コンピュータによる人間行動の理解と人間行動の補助に関する研究

鳥取大学博士(工学)doctoral thesi

Changes over Time in Lifestyle Surveys in Elementary Schools (2013-2022)

0449602968departmental bulletin pape

Inquiry-based learning centering on generating questions. (3rd grade) : Practicing classes to discover - Practicing classes to discover functional relationships from everyday events

本研究では, 従来行ってきた問題解決型の学習に加え, より自由度のある探究型学習を実現するために, SRP（Study and Research Paths）と呼ばれる学習過程を参考にして授業設計・実践を行い, その成果と課題を分析した。最初の問いQ0 から生まれた問いの広がりを予測し図にまとめたQA マップを作り, Q0 の吟味や, 授業後の生徒の活動の分析を行った。その結果,身の回りの事象から関数関係を見いだし, 自分の思考を振り返りながら, より良い解決法を探究しようとする姿が見られた。 / In this study, lesson design is based on the learning process called SRP (Study and Research Paths) in order to realize more flexible inquiry-type learning in the statistical field, which is regarded as important in the new course of study. Practiced and analyzed the results and issues. We predicted the spread of the questions that were born from the first question Q0, created a QA map that was summarized in a diagram, examined Q0, and analyzed the activities of the students after class. As a result, they found functional relationships from the events around them, looked back on their thoughts, and tried to find better solutions.departmental bulletin pape

Rapid Multiplex RT-PCR for Influenza A and B by Genesoc®, a Microfluidic PCR System

036170484601594028490398804358012130019600212Background: Rapid antigen tests are widely used to diagnose influenza. However, despite their simplicity and short turnover time, the sensitivity of these tests is relatively low, and molecular tests with greater sensitivity are being sought. In this study, we developed and clinically evaluated a protocol for the rapid multiplex testing of influenza A and B, using a rapid real-time PCR system, GeneSoC®, that is based on microfluidic thermal cycling technology. Methods: The specificity of the developed assay was validated using cultured viral strains of influenza A/B, human metapneumovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus. Analytical sensitivity was evaluated using serially diluted RNA synthesized via in vitro transcription and nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from consecutive patients seeking medical attention for a combination of upper respiratory and general symptoms. Cross-validation of GeneSoC® based on comparisons with conventional real-time RT-PCR and rapid antigen tests was performed by parallel testing of influenza-positive clinical specimens. Results: The GeneSoC® assay detected the target sequences of influenza A and B at minimum concentrations of 38 and 65 copies/µL in reaction, respectively. For the analysis of clinical specimens, the positive, negative, and overall agreement between GeneSoC® RT-PCR and a conventional real-time RT-PCR was in all cases 100%, whereas for the comparison between GeneSoC® RT-PCR and the rapid antigen test, the agreements for positive, negative, and overall findings were 100%, 90.9%, and 95.7%, respectively. The mean time for completing GeneSoC® RT-PCR was 16 min 29 s (95% confidence interval, 16 min 18 s to 16 min 39 s). Conclusion: The microfluidic real-time PCR system, GeneSoC®, has an analytical performance comparable to that of conventional real-time RT-PCR with rapid turnover time, and represents a promising alternative to rapid antigen tests for diagnosing influenza A and B.journal articl

Inquiry based learning (2nd grade) centering on generation of questions. : A liner function that allows various solutions

本研究の目的は，生徒の主体的な学びの実現に向けて具体的な方策を提案することである。研究の視座としておいたSRP （‘Study and Research Paths’）では多様な解法が表出する問いが必要になる。先行研究より一次関数単元では多様な解法が表出する問いについて検討がなされていないことが分かった。本研究では， ATD を基にしたプラクセオロジー分析を用いて，一次関数単元における多様な解法を生み出す問いを設定し授業実践を行った．そこから明らかになった問いの条件と，主体的な学びを実現する際に必要な教師の態度について報告する。さらに，実践後の生徒の変容について追記する。 / The aim of this study is to propose concrete measures for the realization of independent learning by students. In SRP （‘Study and Research Paths’）,which was set as a research perspective, it is necessary to ask questions that express various solutions. From the previous research, it was found that the linear function unit did not consider the questions expressed by various solution method. IN this study, using praxeology analysis based on ATD, we set up questions to generate various solution methods in the linear function unit and conducted a lesson. And the conditions of the question that became clear from there. I will report on the teachers attitude necessary to realize independent learning. In addition, I will add the transformation of the students after the practice.departmental bulletin pape

Effects of Using a Video-Sharing Application on Multidisciplinary Staff During Pre-discharge Home Assessment Visits for Elderly Hospitalized Patients

