Dynamic Assignment and Maintenance of Positional Identity in the Ventral Neural Tube by the Morphogen Sonic Hedgehog

During development of the vertebrate neural tube, cells acquire their positional identity from not only the spatial level of the Sonic Hedgehog signaling gradient, but also the temporal duration

The Physics of the B Factories

This work is on the Physics of the B Factories. Part A of this book contains a brief description of the SLAC and KEK B Factories as well as their detectors, BaBar and Belle, and data taking related issues. Part B discusses tools and methods used by the experiments in order to obtain results. The results themselves can be found in Part C

ヒ シンボウ サイドウ カンドウミャク シッカン カンジャ ノ シン ケッカン イベント ヨソク ニ オケル CHADS2 スコア ノ ユウヨウセイ : タ シセツ カンサツ コホート ケンキュウ ヨリ

熊本大

Impact of cancer history on clinical outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral repair

Background!#!Little is known about the prevalence of a history of cancer and its impact on clinical outcome in mitral regurgitation (MR) patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR).!##!Objectives!#!The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of cancer, baseline inflammatory parameters, and clinical outcome in MR patients undergoing TMVR.!##!Methods!#!Consecutive patients undergoing a MitraClip procedure were enrolled, and the patients were stratified into two groups: cancer and non-cancer. Baseline complete blood counts (CBC) with differential hemograms were collected prior to the procedure to calculate the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). All-cause death within a one-year was examined.!##!Results!#!In total, 82 out of 446 patients (18.4%) had a history of cancer. Cancer patients had a significantly higher baseline PLR [181.4 (121.1-263.9) vs. 155.4 (109.4-210.4); P = 0.012] and NLR [5.4 (3.5-8.3) vs. 4.0 (2.9-6.1); P = 0.002] than non-cancer patients. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that cancer patients had a significantly worse prognosis than non-cancer (estimated 1-year mortality, 20.2 vs. 9.2%; log-rank P = 0.009), and multivariable analyses of three models showed that cancer history was an independent factor for 1-year mortality. Patients who died during follow-up had a significantly higher baseline PLR [214.2 (124.2-296.7) vs. 156.3 (110.2-212.1); P = 0.007] and NLR [6.4 (4.2-12.5) vs. 4.0 (2.9-6.2); P < 0.001] than survivors.!##!Conclusions!#!In MitraClip patients, a history of cancer was associated with higher inflammatory parameters and worse prognosis compared to non-cancer patients. Central Illustration. Clinical outcomes and baseline PLR and NLR values accord-ing to one-year mortality. (Left) Patients who died within the follow-up period had a significantly higher baseline PLR (214.2 [124.2-296.7] vs 156.3 [110.2-212.1]; P = 0.007) and NLR (6.4 [4.2-12.5] vs 4.0 [2.9-6.2]; P < 0.001) than patients who survived. PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (Right) A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that cancer patients had a significantly worse prognosis than non-cancer patients (estimated one-year mortality, 20.2 vs 9.2%; log-rank P = 0.009)