Controles de gestão utilizados em cada fase do ciclo de vida das indústrias familiares têxteis

O artigo objetiva identificar os controles de gestão utilizados em cada fase do ciclo de vida das indústrias familiares do ramo têxtil da microrregião de Pinhalzinho (SC). A metodologia empregada na pesquisa foi descritiva, do tipo levantamento, com abordagem quantitativa. De um universo de 36 indústrias familiares do ramo têxtil, localizadas nos municípios de Pinhalzinho, Saudades, Nova Erechim, Modelo, Serra Alta e Sul Brasil, pesquisou-se uma amostra por acessibilidade de 28 empresas. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi o questionário estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas, o qual foi aplicado pelos pesquisadores em julho de 2007. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria das empresas se encontra na primeira geração sendo gerenciada pelo proprietário. A maior parte das empresas encontra-se na fase do ciclo de vida denominada Infância. Os resultados da pesquisa realizada corroboram os estudos de Adizes (1990) com relação ao perfil da gestão em cada fase do ciclo de vida da indústria familiar, bem como evidenciam a relação existente entre a evolução pelas fases com os controles de gestão utilizados. Palavras-chave: Controles de gestão. Fases do ciclo de vida. Indústrias têxteis familiares

ESTs and EST-linked polymorphisms for genetic mapping and phylogenetic reconstruction in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The guppy, <it>Poecilia reticulata</it>, is a well-known model organism for studying inheritance and variation of male ornamental traits as well as adaptation to different river habitats. However, genomic resources for studying this important model were not previously widely available.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>With the aim of generating molecular markers for genetic mapping of the guppy, cDNA libraries were constructed from embryos and different adult organs to generate expressed sequence tags (ESTs). About 18,000 ESTs were annotated according to BLASTN and BLASTX results and the sequence information from the 3' UTRs was exploited to generate PCR primers for re-sequencing of genomic DNA from different wild type strains. By comparison of EST-linked genomic sequences from at least four different ecotypes, about 1,700 polymorphisms were identified, representing about 400 distinct genes. Two interconnected MySQL databases were built to organize the ESTs and markers, respectively. A robust phylogeny of the guppy was reconstructed, based on 10 different nuclear genes.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our EST and marker databases provide useful tools for genetic mapping and phylogenetic studies of the guppy.</p

Вредные производственные факторы производства цемента

В статье проанализировано влияние вредных производственных факторов на работников цементных заводов, приведены статистические данные, охарактеризованы средства защиты от цементной пыли.The article analyzes the impact of harmful production factors on employees of cement plants, provides statistical data, and describes the means of protection from cement dust

Pré-natal tardio: motivos e intervenções de enfrentamento na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

A gravidez é uma experiência marcante na vida da mulher. É um período em que estão presentes grandes níveis de incerteza, ansiedade, medo, insegurança e expectativa. Embora seja um processo fisiológico, está cercado de valores culturais, sociais e emocionais. Objetivo: Reconhecer os fatores que levam as gestantes a iniciarem o pré-natal tardio. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, tendo como base de dados a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e suas indexações Lilacs e Medline período de 2012 a 2022, com os descritores “pré-natal”, “tardio”, “precoce” e “atenção primária à saúde”, de forma combinada, sendo selecionados os trabalhos que tratavam dos motivos que levavam as gestantes a não iniciar o pré-natal de forma precoce. Resultados e discussão: Foram encontrados cinco trabalhos nessas bases de dados que atendiam os critérios da pesquisa. Os dados obtidos nos trabalhos levantados evidenciam algumas condições que podem estar relacionadas ao início tardio do pré-natal. Os fatores levantados associados ao início tardio do pré-natal foram: atendimento por Unidades Básicas de Saúde no lugar de Unidades Saúde da Família; a cor da pele, renda, escolaridade e a negativa ou demora no agendamento de exames. Conclusão: A condição econômica é um dos fatores que influenciam no início tardio do pré-natal, fazendo com que mulheres que vivem em situações de fragilidade desfavoráveis e dependem do governo para realizar o pré-natal possuem maior risco de terem intercorrências durante a gravidez. Tal fato ressalta a importância de consultas nas unidades de saúde de alta qualidade, preferencialmente vinculadas à Estratégia Saúde da Família, garantindo um pré-natal seguro

Educational inequalities in diabetes mortality across Europe in the 2000s : the interaction with gender

To evaluate educational inequalities in diabetes mortality in Europe in the 2000s, and to assess whether these inequalities differ between genders. Data were obtained from mortality registries covering 14 European countries. To determine educational inequalities in diabetes mortality, age-standardised mortality rates, mortality rate ratios, and slope and relative indices of inequality were calculated. To assess whether the association between education and diabetes mortality differs between genders, diabetes mortality was regressed on gender, educational rank and 'gender x educational rank'. An inverse association between education and diabetes mortality exists in both genders across Europe. Absolute educational inequalities are generally larger among men than women; relative inequalities are generally more pronounced among women, the relative index of inequality being 2.8 (95 % CI 2.0-3.9) in men versus 4.8 (95 % CI 3.2-7.2) in women. Gender inequalities in diabetes mortality are more marked in the highest than the lowest educated. Education and diabetes mortality are inversely related in Europe in the 2000s. This association differs by gender, indicating the need to take the socioeconomic and gender dimension into account when developing public health policies.Peer reviewe