037600095604744005260380501641Background: Pre-discharge home assessment visits for elderly hospitalized patients are conducted by the hospital staff to ensure a smooth transition to home care and are effective in preventing falls and reducing the rehospitalization rates. However, the effect of an application that enables the viewing of videos of the patient’s home activities during the pre-discharge visit on the multidisciplinary professionals who provide services to the patient has not yet been fully clarified. Methods: Multidisciplinary professionals at 23 facilities located in western Tottori Prefecture who used a video-sharing application (Patto-Mie Net) were invited to be interview participants. Those who agreed were interviewed about the usefulness of the application in their work and its effect on multidisciplinary collaboration. A verbatim transcript was made, and thematic analysis was conducted using the qualitative analysis software NVivo. Results: Twenty-eight people participated in the interviews, including nurses, care managers, rehabilitation specialists, care workers, and other social care professions. Fourteen themes and five categories were generated from the analysis: comprehensive information visualization and transferability, identification of changes over time and prognostic prediction, promoting multidisciplinary collaboration, patient and family reality, and disadvantages and concerns. Conclusion: The use of an application that allows video-sharing of a patient’s home movement status during a pre-discharge visit has revealed a variety of benefits for multiple professionals in hospitals and other facilities. In particular, the results were characterized by the psychological closeness between multiple professionals, promotion of interprofessional communication, and sharing of reality, including the psychosocial background of the patient and family.journal articl

Rocking Response Analysis of Liquid Storage Tanks under Seismic Ground Excitation

鳥取大学博士(工学)doctoral thesi

Development of a Prognostic Scoring System using MYC Expression and Soluble Interleukin Receptor -2 level for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL-NOS), is the most frequent type of lymphoid neoplasm. Methods: We investigated the relationships between clinical factors of DLBCL-NOS and MYC immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Results: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with DLBCL-NOS from 2012 to 2020 at Tottori University Hospital and treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy were included. IHC staining of MYC in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens was performed, and ROC-curve analysis revealed the cut-off value of the MYC positive rate as 55%. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rates of the MYC-negative and -positive groups were 84.7% vs 57.7% (P = 0.0091), and the progression-free survival rates were 77.8% vs 54.7% (P = 0.016), respectively. Multivariate analysis for OS showed prognostic significance of MYC positivity [hazards ratio (HR): 2.496; P = 0.032], and serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) > 2000 U/mL (HR: 3.950; P = 0.0019), as well as age > 75 (HR: 2.356; P = 0.068). The original scoring system was developed based on these findings. By assigning one point to each item, age (> 75), MYC positivity, and sIL-2R level (> 2000), all patients were classified into three risk categories: group 1 (0 points), group 2 (1 point), and group 3 (2–3 points). The 2-year survival rates were 100%, 83.0%, and 47.1% for the groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: We suggest that a prognostic scoring system using MYC expression and soluble interleukin receptor -2 level is useful for the prediction of prognosis, contributing to further stratification in DLBCL-NOS.journal articl

Cases of Pediatric Pyelonephritis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study from an Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Endemic Area in Japan

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been increasingly recognized as the cause of upper urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. We have been using flomoxef at our department since 2017 as the first-line empiric therapy for children diagnosed with UTIs, and we avoid using carbapenems, which are considered the first-line treatment for ESBL-producing E. coli. However, reports on the use of flomoxef for UTIs are limited, especially for pediatric patients. The presence of vesicoureteral reflux at the onset of pyelonephritis is a concern. Severe vesicoureteral reflux can lead to repeated UTI and future deterioration of renal function, but the indication for voiding urethrography, which closely examines the presence of vesicoureteral reflux complications, is controversial. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the laboratory findings, treatment, and clinical course of 96 pyelonephritis cases experienced at our department over a 7-year period from April 2014 to March 2021. Results: ESBL-producing E. coli were identified as the cause of pyelonephritis in 51% of cases, and this value was significantly higher (88%) in 2017. No significant differences were found in the febrile period or recurrence rate between the flomoxef-initiated group and other antibiotics groups. We also examined clinical indicators to predict vesicoureteral reflux and found no significant differences in ultrasonographic findings of hydronephrosis. Conclusion: In the present series, 51% of all pyelonephritis cases were found to be caused by ESBL-producing E. coli, with a significant increase in recent years. Flomoxef may be a useful alternative to carbapenem for ESBL-producing E. coli and the initial antibiotic of choice for upper UTIs in children. The indication for voiding cystourethrography should be carefully determined.journal articl

Clinical Significance of Subcellular Localization of Maspin in Breast Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study Using Two Different Antibodies

Background: Maspin is known to be a tumor suppressor protein: however, its prognostic value in patients with breast cancer remains controversial. The key influential factors contributing to this complexity may be the differences in antibodies used, as well as the positive criteria and sample size. To date, no study has investigated the prognostic significance of maspin expression by using two different antibodies in the same cohort. We aimed to clarify whether differences in antibodies could influence on the prognostic value of maspin in breast cancer patients. Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses using an anti-maspin antibody (clone G167-70) were performed on 164 resected specimens of invasive carcinoma of no special type (NOS). The correlation with clinicopathological factors was compared to previous results using clone EAW24, with longer follow-up duration. Results: The subcellular localization of maspin expression was as follows: cytoplasmic-only staining, 3 cases (1.8%), pancellular staining, 43 cases (26.2%); and no staining, 118 cases (72.0%). No nuclear-only staining was observed. There was no significant correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and the pancellualr expression of maspin. The pancellular expression group showed a significantly longer disease-free survival (DFS) than the other groups (P = 0.046). When clone EAW24 was used, the cytoplasmic-only staining group showed significantly shorter DFS than the pancellular staining group (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Clone EAW24 may be superior to clone G167-70 in selecting breast carcinoma with an aggressive phenotype, while clone G167-70 may be superior to clone EAW24 in selecting non-aggressive breast carcinoma.journal articl