COMPORTAMENTO DE CONSUMO SUSTENTÁVEL - SLOW FASHION NO BRASIL: SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR: SLOW FASHION IN BRAZIL

The interest in social justice and sustainability issues in the fashion industry has grown exponentially in recent years, given the concern for the worldwide preservation of the natural goods that remain on the earth and the valorization of professionals in the production chain. Slow fashion emerges as a relevant movement in this context. It seeks to slow down the mass industrial production of the fashion area that is currently known by overriding the valuing of quality and people who work throughout the production chain to the detriment of quantity and exploitation of natural resources. This paper aims to verify whether the five dimensions of the Consumer Orientation to Slow Fashion (COSF) scale fit satisfactorily to Brazil and then draw profiles of slow fashion product consumption in this exact scenario. Thus, we planned and applied a virtual questionnaire using the COSF scale with 414 volunteers from Brazil. We treated the collected data by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, k-means, structural equation modeling, and analysis of variance. As a result, we observed that the COSF scale did not thoroughly adjust to the Brazilian context. Thus, we identified three orientation profiles for slow fashion consumption: averse to exclusivity, highly, and low orientation.El interés por temas de justicia social y sostenibilidad en la industria de la moda ha crecido exponencialmente en los últimos años, dada la preocupación por la preservación global de los bienes naturales que quedan en la tierra y el reconocimiento de los profesionales de la cadena productiva. El slow fashion surge como un movimiento relevante en este contexto. Se busca frenar la producción industrial masiva en el sector de la moda. Este artículo tiene como objetivo verificar si las cinco dimensiones de la escala Orientación del Consumidor a la Moda Slow (COSF) se ajustan satisfactoriamente a Brasil y luego delinear perfiles de consumo de productos de moda Slow en ese escenario exacto. Por ello, planificamos y aplicamos un cuestionario virtual utilizando la escala COSF con 414 voluntarios de Brasil. Los datos fueron tratados mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, k-medias, modelado de ecuaciones estructurales y análisis de varianza. Como resultado, observamos que la escala COSF no se ajustó completamente al contexto brasileño. Así, identificamos tres perfiles de orientación para el consumo de moda Slow.O interesse pelas questões de justiça social e sustentabilidade na indústria da moda tem crescido exponencialmente nos últimos anos, dada a preocupação com a preservação mundial dos bens naturais que permanecem na terra e a valorização dos profissionais da cadeia produtiva. O Slow fashion surge como um movimento relevante neste contexto. Busca desacelerar a produção industrial em massa da área da moda que hoje é conhecida por passar por cima da valorização da qualidade e das pessoas que atuam em toda a cadeia produtiva em detrimento da quantidade e da exploração dos recursos naturais. Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar se as cinco dimensões da escala de Orientação do Consumidor para Slow fashion (COSF) se ajustam satisfatoriamente ao Brasil e então traçar perfis de consumo de produtos Slow fashion neste exato cenário. Assim, planejamos e aplicamos um questionário virtual utilizando a escala COSF com 414 voluntários do Brasil. Os dados coletados foram tratados por análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, k-médias, modelagem de equações estruturais e análise de variância. Como resultado, observamos que a escala COSF não se ajustou completamente ao contexto brasileiro. Assim, identificamos três perfis de orientação para o consumo Slow fashion: averso à exclusividade, alta e baixa orientação

Proposta de segmentação de mercado com base no consumo de Moda endossado por influenciadores digitais

