“O salto quântico dos vagalumes”: os quadrinhos como ferramenta didática nas aulas de química

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014O trabalho analisa os resultados de uma Proposta Didática que aborda o modelo atômico de Bohr a partir de uma HQ sobre a bioluminescência dos vagalumes. Como os conceitos envolvidos nesse conteúdo são vistos de forma abstrata pelos alunos, o recurso didático adotado visava minimizar essa dificuldade e tornar a aula mais atrativa. Após aplicação da Proposta Didática e avaliação dos resultados pode-se notar um maior aprimoramento do senso crítico e criativo dos estudantes ao associar o conteúdo desenvolvido em sala de aula anteriomente, com a história presente no quadrinho. O interesse e envolvimento dos alunos na aula foram perceptíveis, podendo assim, considerar as Histórias em Quadrinhos como um recurso didático de grande potencial para o Ensino de Químic

Gestão dos processos de compras: um comparativo entre uma instituição de ensino particular e uma instituição de ensino pública patrocinenses/ Management of procurement processes: a comparison between a private educational institution and a sponsored public educational institution

O presente artigo aborda a importância do departamento de compras, através de seus processos, independentemente do tipo de instituição, de acordo com o que pôde ser aprendido na disciplina de Gestão Estratégica de Compras. O objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi desenvolver uma análise comparativa da percepção do comprador sobre o sistema de compras de uma instituição de ensino público e uma instituição de ensino particular, no município de Patrocínio-MG. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo de caso, onde foi aplicado um questionário aos responsáveis pelo setor de compras de cada instituição. Os resultados foram apresentados em gráficos e quadros desenvolvidos de acordo com as respostas dos responsáveis pelo departamento de compras de cada instituição. Concluímos que existe diferenças entre os processos de compras abordados em função da natureza das instituições e que melhorias se fazem necessárias

Artificial Neurogenesis: An Introduction and Selective Review

International audienceIn this introduction and review—like in the book which follows—we explore the hypothesis that adaptive growth is a means of producing brain-like machines. The emulation of neural development can incorporate desirable characteristics of natural neural systems into engineered designs. The introduction begins with a review of neural development and neural models. Next, artificial development— the use of a developmentally-inspired stage in engineering design—is introduced. Several strategies for performing this " meta-design " for artificial neural systems are reviewed. This work is divided into three main categories: bio-inspired representations ; developmental systems; and epigenetic simulations. Several specific network biases and their benefits to neural network design are identified in these contexts. In particular, several recent studies show a strong synergy, sometimes interchange-ability, between developmental and epigenetic processes—a topic that has remained largely under-explored in the literature

Major Advances in Particle Swarm Optimization: Theory, Analysis, and Application

Over the ages, nature has constantly been a rich source of inspiration for science, with much still to discover about and learn from. Swarm Intelligence (SI), a major branch of artificial intelligence, was rendered to model the collective behavior of social swarms in nature. Ultimately, Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) is arguably one of the most popular SI paradigms. Over the past two decades, PSO has been applied successfully, with good return as well, in a wide variety of fields of science and technology with a wider range of complex optimization problems, thereby occupying a prominent position in the optimization field. However, through in-depth studies, a number of problems with the algorithm have been detected and identified; e.g., issues regarding convergence, diversity, and stability. Consequently, since its birth in the mid-1990s, PSO has witnessed a myriad of enhancements, extensions, and variants in various aspects of the algorithm, specifically after the twentieth century, and the related research has therefore now reached an impressive state. In this paper, a rigorous yet systematic review is presented to organize and summarize the information on the PSO algorithm and the developments and trends of its most basic as well as of some of the very notable implementations that have been introduced recently, bearing in mind the coverage of paradigm, theory, hybridization, parallelization, complex optimization, and the diverse applications of the algorithm, making it more accessible. Ease for researchers to determine which PSO variant is currently best suited or to be invented for a given optimization problem or application. This up-to-date review also highlights the current pressing issues and intriguing open challenges haunting PSO, prompting scholars and researchers to conduct further research both on the theory and application of the algorithm in the forthcoming years