Apuntes sobre el paso de medio siglo (y algunas exposiciones)

An exhibition entitled ‘Structures Gonflables’ was held from the first to the thirty-first March 1968 at the Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris’s (at the time) new ARC (Animation, Recherche, Confrontation) Division . A few weeks after the detonation of the social movements that turned the streets of Paris into a platform for debate and confrontation, the multidisciplinary community ‘Utopie’, whose members were architects Jean Aubert, Jean-Paul Jungermann and Paul Stinco, together with Isabelle Auricoste, Catherine Cot, René Loureau and sociologists Jean Baudrillard and Hubert Tonka, curated an exhibition commissioned from Pierre Gaudibert.La exposicion “Structures Gonflables” presentada por el grupo frances Utopie en el inquieto Paris de fines de los anos sesenta instala la posibilidad de otra relacion entre la disciplina arquitectonica y el espacio del museo, algo lejana a la planteada por Rossi en la conferencia de 1966 “Architettura per i musei”. Antes que pulpito desde donde se senalan caminos, el museo es una arena de encuentros y cruces, en el que la arquitectura puede redefinirse y desplazar sus bordes. Es en estos anos de redefiniciones cuando se consolidan modelos como el DIY y se amplia la nocion de produccion arquitectonica y proyecto desde el edificio a medios como el film, el dibujo y el fotomontaje

Asymmetric Line Profiles in Dense Molecular Clumps Observed in MALT90: Evidence for Global Collapse

Using molecular line data from the Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz Survey (MALT90), we have searched the optically thick \hcop\, line for the "blue asymmetry" spectroscopic signature of infall motion in a large sample of high-mass, dense molecular clumps observed to be at different evolutionary stages of star cluster formation according to their mid-infrared appearance. To quantify the degree of the line asymmetry, we measure the asymmetry parameter $A = {{I_{blue}-I_{red}}\over{I_{blue}+I_{red}}}$, the fraction of the integrated intensity that lies to the blueshifted side of the systemic velocity determined from the optically thin tracer \nthp. For a sample of 1,093 sources, both the mean and median of $A$ are positive ($A = 0.083\pm0.010$ and $0.065\pm0.009$, respectively) with high statistical significance, and a majority of sources (a fraction of $0.607 \pm 0.015$ of the sample) show positive values of A, indicating a preponderance of blue-asymmetric profiles over red-asymmetric profiles. Two other measures, the local slope of the line at the systemic velocity and the $\delta v$ parameter of \citet{Mardones1997}, also show an overall blue asymmetry for the sample, but with smaller statistical significance. This blue asymmetry indicates that these high-mass clumps are predominantly undergoing gravitational collapse. The blue asymmetry is larger ($A \sim 0.12$) for the earliest evolutionary stages (quiescent, protostellar and compact H II region) than for the later H II region ($A \sim 0.06$) and PDR ($A \sim 0$) classifications

SCOPE : SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution - survey description and compact source catalogue

We present the first release of the data and compact-source catalogue for the JCMT Large Program SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution (SCOPE). SCOPE consists of 850 mu m continuum observations of 1235 Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) made with the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. These data are at an angular resolution of 14.4 arcsec, significantly improving upon the 353 GHz resolution of Planck at 5 arcmin, and allowing for a catalogue of 3528 compact sources in 558 PGCCs. We find that the detected PGCCs have significant sub-structure, with 61 per cent of detected PGCCs having three or more compact sources, with filamentary structure also prevalent within the sample. A detection rate of 45 per cent is found across the survey, which is 95 per cent complete to Planck column densities of N-H2 > 5 x10(21) cm(-2). By positionally associating the SCOPE compact sources with young stellar objects, the star formation efficiency, as measured by the ratio of luminosity to mass, in nearby clouds is found to be similar to that in the more distant Galactic Plane, with the column density distributions also indistinguishable from each other.Peer reviewe

The TOP-SCOPE Survey of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps : Survey Overview and Results of an Exemplar Source, PGCC G26.53+0.17

The low dust temperatures (<14 K) of Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) make them ideal targets to probe the initial conditions and very early phase of star formation. "TOP-SCOPE" is a joint survey program targeting similar to 2000 PGCCs in J = 1-0 transitions of CO isotopologues and similar to 1000 PGCCs in 850 mu m continuum emission. The objective of the "TOP-SCOPE" survey and the joint surveys (SMT 10 m, KVN 21 m, and NRO 45 m) is to statistically study the initial conditions occurring during star formation and the evolution of molecular clouds, across a wide range of environments. The observations, data analysis, and example science cases for these surveys are introduced with an exemplar source, PGCC G26.53+0.17 (G26), which is a filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC). The total mass, length, and mean line mass (M/L) of the G26 filament are similar to 6200 M-circle dot, similar to 12 pc, and similar to 500 M-circle dot pc(-1), respectively. Ten massive clumps, including eight starless ones, are found along the filament. The most massive clump as a whole may still be in global collapse, while its denser part seems to be undergoing expansion owing to outflow feedback. The fragmentation in the G26 filament from cloud scale to clump scale is in agreement with gravitational fragmentation of an isothermal, nonmagnetized, and turbulent supported cylinder. A bimodal behavior in dust emissivity spectral index (beta) distribution is found in G26, suggesting grain growth along the filament. The G26 filament may be formed owing to large-scale compression flows evidenced by the temperature and velocity gradients across its natal cloud.Peer reviewe

Long-term effects of temperatures on the physiological response of juveniles of the eurythermal sub-antarctic notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus

Eleginops maclovinus is a subantartic notothenic with eurythermal characteristics and potential for Chilean aquaculture. However, the information regarding their physiological response to long-term temperatures and optimum temperature range for physiological process is unknown. In the present study, we evaluated under experimental conditions, the long-term effects (60 days) of temperatures of 15 degrees C and high temperatures of 20 and 25 degrees C, (10 degrees C as control) on the physiology of E. maclovinus juveniles. At the end of the experimental period, survival was 36% at 25 degrees C and mortality started after 30 days, while at the other temperatures the survival was 100%. The growth and food intake did not present significant differences at 10, 15 and 20 degrees C, while at 25 degrees C growth decreased at day 15, to subsequently present a compensatory growth at day 30 and finally a decrease in growth and food intake at day 60. In general, the energy substrates in liver, gills, serum, and spleen showed a significant decrease at 25 degrees C, with a marked decrease in triglycerides, while white muscle presented an opposite pattern with an increase in total lipids and glycogen at 25 degrees C. Serum cortisol and ammonium increased at the higher temperature suggesting an increased metabolism. In the brain, high temperatures had a marked effect on monoamine neurotransmitters, with increased levels of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NAd). Fatty acids in white muscle were modulated by high temperatures. In general, saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased at higher temperatures, while for monounsaturated fatty acids only C20:1n9 showed a decrease at 25 degrees C. The most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids in white muscle were C22:6n3 (DHA) and C20:5n3 (EPA), which did not change at a higher temperature, while C20:4n6 (ARA) and C18:3n3 (ALA) showed an increase and a decrease at 25 degrees C, respectively. In conclusion, we suggest that E. maclovinus juveniles tolerate up to 20 degrees C, increasing their metabolism without negatively affecting their physiology, while a temperature of 25 degrees C or higher could be lethal in a long-term scenario