Power Relations: Mario Vargas LIosa’s The Feast of the Goat

The notion of ‘power’ is one of the most debatable notions in sociological studies, and this is because of its inevitable presence in social relations and interactions. In all his relations within the society, man can feel the influence of power, either as the one in power or as the powerless one. Power does not exist in vacuum and it should be considered in relation with other social concepts such as class, race, gender, space, etc. Along with these concepts, different embodiments of power in the society can be revealed and different models of exercising of power will be formed. One of the most directly related notions to power is the notion of ‘politics’. What allows politicians to use different policies is power and what gives them power to fulfill their will and impose their own desire and interests on the other is politics. The other concept which serves these two notions is ‘discourse’. It is obvious that without ‘discourse’ and ‘language’ the existence of ‘power’ and ‘politics’ is only a probability, because ‘discourse’ is the means of exercising the power and applying the politics. Thus, here is a triangle of ‘power’, ‘politics’, and ‘discourse’. In this regard, a very brief historical overview of power is given. The base of discussion and analysis in this article is the different forms of power according to S. Westwood’s Power and the Social. This article explores the relation between the three angles of the mentioned triangle in Liosa’s The Feast of The Goat, a dictator–historical novel set in Dominican Republic. This study investigates various shapes of power exercised by Dominican dictator Rafael Leónidas Trujillo through politics and discourse.Key words: Power; Race; Class; Gender; Space; Vision; S. Westwood; Mario Vargas LIosa; The Feast of the Goa

The Effectiveness of Teaching Using Virtual and Flipped Classrooms In Developing Achievement Among First Secondary Female Students on History in Qasr District

The study aimed to know the effectiveness of teaching using virtual classrooms and flipped classrooms in developing the achievement of first-year secondary students in the subject of history in Qasr District. To achieve the objectives of the study, the quasi-experimental approach was adopted, where the study was conducted on an experimental group consisting of (23) students who were taught through virtual classes and an experimental group consisting of (22) taught by flipped classrooms, where the choice was by the intentional way, they were distributed among two study divisions randomly from the first year secondary students Serfa Secondary School for the academic year 2020/2021 AD. To collect the study data, an achievement test was prepared. The validity and reliability of this tool were verified before its application and the results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences in favor of flipped classes and development of achievement. According to the results of the study, the researcher recommends conducting more studies in the field of virtual classrooms and flipped classrooms. Keywords: Achievement , Flipped Classes, Virtual Classes. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-31-05 Publication date: November 30th 202

Cutaneous tuberculosis presented by chest wall fistula formation

زمینه و هدف: سل یک معظل بهداشتی جهانی است که از نظر سازمان جهانی بهداشت (WHO) در راس شش بیماری شایع عفونی خطرناک قرار دارد. گرچه یکی از هر سه نفر مردم در دنیا آلوده به مایکوباکتریوم توبرکولوزیس هستند ولی سل پوستی بیماری نادری است. در این مطالعه ما به معرفی یک مورد نادر سل پوستی با تظاهر فسیتول متعدد مزمن در جدار قفسه سینه می پردازیم. گزارش مورد: مردی 50 ساله افغانی با سابقه دیابت وابسته به انسولین که با شکایت ضایعه پوستی به شکل فیستول در پوست ناحیه قفسه سینه از 3 ماه قبل مراجعه نمود. شروع ضایعه به صورت پاپول بوده که پس از مدتی فیستولیزه شده و همراه با سوزش و ترشح چرکی بوده است. با توجه به سیر طول کشیده بیماری و عدم پاسخ به درمان با آنتی بیوتیک و ملیت بیمار، سل پوستی در راس تشخیص های بیمار قرار گرفت و با توجه به مشاهده گرانولوم های متعدد متشکل از هیستوسیت ها، ژانت سل های تیپ لانگهانس در بیوپسی پوست و مشاهده باسیل های متعدد اسید فاست در اسمیر با رنگ آمیزی زیل نلسون از ترشحات فیستول ها تشخیص سل پوستی قطعی شد و بیمار تحت درمان با داروهای ضد سل قرار گرفت که علایمی از بهبودی نسبی پس از 6 هفته و بهبودی کامل پس از 6 ماه ملاحظه گردید. نتیجه گیری: سل پوستی می تواند به اشکال بسیار غیر معمول از جمله فیستول در هر محلی از جمله جدار قفسه سینه تظاهر کند. لذا باید در تشخیص افتراقی ضایعات جلدی طول کشیده همراه با تشکیل فیستول این بیماری مد نظر قرار گیرد.

