Incorporación de lino en la dieta de bovinos y su efecto sobre la calidad de la carne y performance productiva

La calidad de la carne se define en función de su composición, teniendo en cuenta los elementos nutritivos que cubren las distintas necesidades nutricionales, y de los factores de palatabilidad tales como aspecto, olor, firmeza, jugosidad, terneza y sabor. La probable implicancia de las grasas en los desórdenes cardiovasculares ha contribuido a la disminución de su consumo y las técnicas agrícolas modernas, han sido causa de esta pérdida de calidad nutricional siendo el sistema de producción uno de los principales factores que pueden modificar estos parámetros. Además, se ha observado que existe un efecto de la raza utilizada sobre algunos de los parámetros de calidad. Es posible modificar a través de la dieta la composición de los ácidos grasos de la grasa intramuscular, en un sentido favorable para la salud, utilizando por ejemplo fuentes lipídicas complementarias. El objetivo general de la tesis fue determinar el efecto de la inclusión de lino procesado en la dieta de terminación de novillos de diferente tipo genético, recriados con alimentación pastoril, y su efecto sobre la calidad de la carne y la performance productiva de los animales. Se alimentaron novillos de distintos tipos genéticos hasta su terminación exclusivamente con pasto o a corral con una dieta diferenciada por la inclusión de semillas de lino extruido comparada con una dieta típica de engorde a corral. Los resultados permitieron concluir que la inclusión de lino extruido mejoró la relación ω6/ω3, de interés sobre la salud humana. Se observó el efecto del tipo genético de las cruzas Wagyu que evidenciaron mayor veteado y mayores niveles de AGMI, además tuvieron más extracto etéreo en engorde a corral. La inclusión de lino en la dieta no tuvo efectos indeseables sobre la performance productiva ni su calidad sensorial.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Cholesterol impairment contributes to neuroserpin aggregation

Intraneural accumulation of misfolded proteins is a common feature of several neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and Familial Encephalopathy with Neuroserpin Inclusion Bodies (FENIB). FENIB is a rare disease due to a point mutation in neuroserpin which accelerates protein aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here we show that cholesterol depletion induced either by prolonged exposure to statins or by inhibiting the sterol regulatory binding-element protein (SREBP) pathway also enhances aggregation of neuroserpin proteins. These findings can be explained considering a computational model of protein aggregation under non-equilibrium conditions, where a decrease in the rate of protein clearance improves aggregation. Decreasing cholesterol in cell membranes affects their biophysical properties, including their ability to form the vesicles needed for protein clearance, as we illustrate by a simple mathematical model. Taken together, these results suggest that cholesterol reduction induces neuroserpin aggregation, even in absence of specific neuroserpin mutations. The new mechanism we uncover could be relevant also for other neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein aggregation.Comment: 7 figure

Contrasting styles of (U)HP rock exhumation along the Cenozoic Adria-Europe plate boundary (Western Alps, Calabria, Corsica)

Since the first discovery of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) rocks 30 years ago in the Western Alps, the mechanisms for exhumation of (U)HP terranes worldwide are still debated. In the western Mediterranean, the presently accepted model of synconvergent exhumation (e.g., the channel-flow model) is in conflict with parts of the geologic record. We synthesize regional geologic data and present alternative exhumation mechanisms that consider the role of divergence within subduction zones. These mechanisms, i.e., (i) the motion of the upper plate away from the trench and (ii) the rollback of the lower plate, are discussed in detail with particular reference to the Cenozoic Adria-Europe plate boundary, and along three different transects (Western Alps, Calabria-Sardinia, and Corsica-Northern Apennines). In the Western Alps, (U)HP rocks were exhumed from the greatest depth at the rear of the accretionary wedge during motion of the upper plate away from the trench. Exhumation was extremely fast, and associated with very low geothermal gradients. In Calabria, HP rocks were exhumed from shallower depths and at lower rates during rollback of the Adriatic plate, with repeated exhumation pulses progressively younging toward the foreland. Both mechanisms were active to create boundary divergence along the Corsica-Northern Apennines transect, where European southeastward subduction was progressively replaced along strike by Adriatic northwestward subduction. The tectonic scenario depicted for the Western Alps trench during Eocene exhumation of (U)HP rocks correlates well with present-day eastern Papua New Guinea, which is presented as a modern analog of the Paleogene Adria-Europe plate boundary

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles promote arrhythmias via a direct interaction with rat cardiac tissue

