Does the Standard Model of Particle Physics Suffer from a Mass Problem?

In the Standard Model of particle physics massive fermions (quarks and leptons) and bosons (W^+-, Z^o, H^o) are needed. However, the logic of nature requires that the universe emerged out of the vacuum and therefore all elementary particles should be massless. To test, whether this requirement is consistent with the mass structure of the Standard Model, corresponding mesonic states as well as the systems Z^o(91.2~GeV), W^+-(80.4~GeV) and 0^+(126~GeV) have been investigated in a unified theory of all forces including gravity, in which all needed parameters are constrained by basic boundary conditions. The results show indeed that for these states all basic boundary conditions are fulfilled. Thus, the quarks and massive bosons of the Standard Model should be interpreted as effective particles composed of massless elementary fermions and bosons, in full agreement with the structure of the universe

Fundamental Bound State Description of light Atoms and the fine structure constant α ∼ 1/137

Based on a QED like Lagrangian, in which the fermions are dressed by photons, a ”complete” bound state description of p−e− and e+−e− systems is presented, in which no external parameter is needed. With a quantum condition linear in the radius, the deduced binding energies are consistent with Coulomb energies and radii in general agreement with other work. The sum of partial coupling strengths is in agreement with the electric coupling constant α ∼1/137, showing that this important quantity can be understood from first principles

Mass of the Universe from a Fundamental Quantum Description

Within a fundamental quantum theory, in which gravitation is described by magnetic binding of hadron-lepton pairs, the mechanisms responsible to the development of the universe are well understood. The Solar system has been found to be a stable bound state with a present distance from the center of the universe of about 1200 Mpc. Using this result, the radius of the universe, which comprises essentially all matter, is estimated to be about 1800 Mpc. The total mass is given by the accumulated mass, before the early gravitational system became destabilized by CP-violating processes. Consistent with the known energy-density of the universe a mass of about 4 10^{78} GeV/c^2 (sim 4 10^{21} Solar masses) is obtained. Further, from the present temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) of 2.73 K an annihilation radius in the order of 1 mm is obtained (for absorption of a fraction of 10^{-4} and 10^{-5} of the total annihilation energy)

Exploring dynamic localization with a Bose-Einstein condensate

We report on the experimental observation of dynamic localization of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a shaken optical lattice, both for sinusoidal and square-wave forcing. The formulation of this effect in terms of a quasienergy band collapse, backed by the excellent agreement of the observed collapse points with the theoretical predictions, suggests the feasibility of systematic quasienergy band engineering.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Resonant tunneling of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices

In this article, we present theoretical as well as experimental results on resonantly enhanced tunneling of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices both in the linear case and for small nonlinearities. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of condensates in optical lattices for simulating Hamiltonians originally used for describing solid state phenomena.Comment: New J. Phys., in pres

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe