Técnica de pré-seleção em diplóides de bananeira submetidas a duplicação cromossômica.

A determinação do nível de ploidia em plantas pode ser realizada por vários métodos diretos e indiretos. Os métodos diretos são: contagem do número cromossômico e determinação do conteúdo de DNA. Já os métodos indiretos englobam a avaliação de características citoanatômicas e morfológica. Todas as técnicas apresentam vantagens e limitações. A observação de características da planta, como a espessura da folha para a determinação da ploidia também é pode ser utilizado. Apesar de ser um método simples pode ocasionar uma classificação equivocada de determinados genótipos, uma vez que essas características podem ser influenciadas pelo ambiente. Porém quando se trata de um número muito grande de plantas, poderá ser utilizado como uma pré-seleção de prováveis poliplóides (Sari et al., 1999; Souza e Queiroz, 2004).pdf 71

Sleep quality and chronic pain in community dwelling older adults: preliminary results

Background: The natural process of human aging causes biopsychosocial alterations, which can trigger chronic pain and poor sleep quality in older adults. Considering the high prevalence and possible association between these two clinical conditions, special attention from public health policies is necessary to provide quality aging. Objective: To verify if there is an association between chronic pain and sleep quality among older adults in the community. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study on the association of chronic pain with the sleep quality among older people in the community. Participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Visual Analog Pain scale; questionnaires of sociodemographic and clinical data, assessment of cognitive impairment through the Mini Mental State Examination, and anthropometric assessments. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics. The means between the groups of older people with and without chronic pain were compared using the Student's t test for independent samples and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze the association of PSQI with pain intensity. Results: In total, 51 older women were included, with a mean age of 70 ± 8 years. The majority had a low level of education (52.9%), low financial income (64.7%), and chronic pain (56.9%). It was found that the older adults with chronic pain presented worse sleep quality when compared those without chronic pain and a moderate (r=0.595) and significant (p<0.01) correlation between sleep quality and the intensity of chronic pain was observed. Conclusion: Older adults in the community with chronic pain present worse sleep quality when compared to the older adults without pain. There is a strong correlation between the intensity of chronic pain and sleep quality in older adults; the greater the intensity of pain, the worse the sleep quality

EFEITO DA IDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE SOJA NOS RESULTADOS DO TESTE DE ENVELHECIMENTO ACELERADO.

With the objective to study the effect of the fisiologic age of soybean seeds in the results of the test of accelerated aging, it was lead en the laboratory of the Department of Fitotecnia of FCAVJ/ UNESP, an experiment with soybean seeds, CV. IAC 8 proceeding from harvests 1992/93, 93/94 and 94/95. Five periods has been used of stress (36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 hours). The analysed variables had been percentage of germination in the fifth day and the index of emergency speed. A complete randomized experimental design, with a factorial arrangement, was used. For the seeds of harvest 1992/93, that initially they presented germination of 68%, the aging after 48 hours was enough to reduce in 58% its germination. For harvests 93/94 and 94/95, with initial germination of 96 and 98,5%, respectively, the time of aging to reduce in 50% the germination was not detected, with up to 84 hours of estresse. The results indicate that the period of aging to be used in soybeans, must consider the initial quality of the seeds.Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da idade fisiológica de sementes de soja nos resultados do teste de envelhecimento acelerado, foi conduzido no laboratório de sementes do Departamento de Fitotecnia da FCAVJ/UNESP, um experimento com sementes de soja da cultivar IAC 8 provenientes das safras 1992/93, 93/94 e 94/95. Foram utilizados cinco períodos de estresse (36, 48, 60, 72 e 84 horas). As variáveis analisadas foram primeira contagem da germinação, no quinto dia e o índice de velocidade de emergência. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em um arranjo fatorial. Para as sementes da safra 1992/93, que inicialmente apresentavam germinação de 68%, o envelhecimento após 48 horas a 42º C, foi suficiente para reduzir para 58% a sua germinação. Para as safras 93/94 e 94/95, com germinação inicial de 96 e 98,5% respectivamente, o tempo de envelhecimento para reduzir em 50% a germinação não foi detectado, com até 84 horas de estresse. Os resultados indicam que o período de envelhecimento a ser usado em sementes de soja, deve considerar a qualidade inicial das sementes

Measurement of the Z/gamma* + b-jet cross section in pp collisions at 7 TeV

The production of b jets in association with a Z/gamma* boson is studied using proton-proton collisions delivered by the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and recorded by the CMS detector. The inclusive cross section for Z/gamma* + b-jet production is measured in a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 inverse femtobarns. The Z/gamma* + b-jet cross section with Z/gamma* to ll (where ll = ee or mu mu) for events with the invariant mass 60 < M(ll) < 120 GeV, at least one b jet at the hadron level with pT > 25 GeV and abs(eta) < 2.1, and a separation between the leptons and the jets of Delta R > 0.5 is found to be 5.84 +/- 0.08 (stat.) +/- 0.72 (syst.) +(0.25)/-(0.55) (theory) pb. The kinematic properties of the events are also studied and found to be in agreement with the predictions made by the MadGraph event generator with the parton shower and the hadronisation performed by PYTHIA.Comment: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physic

Dominantly inherited micro-satellite instable cancer - the four Lynch syndromes - an EHTG, PLSD position statement

The recognition of dominantly inherited micro-satellite instable (MSI) cancers caused by pathogenic variants in one of the four mismatch repair (MMR) genes MSH2, MLH1, MSH6 and PMS2 has modified our understanding of carcinogenesis. Inherited loss of function variants in each of these MMR genes cause four dominantly inherited cancer syndromes with different penetrance and expressivities: the four Lynch syndromes. No person has an "average sex "or a pathogenic variant in an "average Lynch syndrome gene" and results that are not stratified by gene and sex will be valid for no one. Carcinogenesis may be a linear process from increased cellular division to localized cancer to metastasis. In addition, in the Lynch syndromes (LS) we now recognize a dynamic balance between two stochastic processes: MSI producing abnormal cells, and the host's adaptive immune system's ability to remove them. The latter may explain why colonoscopy surveillance does not reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer in LS, while it may improve the prognosis. Most early onset colon, endometrial and ovarian cancers in LS are now cured and most cancer related deaths are after subsequent cancers in other organs. Aspirin reduces the incidence of colorectal and other cancers in LS. Immunotherapy increases the host immune system's capability to destroy MSI cancers. Colonoscopy surveillance, aspirin prevention and immunotherapy represent major steps forward in personalized precision medicine to prevent and cure inherited MSI cancer

Fungal diversity associated to the olive moth, prays oleae Bernard : a survey for potential entomopathogenic fungi

Olive production is one of the main agricultural activities in Portugal. In the region of Trás-os-Montes this crop has been considerably affected by Prays oleae. In order to evaluate the diversity of fungi on P. oleae population of Trás-os-Montes olive orchards, larvae and pupae of the three annual generations (phyllophagous, antophagous and carpophagous) were collected and evaluated for fungal growth on their surface. From the 3828 larvae and pupae, a high percentage of individuals exhibited growth of a fungal agent (40.6%), particularly those from the phyllophagous generation. From all the moth generations, a total of 43 species from 24 genera were identified, but the diversity and abundance of fungal species differed between the three generations. Higher diversity was found in the carpophagous generation, followed by the antophagous and phyllophagous generations. The presence of fungi displaying entomopathogenic features was highest in the phyllophagous larvae and pupae, being B. bassiana the most abundant taxa. The first report of B. bassiana presence on P. oleae could open new strategies for the biocontrol of this major pest in olive groves, since the use of an already adapted species increases the guarantee of success of a biocontrol approach. The identification of antagonistic fungi able to control agents that cause major olive diseases, such as Verticillium dahliae, will benefit future biological control approaches for limiting this increasingly spreading pathogen.This work was supported by Science and Technology Foundation (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia – FCT) project PTDC/AGR-AAM/102600/2008 “Entomopathogenic fungi associated to olive pests: isolation, characterization and selection for biological control”. The first author is grateful to the Science and Technology Foundation for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/44265/2008

Endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere fungal communities are shaped by different environmental factors in a mediterranean ecosystem

The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1161-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.The diversity and factors influencing fimgal assemblages in phyllosphere of Mediterranean tree species have been barely studied, especially when endophytic and epiphytic communities are simultaneously considered. In this work, the endophytic and epiphytic fungal communities from olive tree phyllosphere were studied. This tree species is natural from the Mediterranean region and adapted to grow under adverse climatic conditions. The main objectives were to determine whether there are differences between both fungal communities and to examine whether different abiotic (climate-related) and biotic (plant organs) factors play a pivotal role in structuring these communities. Both communities differed in size and composition, with epiphytic community being richer and more abundant, displaying also a dominance of melanized fungi. Season was the major driver of community composition, especially of epiphytes. Other drivers shaping epiphytes were wind speed and temperature, while plant organ, rainfall, and temperature were the major drivers for endophytic composition. In contrast, canopy orientation caused slight variations in community composition of fungi, but with distinct effects in spring and autumn seasons. In conclusion, epiphytic and endophytic communities are not driven by the same factors. Several sources of variation undergo complex interactions to form and maintain phyllosphere fungal community in Mediterranean climates. Climatic parameters have influence on these fungal communities, suggesting that they are likely to be affected by climate changes in a near future.This work is funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE (Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade) and by national funds by FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia) within the framework of the project EXCL/AGR-PRO/0591/2012. T. Gomes thanks FCT, POPH-QREN, and FSE for PhD SFRH/BD/98127/2013 grant