Assessment of perceived social support among selected hospital personnel in Isfahan

كي از مهمترين شرايط براي عملكرد مؤثر سازمانها، فراهم بودن عامل انساني است. در اين ميان، حمايت اجتماعي يـک عامـل روانشناختي مهم در محيط کار ميباشد که بر عملكرد نيروي انساني تاثيرگذار است. لذا اين مطالعه با هدف تعيين حمايت اجتمـاعي درک شده در بعد پشتيباني عاطفي در ميان کارکنان بيمارستان انجام شد. در اين مطالعهي مقطعي، ۱۲۰ نفر از کارکنان يک بيمارسـتان منتخب در شهر اصفهان به روش نمونهگيري در دسترس جهت بررسي انتخاب شدند. گردآوري اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسشنامههاي مشخصات فردي و حمايت اجتماعي كه محقق ساخته بود، انجام شد. روايي ابزار با اسـتفاده از روايـي محتـوا و پايـايي آن بـا روش بازآزمايي اخذ شدند و در نهايت دادهها با استفاده از آمار توصيفي و استنباطي (آزمون مجذورکاي) مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفتند. يافتهها نشان داد، حمايت اجتماعي درک شده در بعد پشتيباني عاطفي از سوي همکاران با ميـانگين نمـرهي ۹/۰ ± ۳۴/۳ بـيشتـر از حمايت اجتماعي درک شده در همين بعد از سوي مديران با ميانگين نمره ۸۸/۰ ±۵۸/۲ بوده است. همچنين، بين حمايت اجتماعي در بعد پشتيباني عاطفي با مشخصات فردي مثل سن و سابقهي کار مطابق آزمون square-Chi دو رابطهي معنيدار آماري وجـود داشـت (05/0<P .(با توجه به آنكه حمايت اجتماعي از کارکنان بيمارستان براي عملكرد مؤثر سازماني الزامي اسـت، مـديران بيمارسـتانهـا ميتوانند از طريق تحکيم روابط خود با کارکنان بر افزايش کارايي آنها مؤثر باشند

Diagnostic value of Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) and Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) in the Diagnosis of Pleural effusions

Introduction: Pleural effusion diagnosis plays an important role in determining treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic capacity of tumor markers CA 15-3 and NSE solely or in combination in differentiating the nature of pleural fluid. Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study we evaluated 93 patients with pleural effusions (44 malignant and 49 benign). NSE and CA 15-3 serum and pleural levels were measured simultaneously using immunoenzyme assay kits. Diagnosis was established on the basis of cytological study. Results: Sensitivity and specificity of CA 15-3 serum and pleural level measurement were 70.4%, 49.0%, and 79.5% and 49.0%, respectively. Serum NSE levels had 75.0% sensitivity and 69.4% specificity while the respective pleural figures were 75.0% and 73.5%. The combination of NSE and CA 15-3 serum and pleural levels had the highest sensitivity (93.2%), although combined serum levels had the lowest sensitivity (47.7%). With an accuracy of 74.2%, pleural levels of NSE had the highest diagnostic potential. Conclusion: Measuring NSE and CA 15-3 tumor markers is a suitable approach to distinguish the nature of pleural effusions, with NSE pleural levels demonstrating the highest diagnostic accuracy

The Clar Number of Fullerene C 24n and Carbon Nanocone CNC 4 [n] MODJTABA GHORBANI

ABSTRACT A fullerene graph is a 3−connected planar graph whose faces are pentagons and hexagons. The Clar number of a fullerene is the maximum size of sextet patterns, the sets of disjoint hexagons which are all M-alternating for a Kekulé structure M of F. An exact formula of Clar number of some fullerene graphs and a class of carbon nanocones are obtained in this paper

Soil Erosion Control in Drylands

This book focuses on drylands such as arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas where they form the main part of ecosystems, e.g., in Iran, but also around the world. Mismanagement and improper exploitation of these areas lead to more degradation day by day. Besides an introduction to the role and importance of vegetation cover in conserving soil against wind and water erosion, this book gives a scope of appropriate techniques and methods for vegetation establishment and maintenance, indicators for suitable plants selection for soil conservation, and soil erosion prevention and combat. It provides methods of soil erosion prevention and combating through the application of plants, using bioengineering systems for soil erosion control and the role of agroforestry in soil erosion prevention. This book can be helpful to those with an interest in countries with similar climates to Iran. In particular, this includes Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan