Structure, morbidity and prevalence rate of eye andadnexa diseases in Ukraine

Захворювання ока та його придаткового апарату (Н00–Н59) у населення України характеризуються щорічним зростанням інтенсивних показників. В структурі групи Н00–Н59 був проведений аналіз показників захворюваності та поширеності хвороб ока та його придаткового апарату (зокрема глаукоми) серед населення України в цілому та Вінницької області у період 2014–2016 рр. Протягом 2014–2016 рр. кількість звернень у лікувально-профілактичні заклади з приводу усіх хвороб поступово зростала (з 175654,0 у 2014 р. до 179101,6 на 100 тис. населення у 2016 р.) Найвищу кількість усіх зареєстрованих захворювань (в т.ч. вперше зареєстрованих випадків) на 100 тис. населення в Україні було зареєстровано у 2016 р. (172692,9). Результати аналізу частки населення працездатного віку в структурі загальної захворюваності, очних хвороб та глаукоми в Україні за період 2014–2016 рр. свідчать про те, що частота захворюваності на глаукому серед осіб працездатного віку (близько 21 %) є суттєво нижчою порівняно з непрацюючим населенням. Для хвороб ока та його придаткового апарату і усіх захворювань цей показник знаходиться в межах 77 % та 80 % відповідно. Виявлено збільшення показника вперше виявленої глаукоми у Вінницькій області, що диктує потребу в оптимізації надання медичної допомоги хворим офтальмологічного профілю та необхідність проведення своєчасної діагностики. Зроблено висновок про неналежну лікувально-профілактична діяльність закладів охорони здоров'я та недостатню увагу, що приділяється населенням власному здоров’ю. Diseases of the eye and its appendages (Н00-Н59) in the Ukrainian population are characterized by annual growth of the severity indicators. We conducted the analysis of indicators of morbidity and prevalence of eye diseases and appendages of the eye (including glaucoma) among the population of Ukraine as a whole and of the Vinnytsia region in 2014-2016 (within the structure of the group H00-H59). In 2014-2016, the number of references to treatment- and preventive institutions for all diseases was growing steadily (from 175 654.0 in 2014 to 179 101.6 per 100 thousand of the population in 2016). The highest number of all registered disease cases (including the first registered cases) per 100 thousand of the population of Ukraine was presented in 2016 (172 692.9). The results of the analysis of eye diseases and glaucoma in Ukraine in a working age population in the structure of general morbidity in 2014-2016 suggest that this indicator is significantly lower compared to the unemployed population. We revealed an increase of the indicator of the emergence glaucoma in the Vinnytsia region, which requires a strong need in optimization of medical care to patients of the ophthalmologic profile and timely diagnostics measures. We drew up a conclusion about inadequate medical and preventive activities taken by health care institutions and a lack of attention paid by individuals to their own health

Spike separation based on symmetries analysis in phase space

The present study introduces an approach for automatic classification of extracellularly recorded action potentials of neurons based on geometrical approach. Neuronal spikes are considered as geometrical objects, namely trajectories in phase space. It is shown that for spikes, generated by the same neuron, it is possible to find such a symmetry transformation under which their trajectories are invariant in phase space. On the other hand, the phase trajectories of spikes generated by other neurons change significantly under the action of that transformation. Thus, it is possible to define a special symmetry transformation that only typifies the spikes of the given neuron. The proposed algorithm is explained and an overview of the mathematical background is given. The method was tested on simulated data and showed good results in real experiments.Запропоновано підхід до автоматичної класифікації внутрішньокліткових потенціалів нейронів, заснований на геометричному підході. Нейронні спайки (викиди) розглядаються як геометричні об’єкти, а саме як траєкторії у фазовому просторі. Показано, що для спайків, згенерованих одним нейроном, можна знайти такі перетворення симетрії, под дією яких ці треєкторії інваріантні у фазовому просторі. З іншого боку, фазові траєкторії спайків, сгенерованих іншими нейронами, змінюються значною мырою під дією перетворень. Таким чином, можна ввести спеціальні перетворення сіметрії, які відповідають конкретному нейрону. Описано запропонований алгоритм та наведено огляд математичних основ методу. Метод тестовано за спеціальними даними, отримані позитивні результати

