Spatial Distributions of Three Species of Desmognathus in a North Carolina Stream

Salamanders of the family Plethodontidae comprise the most common salamanders in eastern North America. It is not uncommon for more than 10 plethodontid species to occur syntopically in one creek. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the spatial distribution of one species affected the spatial distribution of other species. Geographic Information System technology and nearest-neighbor analyses were used to determine the spatial distributions of three species of the salamander genus Desmognathus. The analysis demonstrates that D. ochrophaeus and D. monticola change their spatial use from a random distribution during the day to a clumped distribution during evening hours. The data also suggest the D. monticola moves into the creek during evening hours

Measurement of the nuclear modification factor for inclusive jets in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the yield and nuclear modification factor, RAA, for inclusive jet production are performed using 0.49nb−1of Pb+Pb data at √sNN=5.02TeVand 25pb−1of pp data at √s=5.02TeVwith the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt algorithm with radius parameter R =0.4and are measured over the transverse momentum range of 40–1000GeVin six rapidity intervals covering |y| <2.8. The magnitude of RAA increases with increasing jet transverse momentum, reaching a value of approximately0.6 at 1TeVin the most central collisions. The magnitude of RAA also increases towards peripheral collisions. The value of RAA is independent of rapidity at low jet transverse momenta, but it is observed to decrease with increasing rapidity at high transverse momenta

Seeing past words: Testing the cross-modal capabilities of pretrained V&L models on counting tasks

We investigate the reasoning ability of pretrained vision and language (V&L) models in two tasks that require multimodal integration: (1) discriminating a correct image-sentence pair from an incorrect one, and (2) counting entities in an image. We evaluate three pretrained V&L models on these tasks: ViLBERT, ViLBERT 12-in-1 and LXMERT, in zero-shot and finetuned settings. Our results show that models solve task (1) very well, as expected, since all models are pretrained on task (1). However, none of the pretrained V&L models is able to adequately solve task (2), our counting probe, and they cannot generalise to out-ofdistribution quantities. We propose a number of explanations for these findings: LXMERT (and to some extent ViLBERT 12-in-1) show some evidence of catastrophic forgetting on task (1). Concerning our results on the counting probe, we find evidence that all models are impacted by dataset bias, and also fail to individuate entities in the visual input. While a selling point of pretrained V&L models is their ability to solve complex tasks, our findings suggest that understanding their reasoning and grounding capabilities requires more targeted investigations on specific phenomen

Estudo do método da extração da camada leucoplaquetária na produção de hemocomponentes: avaliação laboratorial A study of the Buffy-coat extraction method for blood component processing: laboratorial analysis

Dentre os métodos para a obtenção de hemocomponentes destaca-se o método do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) e o método da extração da camada leucoplaquetária (ECLP). Este estudo tem por objetivo comparar os métodos do PRP e da ECLP na produção de hemocomponentes. Foram processadas 88 bolsas de sangue total (ST) pelo método do PRP, 130 bolsas triplas pelo método da ECLP (ECLPT) e 215 bolsas coletadas em bolsas quádruplas pelo método da ECLP (ECLPQ) com o uso de extrator automático. Encontramos diferença estatisticamente significante na quantidade de Hb total /unidade entre ECLPT e ECLPQ (p=0,005) e entre ECLPT e PRP (p=0,007) no ST. Houve diferença estatisticamente entre ECLPT e ECLPQ (p<0,001) e entre ECLPQ e PRP (p<0,001) para a quantidade de leucócitos. No CH, encontramos diferença estatisticamente significante entre o método do PRP e ECLPT e ECLPQ hematócrito (p<0,001), recuperação de Hb (p<0,001), Hb total (p<0,001), leucócitos (p<0,001), depleção de leucócitos (p<0,001), quantidade de plaquetas (p<0,001) e depleção de plaquetas (p<0,001). Para o concentrado de plaquetas houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre PRP, ECLPT e ECLPQ para o volume, recuperação de plaquetas e depleção de leucócitos (p<0,001). A utilização do método da ECLP é vantajosa qualitativamente, pois os hemocomponentes obtidos apresentam menor quantidade de leucócitos e plasma. O método da ECLP com a utilização de bolsas quádruplas e a produção de CP a partir de uma unidade de CLP é de implantação viável e de fácil padronização, permitindo boa reprodutibilidade, bem como melhor aproveitamento de plasma e plaquetas.<br>The most commonly used methods for blood component processing are the "plasma rich in platelets method" (PRP), and the Buffy-coat extraction method (BC).The purpose of this study was to compare these two methods in the processing of blood components. Eighty-eight whole blood units (WB) were processed by the PRP method, 130 blood units were processed by the BC triple blood bag method (BCT) and 215 blood units were collected in quadruple blood bags by the BC method (BCQ) using an automatic extractor. A statistically significant difference was observed in the number in the total Hb per unit of WB between the BCT and BCQ methods (p=0.005) and between the BCT and PRP methods (p=0.007). There were also statistically significant differences between the BCT and BCQ methods (p<0.001) and between BCQ and PRP methods (p<0.001) in relation to leukocytes/mL. In the RBC concentrates, we found statistically significant differences between the PRP method and both the BCT and BCQ methods in respect to hematocrit levels, Hb recovery, total Hb, leukocytes, leukocyte depletion, platelets and platelet depletion (p<0.001 in all cases). We also found statistically significant differences between the PRP, BCT and BCQ methods for the volume, platelet recovery, and leukocyte depletion (p<0.001) in platelet concentrates. The use of the BC method is qualitatively advantageous as the blood components obtained present a lower quantity of leukocytes and plasma. The BC method with the use of quadruple blood bags for the production of PC from one BC unit is reliable, easy to standardize, allows good reproducibility, as well as better utilization of plasma and platelets

Seeing past words: Testing the cross-modal capabilities of pretrained V&L models on counting tasks

We investigate the reasoning ability of pretrained vision and language (V&L) models in two tasks that require multimodal integration: (1) discriminating a correct image-sentence pair from an incorrect one, and (2) counting entities in an image. We evaluate three pretrained V&L models on these tasks: ViLBERT, ViLBERT 12-in-1 and LXMERT, in zero-shot and finetuned settings. Our results show that models solve task (1) very well, as expected, since all models are pretrained on task (1). However, none of the pretrained V&L models is able to adequately solve task (2), our counting probe, and they cannot generalise to out-ofdistribution quantities. We propose a number of explanations for these findings: LXMERT (and to some extent ViLBERT 12-in-1) show some evidence of catastrophic forgetting on task (1). Concerning our results on the counting probe, we find evidence that all models are impacted by dataset bias, and also fail to individuate entities in the visual input. While a selling point of pretrained V&L models is their ability to solve complex tasks, our findings suggest that understanding their reasoning and grounding capabilities requires more targeted investigations on specific phenomen