Market segmentation consists of defining sociodemographic and consumption attributes of potential customers of a company/brand. These elements will guide product development and marketing actions. Considering the scope of the Fashion industry, such segmentations are strictly necessary as organizations manage to devise strategies and deliver quality products and experiences. In this context, one of the contemporary strategies is using digital influencers (DI) to generate value for the customer. Such endorsements can be explained from four dimensions: reliability, experience, style/attractiveness, and parasocial relationship. Thus, this paper aims to propose a segmentation based on these dimensions and how they intersect with the purchase intention endorsed by DI. With that, 103 individuals were questioned, and the k-means clustering technique was used to generate consumption groups. It was possible to perceive three groups, called: “sweet and sassy,” “perfect rhythm,” and “involving,” with low, medium, and high purchase intention, respectively.La segmentación del mercado consiste en definir los atributos sociodemográficos y de consumo de los clientes potenciales de una empresa/marca. Estos elementos guiarán el desarrollo del producto y las acciones de marketing. Pensando en el alcance de la industria de la Moda, tales segmentaciones son estrictamente necesarias, ya que las organizaciones logran diseñar estrategias y entregar productos y experiencias de calidad. En este contexto, una de las estrategias contemporáneas es el uso de influencers digitales (ID) para generar valor para el cliente. Dichos respaldos pueden explicarse desde cuatro dimensiones: confiabilidad, experiencia, estilo/atractivo y relación parasocial. Así, este artículo pretende proponer una segmentación en base a estas dimensiones y cómo se cruzan con la intención de compra avalada por los ID. Con ello, se interrogó a 103 individuos y se utilizó la técnica de clustering k-means, con el fin de generar grupos de consumo. Fue posible percibir tres grupos, denominados: “dulce y maltratado”, “ritmo perfecto” y “envolvente”, con intención de compra baja, media y alta, respectivamente.A segmentação de mercado consiste na definição de atributos sociodemográficos e de consumo de potenciais clientes de uma empresa/marca. Estes elementos irão orientar as ações de desenvolvimento de produto e marketing. Pensando no alcance da indústria da Moda, tais segmentações fazem-se estritamente necessárias, à medida que as organizações conseguem traçar estratégias e entregar produtos e experiências com qualidade. Nesse contexto, uma das estratégias contemporâneas é a utilização de influenciadores digitais (ID) para gerar valor para o cliente. Tais endossos podem ser explicados a partir de quatro dimensões: confiabilidade, experiência, estilo/atratividade e relação parassocial. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo propor uma segmentação com base nestas dimensões e como elas se intersectam com a intenção de compra endossado por ID. Com isso, questionou-se 103 indivíduos e empregou-se a técnica de clusterização por k-means, de modo a gerar os grupos de consumo. Foi possível perceber três grupos, denominados de: “meiga e abusada”, “ritmo perfeito” e “envolvente”, com baixa, média e alta intenção de compra, respectivamente

Access to Oral Health Actions According to Social and Individual Determinants

Objective: To investigate the socioeconomic, demographic and health needs that influence the access to oral health actions. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 609 individuals who lived in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy in a city of the Northeast of Brazil. All individuals living in areas covered by the FHS with age equal to or higher than six years were included. Data analysis included descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics using decision-tree based Chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID). Results: Most participants were female, aged 25-34 years, ranging in age from 6 to 87 years. It was evidenced that, among the studied variables, the most relevant for understanding the access to oral health actions were: age (p<0.001), educational level (p-value in Node 1 = 0.009; p-value in Node 7 = 0.005) and self-perception of oral health (p=0.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that access to oral health actions is influenced by several social and individual factors, and it is marked by inequalities that favor individuals with higher educational level, better self-perception of oral health and lower age groups

Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on inflammatory, leptin, IgA, and lipid peroxidation responses in obese males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with amoderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males. Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers. Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-g levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-g levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-g/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions. Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-g/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune systemand lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session ofMICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

Isolated and combined effects of soil salinity and waterlogging in seedlings of ‘Green Dwarf’ coconut

