One-dimensional arrangements of metal atoms in transition metal carbonyl complexes of mixed main group metal alkoxides

Mixed metal alkoxides containing main group elements with ns2 electron configurations of the general formula M(OtBu)3M\u27 (M = In, Tl; M\u27 = Ge, Sn, Pb), M\u27(OtBu)3M(OtBu)3M\u27 (M = divalent metal atom, M\u27 = Ge, Sn) and (OtBu)M\u27(OtBu)2M(OtBu)2M\u27(OtBu) (M = Co, Ni; M\u27 = Ge, Sn) can be reacted with simple metal carbonyls. The products obtained are composed of a one-dimensional array of metal atoms held together by direct metal-metal bonds or by bridging alkoxide groups. The following compounds have been isolated and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (M\u27 = Ge, Sn, Pb; M = In, Tl; MT = transition metal): M\u27(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)n, (CO)nMT-M(OtBu)3M\u27-MT(CO)n, M\u27(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)nM(OtBu)3M\u27, (CO)nMT-M\u27(OtBu)3M(OtBu)3M\u27-MT(CO)n, (CO)nMT-M\u27[OtBu](OtBu)2M(OtBu)2M(OtBu)2[OtBu]M\u27-MT(CO)n and (CO)nMT-M\u27(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)nM(OtBu)3M\u27-MT(CO)n. In addition, an oligomeric species of the general formula [Sn(OtBu)3In-Mo(CO)4]n-Sn(OtBu)3In-Mo(CO)5 with n ~ 9, 10 has been isolated

One-dimensional arrangements of metal atoms in transition metal carbonyl complexes of mixed main group metal alkoxides

Mixed metal alkoxides containing main group elements with ns2 electron configurations of the general formula M(OtBu)3M' (M = In, Tl; M' = Ge, Sn, Pb), M'(OtBu)3M(OtBu)3M' (M = divalent metal atom, M' = Ge, Sn) and (OtBu)M'(OtBu)2M(OtBu)2M'(OtBu) (M = Co, Ni; M' = Ge, Sn) can be reacted with simple metal carbonyls. The products obtained are composed of a one-dimensional array of metal atoms held together by direct metal-metal bonds or by bridging alkoxide groups. The following compounds have been isolated and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (M' = Ge, Sn, Pb; M = In, Tl; MT = transition metal): M'(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)n, (CO)nMT-M(OtBu)3M'-MT(CO)n, M'(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)nM(OtBu)3M', (CO)nMT-M'(OtBu)3M(OtBu)3M'-MT(CO)n, (CO)nMT-M'[OtBu](OtBu)2M(OtBu)2M(OtBu)2[OtBu]M'-MT(CO)n and (CO)nMT-M'(OtBu)3M-MT(CO)nM(OtBu)3M'-MT(CO)n. In addition, an oligomeric species of the general formula [Sn(OtBu)3In-Mo(CO)4]n-Sn(OtBu)3In-Mo(CO)5 with n ~ 9, 10 has been isolated

Capacitive energy storage from -50 to 100 °C using an ionic liquid electrolyte

Relying on redox reactions, most batteries are limited in their ability to operate at very low or very high temperatures. While performance of electrochemical capacitors is less dependent on the temperature, present-day devices still cannot cover the entire range needed for automotive and electronics applications under a variety of environmental conditions. We show that the right combination of the exohedral nanostructured carbon (nanotubes and onions) electrode and a eutectic mixture of ionic liquids can dramatically extend the temperature range of electrical energy storage, thus defying the conventional wisdom that ionic liquids can only be used as electrolytes above room temperature. We demonstrate electrical double layer capacitors able to operate from -50 to 100 °C over a wide voltage window (up to 3.7 V) and at very high charge/discharge rates of up to 20 V/s

Identification of regulatory variants associated with genetic susceptibility to meningococcal disease.

