Capnography Monitoring: A New Tool for SCH

To incorporate capnography into the care of patients receiving or recovering from continuous opioid infusions or sedation or at the discretion of RN or RT for patients with respiratory compromise.https://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1009/thumbnail.jp

The extracellular EXO protein mediates cell expansion in Arabidopsis leaves

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The <it>EXO </it>(<it>EXORDIUM</it>) gene was identified as a potential mediator of brassinosteroid (BR)-promoted growth. It is part of a gene family with eight members in Arabidopsis. <it>EXO </it>gene expression is under control of BR, and <it>EXO </it>overexpression promotes shoot and root growth. In this study, the consequences of loss of <it>EXO </it>function are described.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>exo </it>loss of function mutant showed diminished leaf and root growth and reduced biomass production. Light and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that impaired leaf growth is due to reduced cell expansion. Epidermis, palisade, and spongy parenchyma cells were smaller in comparison to the wild-type. The <it>exo </it>mutant showed reduced brassinolide-induced cotyledon and hypocotyl growth. In contrast, <it>exo </it>roots were significantly more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of synthetic brassinolide. Apart from reduced growth, <it>exo </it>did not show severe morphological abnormalities. Gene expression analyses of leaf material identified genes that showed robust EXO-dependent expression. Growth-related genes such as <it>WAK1</it>, <it>EXP5</it>, and <it>KCS1</it>, and genes involved in primary and secondary metabolism showed weaker expression in <it>exo </it>than in wild-type plants. However, the vast majority of BR-regulated genes were normally expressed in <it>exo</it>. HA- and GFP-tagged EXO proteins were targeted to the apoplast.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The <it>EXO </it>gene is essential for cell expansion in leaves. Gene expression patterns and growth assays suggest that EXO mediates BR-induced leaf growth. However, EXO does not control BR-levels or BR-sensitivity in the shoot. EXO presumably is involved in a signalling process which coordinates BR-responses with environmental or developmental signals. The hypersensitivity of <it>exo </it>roots to BR suggests that EXO plays a diverse role in the control of BR responses in the root.</p

The extracellular EXO protein mediates cell expansion in Arabidopsis leaves

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The <it>EXO </it>(<it>EXORDIUM</it>) gene was identified as a potential mediator of brassinosteroid (BR)-promoted growth. It is part of a gene family with eight members in Arabidopsis. <it>EXO </it>gene expression is under control of BR, and <it>EXO </it>overexpression promotes shoot and root growth. In this study, the consequences of loss of <it>EXO </it>function are described.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>exo </it>loss of function mutant showed diminished leaf and root growth and reduced biomass production. Light and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that impaired leaf growth is due to reduced cell expansion. Epidermis, palisade, and spongy parenchyma cells were smaller in comparison to the wild-type. The <it>exo </it>mutant showed reduced brassinolide-induced cotyledon and hypocotyl growth. In contrast, <it>exo </it>roots were significantly more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of synthetic brassinolide. Apart from reduced growth, <it>exo </it>did not show severe morphological abnormalities. Gene expression analyses of leaf material identified genes that showed robust EXO-dependent expression. Growth-related genes such as <it>WAK1</it>, <it>EXP5</it>, and <it>KCS1</it>, and genes involved in primary and secondary metabolism showed weaker expression in <it>exo </it>than in wild-type plants. However, the vast majority of BR-regulated genes were normally expressed in <it>exo</it>. HA- and GFP-tagged EXO proteins were targeted to the apoplast.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The <it>EXO </it>gene is essential for cell expansion in leaves. Gene expression patterns and growth assays suggest that EXO mediates BR-induced leaf growth. However, EXO does not control BR-levels or BR-sensitivity in the shoot. EXO presumably is involved in a signalling process which coordinates BR-responses with environmental or developmental signals. The hypersensitivity of <it>exo </it>roots to BR suggests that EXO plays a diverse role in the control of BR responses in the root.</p

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Reduce Complications from Blind Small Bore Feeding Tube (SBFT) Insertion

Between 2019 and 2021, six lung perforations related to blind placement of SBFTs. A multidisciplinary team reviewed current methods of placing SBFTs and the feasibility of each: Fluoroscopy 2 Step X-Ray Capnography Electromagnetic visualization Capnography was selected as a safe and cost-effective way to attempt to identify insertion location in real time. Four team members were selected and trained to insert SBFT using capnography Each placement attempt and outcome of placement was tracked Outcomes were identified as successful or unsuccessful Any adverse events were to be trackedhttps://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1122/thumbnail.jp

Implementing the 2005 American Heart Association guidelines, including use of the impedance threshold device, improves hospital discharge rate after in-hospital cardiac arrest