BackgroundIn light of recent developments in nanotechnologies, interest is growing to better comprehend the interaction of nanoparticles with body tissues, in particular within the cardiovascular system. Attention has recently focused on the link between environmental pollution and cardiovascular diseases. Nanoparticles <50 nm in size are known to pass the alveolar¿pulmonary barrier, enter into bloodstream and induce inflammation, but the direct pathogenic mechanisms still need to be evaluated. We thus focused our attention on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, the most diffuse nanomaterial in polluted environments and one generally considered inert for the human body.MethodsWe conducted functional studies on isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes exposed acutely in vitro to TiO2 and on healthy rats administered a single dose of 2 mg/Kg TiO2 NPs via the trachea. Transmission electron microscopy was used to verify the actual presence of TiO2 nanoparticles within cardiac tissue, toxicological assays were used to assess lipid peroxidation and DNA tissue damage, and an in silico method was used to model the effect on action potential.ResultsVentricular myocytes exposed in vitro to TiO2 had significantly reduced action potential duration, impairment of sarcomere shortening and decreased stability of resting membrane potential. In vivo, a single intra-tracheal administration of saline solution containing TiO2 nanoparticles increased cardiac conduction velocity and tissue excitability, resulting in an enhanced propensity for inducible arrhythmias. Computational modeling of ventricular action potential indicated that a membrane leakage could account for the nanoparticle-induced effects measured on real cardiomyocytes.ConclusionsAcute exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles acutely alters cardiac excitability and increases the likelihood of arrhythmic events

Impacto del COVID-19 en la demanda mundial de petróleo.

En la actualidad, el mundo está atravesando una de las situaciones más difíciles de toda su historia generada por una enfermedad llamada Covid-19, en donde miles de personas perdieron la vida y otras tantas siguen luchando por ella. Por lo expuesto anteriormente, consideramos interesante realizar el presente trabajo demostrando analítica y descriptivamente el impacto ocasionado por la pandemia en la demanda del petróleo en el mundo y en Argentina. Para abordar nuestro propósito, el lector podrá realizar un recorrido sobre las diferentes secciones que comprenden la presente obra. La primera parte contará con un desarrollo teórico donde se explicará que es y para que su utiliza el petróleo, analizando sus procesos y principales productos derivados. Luego nos centraremos en la interacción entre la oferta y la demanda junto a sus determinantes, los cuales inciden de forma directa en el precio de mercado del crudo. La segunda sección contará con un desarrollo en el plano internacional donde expondremos los países que cuentan con mayor nivel de reservas de petróleo y la evolución histórica del precio del barril. Posteriormente, centraremos nuestro análisis en el impacto del COVID-19 en la demanda y explicaremos las causas y consecuencias de la crisis ocurrida en el año 2020 en el sector, producto de una guerra de precios. En la tercera sección enfocaremos nuestro análisis en el sector petrolero local, detallando las principales cuencas y empresas productoras, pero focalizando nuestra investigación en el impacto que tuvo el COVID-19 sobre la demanda y el precio del barril criollo. Por último, se manifestarán los comentarios finales sobre la presente tesina

Identification and Characterization of SOG1 (Suppressor of Gamma-Response 1) Homologues in Plants using Data Mining Resources and Gene Expression Profiling

SOG1 (Suppressor of gamma response 1) is the master-regulator of plant DNA damage response (DDR), a highly coordinated network of DNA damage sensors, transducers, mediators, and effectors, with highly coordinated activities. SOG1 transcription factor belongs to the NAC/NAM protein family, containing the well-conserved NAC domain and five serine-glutamine (SQ) motifs, preferential targets for phosphorylation by ATM and ATR. So far, the information gathered for the SOG1 function comes from studies on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To expand the knowledge on plant-specific DDR, it is opportune to gather information on other SOG1 orthologues. The current study identified plants where multiple SOG1 homologues are present and evaluated their functions by leveraging the information contained in publicly available transcriptomics databases. This analysis revealed the presence of multiple SOG1 sequences in thirteen plant species, and four (Medicago truncatula, Glycine max, Kalankoe fedtschenkoi, Populus trichocarpa) were selected for gene expression data mining based on database availability. Additionally, M. truncatula seeds and seedlings exposed to treatments known to activate DDR pathways were used to evaluate the expression profiles of MtSOG1a and MtSOG1b. The experimental workflow confirmed the data retrieved from transcriptomics datasets, suggesting that the SOG1 homologues have redundant functions in different plant species

Identification and Characterization of SOG1 (Suppressor of Gamma Response 1) Homologues in Plants Using Data Mining Resources and Gene Expression Profiling

SOG1 (Suppressor of the Gamma response 1) is the master-regulator of plant DNA damage response (DDR), a highly coordinated network of DNA damage sensors, transducers, mediators, and effectors, with highly coordinated activities. SOG1 transcription factor belongs to the NAC/NAM protein family, containing the well-conserved NAC domain and five serine-glutamine (SQ) motifs, preferential targets for phosphorylation by ATM and ATR. So far, the information gathered for the SOG1 function comes from studies on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To expand the knowledge on plant-specific DDR, it is opportune to gather information on other SOG1 orthologues. The current study identified plants where multiple SOG1 homologues are present and evaluated their functions by leveraging the information contained in publicly available transcriptomics databases. This analysis revealed the presence of multiple SOG1 sequences in thirteen plant species, and four (Medicago truncatula, Glycine max, Kalankoe fedtschenkoi, Populus trichocarpa) were selected for gene expression data mining based on database availability. Additionally, M. truncatula seeds and seedlings exposed to treatments known to activate DDR pathways were used to evaluate the expression profiles of MtSOG1a and MtSOG1b. The experimental workflow confirmed the data retrieved from transcriptomics datasets, suggesting that the SOG1 homologues have redundant functions in different plant species