Angelo Di Berardino (dir.), avec la collab. de Thomas C. Oden, Joel C. Elowsky et James Hoover, Encyclopedia of Ancient Christianity

Entre 1983 et 1988, l’Istituto Patristico Augustinianum faisait paraître, sous la direction d’A. Di Berardino, les trois volumes (1 : A-F ; 2 : G-Z ; 3 : Atlante patristico, indici) de la première édition de son Dizionario patristico e di Antichità cristiane = DPAC (Casale Monferrato/Gênes, Marietti). Sans remplacer totalement les très grands dictionnaires encyclopédiques antérieurs (en premier lieu le Dictionnaire d’archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie, mais aussi le Dictionnaire de théolog..

Dénombrement de cellules végétales par vison artificielle

Compter des cellules de plantes en suspension n'est pas un domaine très exploré. Les cellules sont très complexes, ces cellules sont encore comptées à la main. Le but de ce projet est de compter des cellules végétales d'Eschscholtzia californica cultivées en bioréacteur. Les cellules sont comptées dans des échantillons de suspension liquide pour en évaluer la concentration. Tout au long de cette recherche, trois problèmes ont été identifiés et ont dû être résolus, soit le manque de caractéristiques distinctives, la segmentation des objets et l'estimation du nombre de cellules dans un amas. Le manque de caractéristiques est propre aux cellules végétales en suspension. L'utiliation de plusieurs opérateurs combinés a permit de reconnaitre les cellules isolées. Afin de rendre la segmentation robuste, l'arrière-plan est extrait à l'aide de dix photos disponibles et est ensuite soustrait de l'image à traiter. Les amas présentent un problème important. Prendre des images et ensuite compter les cellules de façon exacte s'est avéré très difficile. L'hypothèse fut posée que l'estimation de cinq chercheurs expérimentés servirait de référence. L'estimation du nombre de cellules dans les amas est estimée par volume. L'utilisation de la révolution de solide permet d'extraire la troisième dimension des amas. Ce volume est ensuite divisé par le volume d'une cellule libre qui est estimé comme étant un ovoïde. Les résultats se rapprochent des comptes de chercheurs expérimentés avec une erreur moyenne de l'ordre de 12 à 15 pourcent et apportent une constance dans les évaluations des taux de croissance. Afin d'augmenter la précision, plusieurs recommandations simples telle la recherche de nouveaux critères et l'amélioration du matériel peuvent être suivies. En attendant, une interface interactive peut être utilisée pour contrer le manque de robustesse de l'outil développé

The First Provenance Challenge

The first Provenance Challenge was set up in order to provide a forum for the community to help understand the capabilities of different provenance systems and the expressiveness of their provenance representations. To this end, a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging workflow was defined, which participants had to either simulate or run in order to produce some provenance representation, from which a set of identified queries had to be implemented and executed. Sixteen teams responded to the challenge, and submitted their inputs. In this paper, we present the challenge workflow and queries, and summarise the participants contributions

CubeSpec, A Mission Overview

CubeSpec is an in-orbit demonstration CubeSat mission in the ESA technology programme, developed and funded in Belgium. The goal of the mission is to demonstrate high-spectral-resolution astronomical spectroscopy from a 6-unit CubeSat. The prime science demonstration case for the in-orbit demonstration mission is to unravel the interior of massive stars using asteroseismology by high-cadance monitoring of the variations in spectral line profiles during a few months. The technological challenges are numerous. The 10x20cm aperture telescope and echelle spectrometer have been designed to fit in a 10x10x20cm volume. Under low-Earth orbit thermal variations, maintaining the fast telescope focus and spectrometer alignment is achieved via an athermal design. Straylight rejection and thermal shielding from the Sun and Earth infrared flux is achieved via deploying Earth and Sunshades. The narrow spectrometer slit requires arcsecond-level pointing stability using a performant 3-axis wheel stabilised attitude control system with star tracker augmented with a fine beam steering mechanism controlled in closed loop with a guiding sensor. The high cadence, long-term monitoring requirement of the mission poses specific requirements on the orbit and operational scenarios to enable the required sky visibility. CubeSpec is starting the implementation phase, with a planned launch early 2024

Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought, but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here, we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child’s spontaneous use of labels during a visually presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory

Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought, but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here, we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child’s spontaneous use of labels during a visually presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory

Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution—individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic.Peer reviewe

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic (vol 13, 517, 2022) : National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic (Nature Communications, (2022), 13, 1, (517), 10.1038/s41467-021-27668-9)

Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022.In this article the author name ‘Agustin Ibanez’ was incorrectly written as ‘Augustin Ibanez’. The original article has been corrected.Peer reviewe

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic.

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics