ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice

Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.Peer reviewe

ARIA digital anamorphosis: Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice

Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed

The discovery of Sweden : foreign direct investments in Sweden 1895-1945

The study investigates the extent, development and nature of foreign direct investments in Sweden during the years 1895-1945. The work also has a qualitative aspect, which may be summarized as a question: Why do foreign companies undertake direct investments in Sweden? The basic premise has been that the companies' decisions are based on their own calculations regarding profit interests and structural conditions on the market, but these decisions are also influenced by various power relations. The aim is to discover partly the motives behind a company's readiness to enter the Swedish market, and partly the national and international power relations that furnished the institutional conditions favouring or hindering the making of direct investments in Sweden. The study shows that direct investments were much more extensive before 1945, above all before World War One, than has previously been assumed. Slightly more than half the direct investments were made by Denmark and Norway, and the greatest contribution from the major industrial nations was made by Germany. American direct investments increased in importance during the interwar years, and represented the greatest volume of activity in the foreign sector by the end of the 1930's. Manufacturing companies were the most important before World War One, as a result of direct investments in Swedish natural resources and the consumer goods industry. During the interwar years direct investments inclined more to forward linkage, and the majority were made in the chemical and engineering industries. Conditions in Sweden exerted most influence on direct investments before World War One - for example, Swedish tariff policy. Sweden's attempts to protect itself against the imperialism of the large industrial nations resulted moreover in 1916 in legislation which severely restricted the possibilities of making direct investments in the raw materials industry. After World War One, motives connected with specific countries and owneers were more important. At this time conflicts between American and European, primarily German, interests also entered the picture. One of the circumstances affecting direct investments was the increasing importance of the Scandinavian countries in the world market. This led to altered conditions between the Scandinavian countries, and partly to the realization by international business that Sweden must be seen as a market in its own right and not just as a sub-market in the Scandinavian region.digitalisering@um

Skördetid eller maktpolitisk anpassning? de tyska företagen i Sverige efter andra världskriget : [Harvesttime or adaptation to power politics? the German-owned firms in Sweden after the Second World War]

After the Second World War the Western Allies demanded that all German property in the former neutral countries should become liquidated and tranferred to the victors. This study gives an account of the conflicts that existed between Sweden and the Allies during the Safe Haven negotiations, which resulted in the Washington Treaty of 1946.Furthermore it studies the process of liquidation of the German firms by the Swedish state. The Allies insisted on a joint Swedish-Allied liquidation of the German assets. The Swedes refused to accept this and told the Allies that they regarded the demand as an illegitimate interference with the internal affairs of Sweden. The Swedes attempted to maintain their rights to sovereignty by pointing to international law. The driving force behind the demands .the USA.had no understanding for the Swedish point of view. In order to change the Swedish attitude the Americans carried through retaliatory actions such as blacklisting Swedish firms, which had had commercial connections with Germany during the war and used threats or economic sanctions. The most important result of the treaty in Washington was that the German firms stayed in Swedish handsand that the right for the Swedes to liquidate them were acknowledged by the Western Powers. The major part of the process of liquidating and selling coincided with and was influenced by the intense political conflict in the Swedish society and parliament 1946-1948 concerning the future organisation of the economy. The Social Democrat government put forward the idea of planned economy and suggested a nationalization of the German firms. The unexpected economic problems of the early postwar years and the changed conditions of competition proved nationalization less favorable. The only German firms that became nationalized were some of the mining companies. In this situation the Social Democrat governement attempted a cooperative solution as an alternative to nationalization of some of the German firms. The majority of the German firms were however sold to public buyers. The governement’s choice of purchasers was greatly influenced by their concerns for the maintaining of competi­tion and for Swedish export. There was also a fear of foreign trusts and cartels trying to acquire the German firms. The elimination of the German firms can also be said to have played a part in a process aimed at building up the economy of Western Europe according to American organisational principles. Most of the prospective foreign buyers, however, withdrew considering the risk of a future nationalization. Despite different views on nationaliza­tion there was a strong accord between the Social Democrat government and most of the leaders of the Swedish industry concerning the matter of how to avoid the sale of the German firms promoting monopoly within Sweden. Many things indicate that German firms thus became pawns also in a struggle for power inside the Swedish economy.digitalisering@um

Verstaatlichung oder Privatbesitz? : die Auflösung der deutschen Unternehmen in Schweden nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg

digitalisering@um

Verstaatlichung oder Privatbesitz? : die Auflösung der deutschen Unternehmen in Schweden nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg

digitalisering@um

Samhälle och ekonomi : en ekonomisk-historisk översikt över de senate tvåhundra årens sociala och ekonomiska utveckling i Europa: del 1

digitalisering@um

Samhälle och ekonomi : en ekonomisk-historisk översikt över de senate tvåhundra årens sociala och ekonomiska utveckling i Europa: del 1

digitalisering@um