Dietary supplementation with hydrolyzed yeast and its effect on the performance, intestinal microbiota, and immune response of weaned piglets.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of autolyzed yeast on performance, cecal microbiota, and leukogram of weaned piglets. A total of 96 piglets of commercial line weaned at 21-day-old were used. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four treatments (diets containing 0.0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9% autolyzed yeast), eight replicates, and three animals per pen in order to evaluate daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed conversion in periods of 0 to 15, 0 to 26, and 0 to 36 days. Quadratic effects of autolyzed yeast inclusion were observed on the feed conversion from 0 to 15 days, on daily weight gain from 0 to 15 days, 0 to 26 days and, 0 to 36 days, indicating an autolyzed yeast optimal inclusion level between 0.4% and 0.5%. No effect from autolyzed yeast addition was observed on piglet daily feed intake, cecal microbiota, and leukogram; however, i.m. application of E. coli lipopolysaccharide reduced the values of total leukocytes and their fractions (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and rods). Therefore, autolyzed yeast when provided at levels between 0.4% and 0.5% improved weaned piglets’ performance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Benign external hydrocephalus: a review, with emphasis on management

Benign external hydrocephalus in infants, characterized by macrocephaly and typical neuroimaging findings, is considered as a self-limiting condition and is therefore rarely treated. This review concerns all aspects of this condition: etiology, neuroimaging, symptoms and clinical findings, treatment, and outcome, with emphasis on management. The review is based on a systematic search in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases. The search covered various forms of hydrocephalus, extracerebral fluid, and macrocephaly. Studies reporting small children with idiopathic external hydrocephalus were included, mostly focusing on the studies reporting a long-term outcome. A total of 147 studies are included, the majority however with a limited methodological quality. Several theories regarding pathophysiology and various symptoms, signs, and clinical findings underscore the heterogeneity of the condition. Neuroimaging is important in the differentiation between external hydrocephalus and similar conditions. A transient delay of psychomotor development is commonly seen during childhood. A long-term outcome is scarcely reported, and the results are varying. Although most children with external hydrocephalus seem to do well both initially and in the long term, a substantial number of patients show temporary or permanent psychomotor delay. To verify that this truly is a benign condition, we suggest that future research on external hydrocephalus should focus on the long-term effects of surgical treatment as opposed to conservative management

Addendum to ‘measurement of the tt̄ production cross-section using eμ events with b-tagged jets in pp collisions at √s= 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector’

The ATLAS measurement of the inclusive top quark pair (tt̄) cross-section σtt̄ in proton–proton collisions at √s=8 TeV has been updated using the final 2012 luminosity calibration. The updated cross-section result is: σtt¯=242.9±1.7±5.5±5.1±4.2pb, where the four uncertainties arise from data statistics, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, knowledge of the integrated luminosity and of the LHC beam energy. The result is consistent with theoretical QCD calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order. The measurement of the ratio of tt̄ cross-sections at √s=8 TeV and √s=7 TeV, and the √s=8 TeV fiducial measurement corresponding to the experimental acceptance of the leptons, have also been updated. The most precise measurement of the tt̄ cross-section (σtt̄) in proton–proton collisions at √s=8 TeV from the ATLAS Collaboration was made using events with an opposite-charge electron–muon pair and one or two b-tagged jets [1], and used a preliminary calibration of the integrated luminosity. The luminosity calibration has been finalised since [2] with a total uncertainty of 1.9%, corresponding to a substantial improvement on the previous uncertainty of 2.8%. Since the uncertainty on the integrated luminosity contributed 3.1% of the total 4.3% uncertainty on the σtt¯ measurement reported in [1], a significant improvement in the measurement is possible by using the new luminosity calibration, as documented in this Addendum. The new calibration corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb−¹ for the √s=8 TeV sample, a decrease of 0.2%. The cross-section was recomputed taking into account the effects on both the conversion of the tt¯ event yield to a cross-section, and the background estimates, giving a result of: σtt¯=242.9±1.7±5.5±5.1±4.2pb, where the four uncertainties arise from data statistics, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, knowledge of the integrated luminosity, and of the LHC beam energy, giving a total uncertainty of 8.8 pb (3.6 %). The result is consistent with the theoretical prediction of 252.9−14.5+13.3 pb, calculated at next-to-next-to-leading-order with next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic soft gluon terms with the top++ 2.0 program [3] as discussed in detail in Ref. [1]. The updated value of the ratio of cross-sections Rtt¯=σtt¯(8 TeV)/σtt¯(7 TeV) is: Rtt¯=1.328±0.024±0.015±0.038±0.001, with uncertainties defined as above, adding in quadrature to a total of 0.047. The largest uncertainty comes from the uncertainties on the integrated luminosities, considered to be uncorrelated between the √s=7 TeV and √s=8 TeV datasets. This result is 2.1σ below the expectation of 1.430±0.013 calculated from top++ 2.0 as discussed in Ref. [1]. The updated fiducial cross-sections, for a tt¯ decay producing an eμ pair within a given fiducial region, are shown in Table 1, updating Table 5 of Ref. [1]. The results are given both for the analysis requirements of pT>25GeV and |η|30GeV and |η|<2.4. They are given separately for the two cases where events with either one or both leptons coming from t→W→τ→ℓ rather than the direct decay t→W→ℓ(ℓ=e or μ) are included, or where the contributions involving τ decays are subtracted. The results shown for the √s=7 TeV data sample are unchanged with respect to those in Ref. [1]. The results for the top quark pole mass and limits on light supersymmetric top squarks presented in Ref. [1] are derived from √s=7 TeV and √s=8 TeV cross-section measurements taken together, and would be only slightly improved by the luminosity update described here

