A Comparative study of oxidant and Anti-oxidant parameters in Chronic Renal Failure, Haemodialysis (Pre &Post) and Controls

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is featured by a progressive decline of kidney function and is mainly caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. CKD is a complex disease due to cardiovascular complications and high morbidity; however, there is no single treatment to improve kidney function in CKD patients. Since biological markers representing oxidative stress are significantly elevated in CKD patients, oxidative stress is receiving attention as a contributing factor to CKD pathology. Aim of our study is comparison of oxidant and anti oxidant parameters in chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis (pre and post) and control subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on a patient group comprising of 50 patients diagnosed with CRF, 50 were pre hemodialysis, 50 were post hemodialysis (MHD). This patient group was compared to a healthy group including 100 controls. All the study participants were admitted in the department of Medicine [Nephrology department] at “Fathima Institute of Medical Sciences”, Kadapa. Andhra Pradesh. India. The obtained serum samples were used for biochemical analysis for estimating MDA, vitamin A and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). Conclusion: Our results reflects the primary mechanisms of oxidative stress and inflammation during hemodialysis which may cause of CVD development in hemodialysed patients

To study the organization of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and inflammatory marker CRP in acute myocardial infarction

There is an increasing incidence of coronary artery disease in India. We therefore need a tool to evaluate the severity and prognosis of this acute myocardial infarction. In acute myocardial infarction, the function of plaque rupture and inflammation has already been identified. Aim: To study the organization of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and inflammatory marker CRP in acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Material: Patients who have been diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction (ST Elevation Acute myocardial Infarction or Unstable angina/Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) and admitted to ICCU of Rajiv Gandhi institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, AP. are the subjects. Sample consists of 100 cases of acute myocardial infarction. Case history was taken from the patients, and studied according to proforma. Conclusion: Elevated levels of CRP are independent indicators of adverse effects. When contrast with the LDL / HDL ratio, CRP is used for risk stratification and as a prognostic predictor. These findings suggest that in patients with acute myocardial infarction, raised CRP Levels is significant as compared to LDL/HDL ratio

Exploited and potential resources of tunas of Lakshadweep

Oceanic species of tunas such as skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) constitute the major tuna resources taken from the Lakshadweep waters. They are being exploited from these islands by pole and line fishery. The paper detailed about the potential of tuna resources of Lakshadweep including the Strategies for future development

Present status of exploitation of fish and shellfish resources: Oil sardine

Present status of exploitation of fish and shellfish resources: Oil sardine Considerable fluctuations coupled with a general decline in the oil sardine landings have been observed along the southwest coast of India during 1984-85 to 198889. The catch and effort data for oilsardine fishery during the different seasons have revealed that premonsoon period is the most productive period for the fishery. The decline in the fishery is attributed to the indiscriminate exploitation of juveniles and potential spawners by purse seiners and ring seins. T he traditional &or has k e n a diversely affected by the operations of purse seines in recent years in northern Kerala Exploitation of spawning st& of oilsardine during the b d n g from May to September is of great consequences far the conservation of the resources. Even though good m o n soon is most likely to have a positive Impact on the stock size and facilitate spawning and recruitment, the likely advantage is offset by Indiscreminate exploitation. Regulation of mesh size of boat seines and restricting the operations of purse and ring seine are expecteded to restore the fishery to its preeminent position and protect the interests of the traditional sector

Stock assessment of oil sardine, Sardinello longiceps Val., off west coast of India

The oil sanline contributes nearly 15% of the total annual marine fish landings of the countly and forms the mostimportant pelagic fishery resource.A brief account of the fishery. biology and stock position of the oil sardinebased on the data collected from several centres along the west coast of India during 1984-88 is given. Thegmwth wen estimatedby employing theFLIhIV-1method and the values>btaind for i-and K were 221 rnm and 0.75 res~ectivelv. The instantaneous total moaalitv rate (Z) was estimated as 2.23 and the instantaneousnatural mo&ty rate (M) as 1.30. The maximum sustainable yikld (MSY) was estimated as 150000 tonnes against a mean biomass of 107 000 tonnes

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

To study an elderly people's abnormal electrocardiographic changes at government hospital

Population aging is one of the demographic characteristics of the 21st century. This process is necessarily accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases that may have expression on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Aim: to study an elderly people's abnormal electrocardiograph at government hospital. Material and Methods:All the Patients were admitted in the department of Medicine at  Government medical college, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India. Study period January 2021 to june 2021These participants were then clinically examined and studied in accordance with the study's guidelines to generate the necessary data, which was then categorised, tabulated, and classed before being subjected to analysis. Total 300 persons should taken in the study.150 were healthy one and 150 were patients. The age of the persons should be 65 years and above, both the sex were included. Conclusion: Atrial fibril-lation was the most prevalent rhythm abnormality. With no association to sex or skin tone, ventricular repolarization changes outweighed ventricular depolarization changes. There were a sizable number of instances with extended QT, left ventricular hypertrophy, and anomalous left atrium

A comparative study of oxidant and anti-oxidant parameters in chronic renal failure, haemodialysis (pre & post) and controls

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is featured by a progressive decline of kidney function and is mainly caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. CKD is a complex disease due to cardiovascular complications and high morbidity; however, there is no single treatment to improve kidney function in CKD patients. Since biological markers representing oxidative stress are significantly elevated in CKD patients, oxidative stress is receiving attention as a contributing factor to CKD pathology. Aim of our study is comparison of oxidant and anti oxidant parameters in chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis (pre and post) and control subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on a patient group comprising of 50 patients diagnosed with CRF, 50 were pre hemodialysis, 50 were post hemodialysis (MHD). This patient group was compared to a healthy group including 100 controls. All the study participants were admitted in the department of Medicine [Nephrology department] at “Rajiv Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences”, Kadapa. Andhra Pradesh. India. Study Period : July 2020 to December 2020 ,The obtained serum samples were used for biochemical analysis for estimating MDA, vitamin A and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx).&nbsp

To analyze how LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and inflammatory marker CRP are organized in acute myocardial infarction

There is an increasing incidence of coronary artery disease in India. We therefore need a tool to evaluate the severity and prognosis of this acute myocardial infarction. In acute myocardial infarction, the function of plaque rupture and inflammation has already been identified. Aim: To study the organization of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and inflammatory marker CRP in acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Material: Patients  who  have  been  diagnosed  as  acute  myocardial  infarction (ST Elevation  Acute  myocardial  Infarction  or  Unstable  angina/Non  ST  Elevation Myocardial Infarction) and admitted to ICCU of Government of medical sciences, Kadapa, AP. July 2021 to December 2021, are the subjects. Sample consists of 100 cases of acute myocardial infarction. Case history was taken from the patients, and studied according to proforma. Conclusion: Elevated levels of CRP are independent indicators of adverse effects. When contrast with the LDL / HDL ratio, CRP is used for risk stratification and as a prognostic predictor. These findings suggest that in patients with acute myocardial infarction, raised CRP Levels is significant as compared to LDL/HDL ratio