Gestão ambiental de recursos hídricos e a hidroeletricidade no Brasil

The implementation of sustainable development as a paradigm to be conquested, has in getting energy one of the current  challenges. Among the forms of energy, electricity is one of the most used considering the potential for improved quality of life that the access to it propitiates. However, generating, transmitting and using electricity causes great social, environmental and/or economic impacts. In Brazil, due to its large hydroelectric potential, the energy matrix is based on hydroelectricity, however, obtaining power through this source can not be considered completely clean and free of any impacts quite the contrary, it causes numerous environmental, social and political problems. In order to promote sustainability, using hydroelectricity to obtain electric energy, you should reconsider how the multiple use of water needs to be managed. Therefore, it is necessary to think about water use in the context of environmental management committed to the use of natural resources, including water resources, that propitiates the promotion of the common good. A implantação do desenvolvimento sustentável como um paradigma a ser conquistado, tem na obtenção de energia um dos grandes desafios atuais. Dentre as formas de energia, a elétrica é uma das mais utilizadas tendo em vista o potencial de melhora da qualidade de vida que o acesso à mesma propicia. Entretanto, gerar, transmitir e usar a energia elétrica causa grandes impactos sociais, ambientais e/ou econômicos. No Brasil, devido ao seu grande potencial hidráulico, a matriz elétrica se fundamenta na hidroeletricidade, entretanto, a obtenção da energia elétrica por meio dessa fonte, não pode mais ser considerada totalmente limpa e isenta de quaisquer impactos, pois a mesma causa inúmeros problemas ambientais, sociais e políticos. Para que se promova a sustentabilidade, utilizando a hidroeletricidade para obtenção de energia elétrica, deve-se repensar a forma como o uso múltiplo da água precisa ser gerenciado. Logo, é necessário pensar no uso da água num contexto de gestão ambiental comprometida com o uso dos recursos naturais, dentre eles os recursos hídricos, que propicie a promoção do bem comum

A sustentabilidade no contexto da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica: implicações para o currículo

Um dos desafios que se evidencia no século atual é o de se criar sociedades ambientalmente, socialmente e economicamente sustentáveis. Esse desafio leva à necessidade de se estabelecer uma educação comprometida com mudanças de valores e de comportamentos. Este estudo de caráter exploratório visa identificar no contexto da Educação Profissional e tecnológica (EPT) brasileira as implicações que o paradigma da sustentabilidade traz para o currículo. Verifica-se que um currículo transformador que caminhe para a sustentabilidade deve priorizar uma mudança paradigmática, o que implica uma transformação de valores individuais e coletivos. Para tanto, deve ser pautado pela ética, promover a interdisciplinaridade e propiciar o entendimento das inter-relações entre as várias dimensões dos problemas sociais, ambientais e econômicos que são enfrentados na busca pela sustentabilidade. Esse currículo precisa assentar-se em formas de aprendizagem que permitam aos alunos desenvolverem seu senso crítico

Major discrepancy between clinical diagnosis of death and anatomopathological findings in adolescents with chronic diseases during 18-years

Objectives: To evaluate the inconsistency between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings in adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study including a sample of adolescents’ autopsies who died in a pediatric and adolescent tertiary hospital over 18 consecutive years. During this period, there were n = 2912 deaths, and n = 581/2912(20%) occurred in adolescents. Of these, n = 85/581(15%) underwent autopsies and were analyzed. Further results were divided into two groups: Goldman classes I or II (high disagreement between main clinical diagnosis of death and anatomopathological findings, n = 26) and Goldman classes III, IV or V (low or no disagreement between these two parameters, n = 59). Results: Median age at death (13.5 [10‒19] vs. 13 [10‒19] years, p = 0.495) and disease duration (22 [0‒164] vs. 20 [0‒200] months, p = 0.931), and frequencies for males (58% vs. 44%, p = 0.247) were similar between class I/II vs. class III/IV/V. The frequency of pneumonia (73% vs. 48%, p = 0.029), pulmonary abscess (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.026), as well as isolation of yeast (27% vs. 5%, p = 0.008), and virus (15% vs. 2%, p = 0.029) identified in the autopsy, were significantly higher in adolescents with Goldman class I/II compared to those with Goldman class III/IV/V. In contrast, cerebral edema was significantly lower in adolescents of the first group (4% vs. 25%, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study showed that 30% of the adolescents with chronic diseases had major discrepancies between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings. Pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, as well as isolation of yeast and virus were more frequently identified at autopsy findings in the groups with major discrepancies

Glucocorticoid: Major Factor for Reduced Immunogenicity of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine in Patients with Juvenile Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease

Objective. To assess the immunogenicity and safety of non-adjuvanted influenza A H1N1/2009 vaccine in patients with juvenile autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD) and healthy controls, because data are limited to the adult rheumatologic population. Method's. A total of 237 patients with juvenile ARD [juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), juvenile scleroderma, and vasculitis] and 91 healthy controls were vaccinated. Serology for anti-H1N1 was performed by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Seroprotection rate, seroconversion rate, and factor-increase in geometric mean titer (GMT) were calculated. Adverse events were evaluated. Results. Age was comparable in patients and controls (14.8 +/- 3.0 vs 14.6 +/- 3.7 years, respectively; p = 0.47). Three weeks after immunization, seroprotection rate (81.4% vs 95.6%; p = 0.0007), seroconversion rate (74.3 vs 95.6%; p < 0.0001), and the factor-increase in GMT (12.9 vs 20.3; p = 0.012) were significantly lower in patients with juvenile ARD versus controls. Subgroup analysis revealed reduced seroconversion rates in JSLE (p < 0.0001), JIA (p = 0.008), JDM (p = 0.025), and vasculitis (p = 0.017). Seroprotection (p < 0.0001) and GMT (p < 0.0001) were decreased only in JSLE. Glucocorticoid use and lymphopenia were associated with lower seroconversion rates (60.4 vs 82.9%; p = 0.0001; and 55.6 vs 77.2%; p = 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression including diseases, lymphopenia, glucocorticoid, and immunosuppressants demonstrated that only glucocorticoid use (p = 0.012) remained significant. Conclusion. This is the largest study to demonstrate a reduced but adequate immune response to H1N1 vaccine in patients with juvenile ARD. It identified current glucocorticoid use as the major factor for decreased antibody production. The short-term safety results support its routine recommendation for patients with juvenile ARD. ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01151644. (First Release Nov 15 2011; J Rheumatol 2012;39:167-73; doi:10.3899/jrheum.110721)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2010/10749-0]Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) [300248/2008-3, 300665/2009-1, 301411/2009-3, 300559/2009-7]Federico FoundationButantan Foundatio

Trajetórias da Educomunicação nas Políticas Públicas e a Formação de seus Profissionais

Esta obra é composta com os trabalhos apresentados no primeiro subtema, TRAJETÓRIA – Educação para a Comunicação como Política pública, nas perspectivas da Educomunicação e da Mídia-Educação, do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação. Os artigos pretendem propiciar trocas de informações e produzir reflexões com os leitores sobre os caminhos percorridos, e ainda a percorrer, tendo como meta a expansão e a legitimação das práticas educomunicativas e/ou mídia-educativas como política pública para o atendimento à formação de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos, no Brasil e no mundo

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio