Destination brands and website evaluation: a research methodology

Introducción: La Web se ha convertido en el principal instrumento de búsqueda de información por parte de los turistas. Por este motivo, los portales turísticos de los destinos deben resultar atractivos y comunicar de una manera adecuada y eficaz su imagen de marca. No existe, sin embargo, una metodología de evaluación de la calidad y eficacia comunicativa de los sitios web de destino que sea científicamente sólida y universalmente aceptada. El desarrollo de esa metodología es una de las tareas que nos hemos propuesto en el marco del proyecto de investigación “Nuevas estrategias de publicidad y promoción de las marcas turísticas españolas en la web” (CSO2008-02627), financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Metodología: El equipo del proyecto ha elaborado una plantilla de análisis interdisciplinaria y omnicomprensiva que combina algunos análisis automatizados con otros de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo. La plantilla contempla un total de doce temáticas y 154 indicadores, que se han elaborado a partir de la aportación de destacados expertos en cada una de las áreas de trabajo. En este artículo se expone la metodología de análisis elaborada y se explican las aplicaciones posibles. Resultados: El proyecto ha elaborado una metodología de evaluación que permite optimizar los sitios web de las marcas de destino, apoyando, así, el trabajo de los gestores públicos de los destinos turísticos.Introduction: The World Wide Web has become the primary instrument used by tourists in order to search for information. As a result, tourism websites pertaining to destinations need to be appealing and must convey their brand image in an appropriate, effective manner. However, there is no methodology in place to assess the quality and communicative effectiveness of destination websites that is scientifically sound and universally accepted. The development of such a methodology is one of the tasks we have proposed within the framework of the research project: “New strategies for advertising and promoting Spanish tourism brands online” (CSO2008-02627), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Method: The project team has developed an interdisciplinary, all-embracing analysis template combining certain automated analyses with other qualitative and quantitative ones. The template comprises a total of 12 subject areas and 154 indicators prepared on the basis of contributions from prominent experts in each of the fields of work. This article sets out the analysis methodology drawn up and possible applications are given. Results: The primary aim of the project is to provide an assessment methodology that would make it possible to optimise destination brand websites, thus providing a tool to support the work of public tourism destination managers.Esta investigación ha sido financiada parcialmente por el proyecto “Nuevas estrategias de publicidad y promoción de las marcas turísticas españolas en la web” (CSO 2008-02627), del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Puede encontrarse más información en: www.marcasturisticas.org

Assessing the suitability of recovering shrub biowaste involved in wildland fires in the South of Europe through torrefaction mobile units

Several types of shrubs and oak inducing high wildland fire risk in the South of Europe were evaluated for their potential valorization through torrefaction. Biomasses were firstly characterized in terms of macromolecular and elemental composition. Lab-scale TGA-GC/MS torrefaction experiments allowed the in-depth study of the solid mass transformation and the production profile of 23 volatile species (200 to 300 °C at 3 °C·min-1 and 300 °C for 30 min). The proportion of the torrefied products (solid, CO, CO2, water and volatile species) was evaluated through mass balance in a lab-scale furnace under typical torrefaction conditions (300 °C, 40 min). The results show a similar characterization and behavior in torrefaction for oak and shrublands, and slightly different characteristics for fern. However, fern may grow separately from shrublands and is considered to present a low fire risk. This suggests that the in-situ direct valorization of these biomasses through torrefaction mobile units seems promising. However, other properties, such as density, flowability and grindability need to be studied to confirm the feasibility of the process. Regarding torrefaction products, a higher carbon content and an interesting increase in heating value were measured for the torrefied solid, which makes it suitable for energetic valorization, among other uses. The composition of permanent gases was evaluated and found in agreement with previous studies. Finally, the volatile species released were studied in function of the torrefaction temperature, in view of their possible valorization as green chemicals

Destination brands and website evaluation: a research methodology

Introducción: La Web se ha convertido en el principal instrumento de búsqueda de información por parte de los turistas. Por este motivo, los portales turísticos de los destinos deben resultar atractivos y comunicar de una manera adecuada y eficaz su imagen de marca. No existe, sin embargo, una metodología de evaluación de la calidad y eficacia comunicativa de los sitios web de destino que sea científicamente sólida y universalmente aceptada. El desarrollo de esa metodología es una de las tareas que nos hemos propuesto en el marco del proyecto de investigación “Nuevas estrategias de publicidad y promoción de las marcas turísticas españolas en la web” (CSO2008-02627), financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Metodología: El equipo del proyecto ha elaborado una plantilla de análisis interdisciplinaria y omnicomprensiva que combina algunos análisis automatizados con otros de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo. La plantilla contempla un total de doce temáticas y 154 indicadores, que se han elaborado a partir de la aportación de destacados expertos en cada una de las áreas de trabajo. En este artículo se expone la metodología de análisis elaborada y se explican las aplicaciones posibles. Resultados: El proyecto ha elaborado una metodología de evaluación que permite optimizar los sitios web de las marcas de destino, apoyando, así, el trabajo de los gestores públicos de los destinos turísticos.Introduction: The World Wide Web has become the primary instrument used by tourists in order to search for information. As a result, tourism websites pertaining to destinations need to be appealing and must convey their brand image in an appropriate, effective manner. However, there is no methodology in place to assess the quality and communicative effectiveness of destination websites that is scientifically sound and universally accepted. The development of such a methodology is one of the tasks we have proposed within the framework of the research project: “New strategies for advertising and promoting Spanish tourism brands online” (CSO2008-02627), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Method: The project team has developed an interdisciplinary, all-embracing analysis template combining certain automated analyses with other qualitative and quantitative ones. The template comprises a total of 12 subject areas and 154 indicators prepared on the basis of contributions from prominent experts in each of the fields of work. This article sets out the analysis methodology drawn up and possible applications are given. Results: The primary aim of the project is to provide an assessment methodology that would make it possible to optimise destination brand websites, thus providing a tool to support the work of public tourism destination managers.Esta investigación ha sido financiada parcialmente por el proyecto “Nuevas estrategias de publicidad y promoción de las marcas turísticas españolas en la web” (CSO 2008-02627), del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Puede encontrarse más información en: www.marcasturisticas.org

YouTube usage by Spanish tourist destinations as a tool to communicate their identities and brands

Videos are influential image creators and video-sharing sites like YouTube offer new opportunities to DMOs to communicate the identity and the brand of the destinations they represent. The aim of this article was to gain an insight into how Spanish DMOs use YouTube to communicate their promotional videos and to study whether these videos communicate brands through two main elements: attraction factors and emotional values. The research methodology combined an analysis of two important communicative variables of the official YouTube channels (interactivity and visibility) of the analysed destinations with a content analysis of the last 25 videos uploaded to those channels by the DMOs. On the one hand, results showed that the usage of YouTube by Spanish tourist destinations was widespread but with some limitations. The contents of the videos were mainly informative, and this helped to communicate attraction factors rather than emotional values. On the other hand, the presence of brand values is usually related to good results in terms of visibility and interactivity. The article contributes to good practices and recommendations to communicate territories’ brands via YouTubeMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. CSO2012-3482