Soil salinization is a problem commonly found in semi-arid regions. In addition, the problem of salinity is aggravated in clayey soils when accompanied by cycles of waterlogging in the rainy season or when excess irrigation is applied. In this work we evaluated the isolated and combined effects of soil salinity and waterlogging on the responses of young plants of ‘Green Dwarf’ coconut. The experiment was conducted under controlled environment in a complete randomized block design, arranged in split plots with five replications. The plots comprised five waterlogging cycles (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4), each with a duration of four days, and applied at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days into the experimental period, with the sub-plots consisting of five levels of soil salinity (1.70, 11.07, 16.44, 22.14 and 25.20 dS m-1). Response of coconut seedlings to waterlogging was dependent on the level of soil salinity, with waterlogging significantly impairing biomass accumulation and leaf expansion at low soil salinity levels, but causing no additional harm at elevated salinity. Leaf gas exchange was reduced mainly due to soil salinity, and this response was related to stomatal and non-stomatal effects. Seedlings of ‘Green Dwarf’ coconut used in this study were classified as moderately-tolerant to salinity when grown in soils with an electrical conductivity up to 11.07 dS m-1, having the potential to be used in revegetation programs of salt-affected areas, provided that these areas are not exposed to frequent waterlogging cycles

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in advanced gastric carcinoma

BACKGROUD: There is substantial evidence that infection with Helicobacter pylori plays a role in the development of gastric cancer and that it is rarely found in gastric biopsy of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. On advanced gastric tumors, the bacteria can be lost from the stomach. AIMS: To analyze the hypothesis that the prevalence of H.pylori in operated advanced gastric carcinomas and adjacent non-tumor tissues is high, comparing intestinal and diffuse tumors according to Lauren's classification METHODS: A prospective controlled study enrolled 56 patients from "Hospital Universitário", Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, with advanced gastric cancer, treated from February 2000 to March 2003. Immediately after partial gastrectomy, the resected stomach was opened and several mucosal biopsy samples were taken from the gastric tumor and from the adjacent mucosa within 4 cm distance from the tumor margin. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Lauren's classification for gastric cancer was used, to analyse the prevalence of H. pylori in intestinal or diffuse carcinomas assessed by the urease rapid test, IgG by ELISA and Giemsa staining. H. pylori infected patients were treated with omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin for 7 days. Follow-up endoscopy and serology were performed 6 months after treatment to determine successful eradication of H. pylori in non-tumor tissue. Thereafter, follow-up endoscopies were scheduled annually. Chi-square and MacNemar tests with 0.05 significance were used. RESULTS: Thirty-four tumors (60.7%) were intestinal-type and 22 (39.3%) diffuse type carcinomas. In adjacent non-tumor gastric mucosa, chronic gastritis were found in 53 cases (94.6%) and atrophic mucosa in 36 patients (64.3%). All the patients with atrophic mucosa were H. pylori positive. When examined by Giemsa and urease test, H. pylori positive rate in tumor tissue of intestinal type carcinomas was higher than that in diffuse carcinomas. In tumor tissues, 34 (60.7%) H. pylori-positive in gastric carcinomas were detected by Giemsa method. H. pylori was observed in 30 of 56 cases (53.5%) in tissues 4 cm adjacent to tumors. This difference was not significant. Eradication of H. pylori in non-tumor tissue of gastric remnant led to a complete negativity on the 12th postoperative month CONCLUSIONS: The data confirmed the hypothesis of a high prevalence of H. pylori in tumor tissue of gastric advanced carcinomas and in adjacent non-tumor mucosa of operated stomachs. The presence of H. pylori was predominant in the intestinal-type carcinoma.RACIONAL: Existe evidência de que a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori desempenha papel importante na causa do câncer gástrico e que é raramente encontrada em biopsias de gastrite atrófica e em tecido tumoral de câncer do estômago. Com a evolução para câncer gástrico avançado, a bactéria tende a desaparecer do tecido tumoral OBJETIVOS: Analisar a prevalência do H. pylori em peças operatórias de carcinomas gástricos avançados e no tecido adjacente aos tumores, comparando os tumores tipo intestinal e difuso de acordo com a classificação de Lauren MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo controlado incluiu 56 pacientes operados no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, com câncer gástrico avançado, entre fevereiro de 2000 e março de 2003. Imediatamente após a gastrectomia, a peça operatória foi aberta e foram feitas várias biopsias do tecido neoplásico e da mucosa adjacente a 4 cm da margem tumoral. Os tecidos formam processados e corados pela hematoxilina-eosina. Foi usada a classificação de Lauren para carcinoma gástrico. A infecção pelo H. pylori foi diagnosticada pelo teste da urease, dosagem de IgG por ELISA e histopatologia com coloração Giemsa. Os pacientes infectados pelo H. pylori foram tratados com omeprazol, claritromicina e amoxicilina por 7 dias. Após 6 meses, 1 ano e 2 anos, foi feito seguimento utilizando endoscopia, dosagem de IgG e teste da urease para avaliar o sucesso da erradicação do H. pylori e recidiva do tumor RESULTADOS: O carcinoma tipo intestinal ocorreu em 34 (60,7%) pacientes e 22 (39,3%) foram acometidos de carcinoma difuso. No tecido adjacente não-tumoral a gastrite crônica foi observada em 53 casos (94,6%) e mucosa atrófica em 36 pacientes (64,3%), todos H. pylori positivos. Exames pelo Giemsa e teste da urease revelaram maior prevalência de H. pylori positivo no tecido tumoral do carcinoma tipo intestinal do que no tipo difuso. Quando foi comparada a presença de H. pylori no tecido tumoral (60,7%), com a que ocorreu na mucosa gástrica adjacente ao carcinoma (53%), diferença foi insignificante. A erradicação do H. pylori resultou em negatividade completa no segundo ano de seguimento CONCLUSÕES: Os dados sugerem presença significante de H. pylori no tecido tumoral de carcinoma gástrico avançado e na mucosa adjacente de peças operatórias, predominando no carcinoma tipo intestinal, quando comparado com o tipo difuso