How Can Inequalities in Mortality Be Reduced? A Quantitative Analysis of 6 Risk Factors in 21 European Populations

Peer reviewe

The genome of the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata, and variation in the Guanapo population

For over a century, the live bearing guppy, Poecilia reticulata, has been used to study sexual selection as well as local adaptation. Natural guppy populations differ in many traits that are of intuitively adaptive significance such as ornamentation, age at maturity, brood size and body shape. Water depth, light supply, food resources and predation regime shape these traits, and barrier waterfalls often separate contrasting environments in the same river. We have assembled and annotated the genome of an inbred single female from a high-preda- tion site in the Guanapo drainage. The final assembly comprises 731.6 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 5.3 MB. Scaffolds were mapped to linkage groups, placing 95% of the genome assembly on the 22 autosomes and the X-chromosome. To investigate genetic variation in the population used for the genome assembly, we sequenced 10 wild caught male individu- als. The identified 5 million SNPs correspond to an average nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.0025. The genome assembly and SNP map provide a rich resource for investigating adap- tation to different predation regimes. In addition, comparisons with the genomes of other Poeciliid species, which differ greatly in mechanisms of sex determination and maternal resource allocation, as well as comparisons to other teleost genera can begin to reveal how live bearing evolved in teleost fish

Improved reference genome uncovers novel sex-linked regions in the Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available on open access from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this recordData availability: Population genomics data are available on ENA: Study: PRJEB10680 PCR-free data are available on ENA: Study PRJEB36450 Genome assembly is available on ENA ID: PRJEB36704; ERP119926 All scripts and pipelines are available on github: https://github.com/bfrasercommits/guppy_genomeTheory predicts that the sexes can achieve greater fitness if loci with sexually antagonistic polymorphisms become linked to the sex determining loci, and this can favour the spread of reduced recombination around sex determining regions. Given that sex-linked regions are frequently repetitive and highly heterozygous, few complete Y chromosome assemblies are available to test these ideas. The guppy system (Poecilia reticulata) has long been invoked as an example of sex chromosome formation resulting from sexual conflict. Early genetics studies revealed that male colour patterning genes are mostly but not entirely Y-linked, and that X-linkage may be most common in low predation populations. More recent population genomic studies of guppies have reached varying conclusions about the size and placement of the Y-linked region. However, this previous work used a reference genome assembled from short-read sequences from a female guppy. Here, we present a new guppy reference genome assembly from a male, using long-read PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT) and chromosome contact information. Our new assembly sequences across repeat- and GC-rich regions and thus closes gaps and corrects mis-assemblies found in the short-read female-derived guppy genome. Using this improved reference genome, we then employed broad population sampling to detect sex differences across the genome. We identified two small regions that showed consistent male-specific signals. Moreover, our results help reconcile the contradictory conclusions put forth by past population genomic studies of the guppy sex chromosome. Our results are consistent with a small Y-specific region and rare recombination in male guppies.Max Planck SocietyEuropean Research Council (ERC)Natural Environment Research Council (NERC

Negative and positive childhood experiences across developmental periods in psychiatric patients with different diagnoses – an explorative study

BACKGROUND: A high frequency of childhood abuse has often been reported in adult psychiatric patients. The present survey explores the relationship between psychiatric diagnoses and positive and negative life events during childhood and adulthood in psychiatric samples. METHODS: A total of 192 patients with diagnoses of alcohol-related disorders (n = 45), schizophrenic disorders (n = 52), affective disorders (n = 54), and personality disorders (n = 41) completed a 42-item self-rating scale (Traumatic Antecedents Questionnaire, TAQ). The TAQ assesses personal positive experiences (competence and safety) and negative experiences (neglect, separation, secrets, emotional, physical and sexual abuse, trauma witnessing, other traumas, and alcohol and drugs abuse) during four developmental periods, beginning from early childhood to adulthood. Patients were recruited from four Psychiatric hospitals in Germany, Switzerland, and Romania; 63 subjects without any history of mental illness served as controls. RESULTS: The amount of positive experiences did not differ significantly among groups, except for safety scores that were lower in patients with personality disorders as compared to the other groups. On the other side, negative experiences appeared more frequently in patients than in controls. Emotional neglect and abuse were reported in patients more frequently than physical and sexual abuse, with negative experiences encountered more often in late childhood and adolescence than in early childhood. The patients with alcohol-related and personality disorders reported more negative events than the ones with schizophrenic and affective disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings add evidence to the relationship between retrospectively reported childhood experiences and psychiatric diagnoses, and emphasize the fact that a) emotional neglect and abuse are the most prominent negative experiences, b) adolescence is a more 'sensitive' period for negative experiences as compared to early childhood, and c) a high amount of reported emotional and physical abuse occurs in patients with alcohol-related and personality disorders respectively