez les voyageurs. Objectifs : Décrire l épidémiologie des infections cérébro-méningées importées puis proposer un algorithme diagnostique. Patients et méthode : Nous avons évalué de manière rétrospective le spectre étiologique des ICM observées pendant le voyage ou dans le mois suivant le retour chez les patients admis dans les services des maladies infectieuses ou de réanimation de l hôpital Bégin, Saint-Mandé, de janvier 1998 à décembre 2005. Résultats : Cinquante-six patients (21 femmes, 35 hommes) d âge moyen 29 ans (16-83) ont été inclus. On comptait 25 touristes (44,6 %), 15 militaires (26,8%), 9 migrants (16 %) et 7 expatriés (12,5%). Les régions visitées étaient les suivantes : Afrique (n=32; 57,2 %), Europe (n=11; 19,5 %), Asie (n=7; 12,5 %), Caraïbes (n=2; 3,6 %), Océan Indien (n=2; 3,6 %), Amérique Latine (n=1; 1,8 %) et Océanie (n=1; 1,8 %). La durée médiane de voyage était de 24 jours (24-550). Vingt patients ont présenté des symptômes sur place, une évacuation sanitaire a été nécessaire chez onze d entre eux. Pour les trente-six autres patients, le délai médian entre le retour et l apparition des symptômes était de 10 jours (IQ 25-75 : 4-14). Le délai médian entre les symptômes et l hospitalisation était de 4 jours (0,5-96). Un syndrome méningé typique était observé dans 25 cas. La présentation clinique initiale était encéphalitique dans 20 cas et la symptomatologie était atypique (céphalées ou fièvre) dans 11 cas. Les diagnostics étiologiques étaient confirmés chez 42 patients (75 %). Les causes tropicales minoritaires (n=14) étaient dominées par le paludisme grave à P. falciparum (12 cas) au retour d Afrique subsaharienne. Parmi les causes cosmopolites, les infections virales (n=22) étaient prédominantes (enterovirus: 12, herpesviridae: 8 dont un cas de méningo-encéphalite à HSV-1, VIH: 2). Seules quatre infections bactériennes ont été observées (Neisseria meningitidis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Brucella melitensis, Salmonella typhi). Seize patients ont séjourné en réanimation pour une durée médiane de 9,5 jours (1-63). La durée moyenne de séjour à l hôpital était de 14 jours (3-63). Une patiente est décédée d une encéphalite à HSV-1. Quatre patients (7 %) ont conservé des séquelles neurologiques. Conclusion : La diversité étiologique des infections cérébro-méningées ne doit pas égarer. A l exception du paludisme au retour d Afrique subsaharienne, les causes cosmopolites sont largement prédominantes (viroses en particulier). La démarche diagnostique guidée par le frottis sanguin, l imagerie et la ponction lombaire doit privilégier la recherche de causes curablesCerebro-meningeal infections (CMI) are a rare cause of morbidity in travellers. Objectives : To describe the epidemiology of imported cerebro-meningeal infections then propose a diagnostic guideline. Methods : We retrospectively assessed the aetiological spectrum of travel-related cerebro-meningeal infections which were observed during the stay or in the following month, in patients admitted to the infectious diseases or the intensive care units of the Begin military hospital in Saint-Mandé, France between January 1998 and December 2005. Results : Fifty six patients (21 females, 35 males) with a median age of 29 years (16-83) were included. Twenty five patients were classified as tourists (44,6 %), 15 as military (26,8%), 9 as immigrants (16 %) and 7 as expatriates (12,5%). Travel destinations were: Africa (n=32; 57,2 %), Europe (n=11; 19,5 %), Asia (n=7; 12,5 %), Caribbean (n=2; 3,6 %), Indian Ocean (n=2; 3,6 %), Latin America (n=1; 1,8 %) and Oceania (n=1; 1,8 %). The median duration of travel was 24 days (5-550). Twenty patients presented symptoms while abroad, among them 11 required a medical evacuation. For the 36 other patients, the median duration between return from travel and onset of symptoms was 10 days (IQ 25-75 : 4-14). The median time from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 4 days (0,5-96).A typical meningeal syndrome was observed in 25 cases. Initial clinical presentation was encephalitic in 20 cases and the symptomatology was incomplete (headaches or fever) in 11 cases. The diagnoses were confirmed in 42 patients (75 %). The minority tropical causes (n=14) were dominated by severe P. falciparum malaria (12 cases) after a stay in sub-Saharan Africa. Among the cosmopolitan causes, viral infections were the leading cause (n=22) (enteroviruses: 12, herpesviridae: 8 including a HSV-1 encephalitis, HIV: 2). Only four bacterial infections have been reported (Neisseria meningitidis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Brucella melitensis, Salmonella typhi). Sixteen patients were admitted in the intensive care unit for a median time of 9,5 days (1-63). The average duration of hospitalization was 14 days (3-63). One death by HSV-1 encephalitis was recorded. Four patients (7%) had neurological sequelae. Conclusion : The aetiological diversity of cerebro-meningeal infections should not mislead. Except for malaria in travelers returning from sub-Saharan Africa, cosmopolitan diseases are widely predominant (particularly viral infections). The diagnostic approach guided by thin smear, imaging and lumbar puncture should focus on curable causesPARIS12-CRETEIL BU Médecine (940282101) / SudocPARIS-Bib. Serv.Santé Armées (751055204) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Model-based approach for performance assessment of a video transmission application for automotive

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Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae human infection : a diagnostic challenge

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