Non-coding genetic variants play an important role in driving susceptibility to complex diseases but their characterization remains challenging. Here, we employed a novel approach to interrogate the genetic risk of such polymorphisms in a more systematic way by targeting specific regulatory regions relevant for the phenotype studied. We applied this method to meningococcal disease susceptibility, using the DNA binding pattern of RELA - a NF-kB subunit, master regulator of the response to infection - under bacterial stimuli in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. We designed a custom panel to cover these RELA binding sites and used it for targeted sequencing in cases and controls. Variant calling and association analysis were performed followed by validation of candidate polymorphisms by genotyping in three independent cohorts. We identified two new polymorphisms, rs4823231 and rs11913168, showing signs of association with meningococcal disease susceptibility. In addition, using our genomic data as well as publicly available resources, we found evidences for these SNPs to have potential regulatory effects on ATXN10 and LIF genes respectively. The variants and related candidate genes are relevant for infectious diseases and may have important contribution for meningococcal disease pathology. Finally, we described a novel genetic association approach that could be applied to other phenotypes

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

25th annual computational neuroscience meeting: CNS-2016

The same neuron may play different functional roles in the neural circuits to which it belongs. For example, neurons in the Tritonia pedal ganglia may participate in variable phases of the swim motor rhythms [1]. While such neuronal functional variability is likely to play a major role the delivery of the functionality of neural systems, it is difficult to study it in most nervous systems. We work on the pyloric rhythm network of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) [2]. Typically network models of the STG treat neurons of the same functional type as a single model neuron (e.g. PD neurons), assuming the same conductance parameters for these neurons and implying their synchronous firing [3, 4]. However, simultaneous recording of PD neurons shows differences between the timings of spikes of these neurons. This may indicate functional variability of these neurons. Here we modelled separately the two PD neurons of the STG in a multi-neuron model of the pyloric network. Our neuron models comply with known correlations between conductance parameters of ionic currents. Our results reproduce the experimental finding of increasing spike time distance between spikes originating from the two model PD neurons during their synchronised burst phase. The PD neuron with the larger calcium conductance generates its spikes before the other PD neuron. Larger potassium conductance values in the follower neuron imply longer delays between spikes, see Fig. 17.Neuromodulators change the conductance parameters of neurons and maintain the ratios of these parameters [5]. Our results show that such changes may shift the individual contribution of two PD neurons to the PD-phase of the pyloric rhythm altering their functionality within this rhythm. Our work paves the way towards an accessible experimental and computational framework for the analysis of the mechanisms and impact of functional variability of neurons within the neural circuits to which they belong

Obesity in pregnant women: a 20-year analysis of the German experience

Background/objective!#!To investigate the longitudinal development of maternal body weight and analyze the influence of obesity on obstetrics during more than two decades in Germany.!##!Subjects/methods!#!Data collected from the Federal state of Schleswig-Holstein (German Perinatal Survey) were analyzed with regard to the dynamics of maternal anthropometric variables (body weight, BMI) between 1995-7 and 2004-17. In total 335,511 mothers substantiated the presented study-collective. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY.!##!Results!#!Maternal BMI advanced significantly over the study period. Among a rise in mean periconceptional body weight (67.6-72.0 kg), the segment of obese women increased disproportionately (in average 9.4-19.2%). Despite the observed trend to late giving birth (mean maternal age 1995: 29.3 vs. 30.7 years in 2017), it was not advanced maternal age but parity that influenced the continuous increase in maternal weight (mean maternal body weight 1995-7: primi- bi-, multiparae 67.4, 68.3 and 69.0 kg vs. 2004-17: primi- bi-, multiparae 70.0, 71.5 and 73.2 kg respectively).!##!Conclusion!#!Obesity is a major problem on health issues in obstetrics. Advancing maternal BMI, increasing mother's age and derived prenatal risks considerably complicate pregnancy and delivery. It has to be emphasized that its consequences do not end with delivery or childbed, but represent a livelong burden to the mother and their offspring. Hence, multimodal strategies to reduce/control periconceptional body weight are mandatory