Rapid convergence of time-averaged frequency in phase synchronized systems

Numerical and experimental evidence is presented to show that many phase synchronized systems of non-identical chaotic oscillators, where the chaotic state is reached through a period-doubling cascade, show rapid convergence of the time-averaged frequency. The speed of convergence toward the natural frequency scales as the inverse of the measurement period. The results also suggest an explanation for why such chaotic oscillators can be phase synchronized.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figure

Affection, virtue, pleasure, and profit: Developing an understanding of friendship closeness and intimacy in western and Asian societies

The development of friendship understanding has rarely been explored from a cross-cultural perspective. In this study, children and adolescents from Iceland, China, Russia, and the former East Germany were investigated in one longitudinal and three cross-sectional samples. Children from three different Chinese ecologies were interviewed to account for within-culture variation. Participants were interviewed about friendship closeness and intimacy at ages 7, 9, 12, and 15 years. Their statements were scored according to (a) structural-developmental stages and (b) content aspects of friendship reasoning. Results reveal that the development of friendship reasoning of participants from all societies could be captured by the cognitive-structural stages and content categories developed in western cultures. At the same time, distinct cultural differences emerged, especially between the Russian and Chinese participants, on the one hand, and the Icelandic and East German participants, on the other hand. The within-China analyses reveal little differences for the content aspects of friendship understanding between the three ecologies, but differences in the cognitive-structural aspects of friendship reasoning were found. © 2008 The International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development

Measurement of dijet photoproduction for events with a leading neutron at HERA

Differential cross sections for dijet photoproduction and this process in association with a leading neutron, e+ + p -> e+ + jet + jet + X (+ n), have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 40 pb-1. The fraction of dijet events with a leading neutron was studied as a function of different jet and event variables. Single- and double-differential cross sections are presented as a function of the longitudinal fraction of the proton momentum carried by the leading neutron, xL, and of its transverse momentum squared, pT^2. The dijet data are compared to inclusive DIS and photoproduction results; they are all consistent with a simple pion-exchange model. The neutron yield as a function of xL was found to depend only on the fraction of the proton beam energy going into the forward region, independent of the hard process. No firm conclusion can be drawn on the presence of rescattering effects.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figure

Alignment of the CMS silicon tracker during commissioning with cosmic rays

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe CMS silicon tracker, consisting of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148 silicon strip detector modules, has been aligned using more than three million cosmic ray charged particles, with additional information from optical surveys. The positions of the modules were determined with respect to cosmic ray trajectories to an average precision of 3–4 microns RMS in the barrel and 3–14 microns RMS in the endcap in the most sensitive coordinate. The results have been validated by several studies, including laser beam cross-checks, track fit self-consistency, track residuals in overlapping module regions, and track parameter resolution, and are compared with predictions obtained from simulation. Correlated systematic effects have been investigated. The track parameter resolutions obtained with this alignment are close to the design performance.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

Commissioning and performance of the CMS pixel tracker with cosmic ray muons

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published verion of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe pixel detector of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment consists of three barrel layers and two disks for each endcap. The detector was installed in summer 2008, commissioned with charge injections, and operated in the 3.8 T magnetic field during cosmic ray data taking. This paper reports on the first running experience and presents results on the pixel tracker performance, which are found to be in line with the design specifications of this detector. The transverse impact parameter resolution measured in a sample of high momentum muons is 18 microns.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

Performance of the CMS drift-tube chamber local trigger with cosmic rays

The performance of the Local Trigger based on the drift-tube system of the CMS experiment has been studied using muons from cosmic ray events collected during the commissioning of the detector in 2008. The properties of the system are extensively tested and compared with the simulation. The effect of the random arrival time of the cosmic rays on the trigger performance is reported, and the results are compared with the design expectations for proton-proton collisions and with previous measurements obtained with muon beams