Addendum to ‘Measurement of the tt ¯ production cross-section using eµ events with b-tagged jets in pp collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector’

The ATLAS measurement of the inclusive top quark pair (tt ¯) cross-section σtt ¯ in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV has been updated using the final 2012 luminosity calibration. The updated cross-section result is: σtt ¯ = 242.9 ± 1.7 ± 5.5 ± 5.1 ± 4.2 pb, where the four uncertainties arise from data statistics, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, knowledge of the integrated luminosity and of the LHC beam energy. The result is consistent with theoretical QCD calculations at nextto-next-to-leading order. The measurement of the ratio of tt ¯ cross-sections at √s = 8 TeV and √s = 7 TeV, and the √s = 8 TeV fiducial measurement corresponding to the experimental acceptance of the leptons, have also been updated

Photoelastic Analysis of the Distribution of Stress in Different Systems of Overdentures on Osseous-Integrated Implants

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of generated stress around implants and adjacent bone tissue using different implant-retained overdenture designs through photoelastic analysis. Methods: Over an edentulous human mandible, achieved from a human model, 2 or 4 microunit analog abutments were embedded (Master; Conexao Systems Prosthodontics, Sao Paulo, Brazil), settled in the interforaminal region. Three models of photoelastic resin (Araltec Chemicals Ltda, Hunstman, Guarulhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil), with 2 or 4 incorporated implants and microunit abutments, were obtained from molds using silicone for duplication. Inclusion, finishing, and polishing procedures were applied on the frameworks. This study was based on 3 different mechanisms of implant-retained mandibular overdentures: O'ring (GI), bar-clip (GII) (both with 2 implants), and their association (GIII) (with 4 implants). After the adaptation of each overdenture system on the photoelastic models, 100-N alternate occlusal loads were applied on back-side and frontside regions. The photoelastic analysis was made with the aid of a plain polariscope linked to a digital camera, Sony Cybershot > 100, which allowed visualization of the fringes and registration of images on digital photographs. Results: The results demonstrated higher tension concentrated over the GIII, with a flat distribution of stress to the posterior ridge and overload on the posterior implants. GI showed the smaller stress level, and GII, intermediate level; there was distribution of stress to the posterior ridge in these 2 groups. Conclusion: The use of bar attachment proved to be a better alternative, because it showed a moderate level of tension with a more uniform stress distribution and possessed higher retention than did the ball system.22623322336State of Sao Paulo, Brazil [2005/03595-9]State of Sao Paulo, Brazil [2005/03595-9

Educação Integrada e PROEJA: diálogos possíveis

RESUMO:Educação Integrada e PROEJA: diálogos possíveis. O presente artigo busca retomar o desenvolvimento lógico e histórico da Educação Integrada, a partir de reflexões teórico-práticas desenvolvidas na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e na Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil. A reflexão pauta-se pela retomada do referencial teórico-conceitual de Trabalho, como princípio educativo, matriz do campo da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, numa perspectiva emancipatória, bem como pelo referencial freiriano de Educação de Jovens e Adultos, mediada pelo diálogo e pela construção coletiva de conhecimento. Por fim, a escolha deste caminho reflexivo quer destacar que a Educação Integrada, na efetivação do PROEJA em Goiás, é ao mesmo tempo conceito, experiência histórica e intencionalidade que se faz e se refaz e que faz e refaz os processos educativos empreendidos pela sociedade