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the 2005 American Heart Association cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines, including use of an impedance threshold device (ITD), on survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest. METHODS: Two community hospitals that tracked outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest pooled and compared their hospital discharge rate before and after implementing the 2005 American Heart Association CPR guidelines (including ITD) in standardized protocols. In CPR we used the proper ventilation rate, allowed full chest-wall recoil, conducted continuous CPR following intubation, and used an ITD. We compared historical control data from a 12-month period at St Cloud Hospital, St Cloud, Minnesota, to data from a subsequent 18-month intervention phase. We compared historical control data from a 12-month period at St Dominic Hospital, Jackson, Mississippi to a subsequent 12-month intervention phase. 507 patients received CPR during the study period. Patient age and sex were similar in the control and intervention groups. RESULTS: The combined hospital discharge rate for patients with an in-hospital cardiac arrest was 17.5% in the control group (n=246 patients), which is similar to the national average, versus 28% in the intervention group (n=261 patients) (P=.006, odds ratio 1.83, 95% CI 1.17-2.88). The greatest benefit of the intervention was in patients with an initial rhythm of pulseless electrical activity: 14.4% versus 29.7% (P=.014, odds ratio 2.50, 95% CI 1.15, 5.58). Neurological function (as measured with the Cerebral Performance Category scale) in survivors at hospital discharge was similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of improved ways to increase circulation during CPR increased the in-hospital discharge rate by 60%, compared to historical controls in 2 community hospitals. These data demonstrate that immediate care with improved means to circulate blood during CPR significantly reduces hospital mortality from inhospital sudden cardiac arrest

De grondslag van HRM : een overzicht van theorieën en hun grondleggers

De grondslag van HRM is gebaseerd op (de inleiding van) de Canon van HRM, Vijftig theorieën over een vakgebied in ontwikkeling. Het boek geeft in vijftig hoofdstukken een overzicht van de meest relevante theorieën en hun grondleggers vanaf het eind van de jaren vijftig van de vorige eeuw. De redactie bestond uit de schrijvers van dit artikel (in het vervolg zullen we dan ook de wij-vorm hanteren). Er is aan meegewerkt door meer dan zestig auteurs, voornamelijk wetenschappers uit Nederland en Vlaanderen. Met de ondertitel wordt aangegeven dat het vakgebied nog steeds volop in ontwikkeling is. Het boek geeft een prachtig overzicht van hoe het vakgebied zich sinds de jaren zestig heeft ontwikkeld. In dit artikel wordt hier nader op ingegaan

Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with ~700 common associated variants identified so far through genome - wide association studies . Here , we report 83 height - associated coding variants with lower minor allele frequenc ies ( range of 0.1 - 4.8% ) and effects of up to 2 16 cm /allele ( e.g. in IHH , STC2 , AR and CRISPLD2 ) , >10 times the average effect of common variants . In functional follow - up studies, rare height - increasing alleles of STC2 (+1 - 2 cm/allele) compromise d proteolytic inhibition of PAPP - A and increased cleavage of IGFBP - 4 in vitro , resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin - like growth factors . The se 83 height - associated variants overlap genes mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates ( e.g. ADAMTS3, IL11RA, NOX4 ) and pathways ( e.g . proteoglycan/ glycosaminoglycan synthesis ) involved in growth . Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low - frequency variants of moderate to large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes , and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways

An original phylogenetic approach identified mitochondrial haplogroup T1a1 as inversely associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers

Introduction: Individuals carrying pathogenic mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in DNA double-strand break repair, DNA alterations that can be caused by exposure to reactive oxygen species, a main source of which are mitochondria. Mitochondrial genome variations affect electron transport chain efficiency and reactive oxygen species production. Individuals with different mitochondrial haplogroups differ in their metabolism and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Variability in mitochondrial genetic background can alter reactive oxygen species production, leading to cancer risk. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial haplogroups modify breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Methods: We genotyped 22,214 (11,421 affected, 10,793 unaffected) mutation carriers belonging to the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 for 129 mitochondrial polymorphisms using the iCOGS array. Haplogroup inference and association detection were performed using a phylogenetic approach. ALTree was applied to explore the reference mitochondrial evolutionary tree and detect subclades enriched in affected or unaffected individuals. Results: We discovered that subclade T1a1 was depleted in affected BRCA2 mutation carriers compared with the rest of clade T (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34 to 0.88; P = 0.01). Compared with the most frequent haplogroup in the general population (that is, H and T clades), the T1a1 haplogroup has a HR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.95; P = 0.03). We also identified three potential susceptibility loci, including G13708A/rs28359178, which has demonstrated an inverse association with familial breast cancer risk. Conclusions: This study illustrates how original approaches such as the phylogeny-based method we used can empower classical molecular epidemiological studies aimed at identifying association or risk modification effects.Peer reviewe

Transatlantic relations : what's next for the trade and technology council?

This contribution was delivered on 6 May 2022 on the occasion of the hybrid 2022 edition of EUI State of the Union on ‘A Europe fit for the next generation?'This panel will discuss new developments in transatlantic relations, including the EU-US Trade and Technology Council (TTC) launched in June 2021 as an illustration of a renewed partnership with the new US administration, and will look into the potential of this new platform for coordinated approaches to key global issues and the definition of new rules and standards, ahead of the second TTC meeting. In a changing geopolitical context where transatlantic solidarity is more important than ever, what should be the focus of the TTC in the years to come? How to make sure that it serves the interests of citizens as well as furthering of transatlantic cooperation in the areas of trade, economy and technology, and the EU’s strategic autonomy