Águas com diferentes salinidades para cabras em lactação

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of supplying water with varying salinity levels to dairy goats on nutrient intake, apparent nutrient digestibility, and milk yield. The experiment lasted 65 days and involved 24 crossbred goats with mean body weight of 38±4 kg, which were randomly allotted. It was set in a completely randomized design with four treatments consisting of 640, 3188, 5740 and 8326 mg L?1 total dissolved solids (TDS) in the drinking water. The results showed that water salinity levels had no effect on the intake of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates, total digestible nutrients, metabolizable energy, digestible energy, or apparent nutrient digestibility. Water intake was influenced by the salinity, increasing as the salt level was increased. Moreover, the varying salinity had no significant effect on milk yield. Drinking water containing up to 8326 mg L?1 TDS provided no interference with the intake and nutrient digestibility of lactating goats in the feedlot. However, increasing the water salinity affects animal intake without any changes in milk yield. Therefore, this type of water can be used for crossbred goats at 30 days in milk, for up to 65 days in the feedlot.Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do fornecimento de água com diferentes salinidades sobre o consumo e digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e produção de leite de cabras leiteiras. O experimento teve duração de 65 dias, sendo utilizadas 24 cabras mestiças, com 38±4 kg de peso corporal, sorteadas e distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em quatro tratamentos contendo 640, 3.188, 5.740 e 8.326 mg l-1 de sólidos dissolvidos totais na água de beber. Os diferentes níveis de salinidade da água não influenciaram o consumo de matéria seca, fibra em detergente neutro, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, carboidratos totais, carboidratos não fibrosos, nutrientes digestíveis totais, energia metabolizável, energia digestível e digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes. O consumo de água ofertado sofreu influência dos teores de salinidade, elevando o consumo à medida que aumentava o nível salino. Os diferentes níveis de salinidade da água utilizadas no experimento não afetaram significativamente a produção de leite dos animais. Águas com até 8.326 mg l-1 de SDT não interferiram no consumo e na digestibilidade dos nutrientes de cabras em lactação em confinamentos. Entretanto, o incremento da salinidade da água afeta o seu consumo, sem afetar a produção de leite, portanto, esse tipo de água pode ser utilizado para cabras mestiças com 30 dias de lactação durante um período em até 65 dias de confinamento

Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on inflammatory, leptin, IgA, and lipid peroxidation responses in obese males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with amoderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males. Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers. Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-g levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-g levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-g/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions. Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-g/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune systemand lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session ofMICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved