3. Un sujet propre à l’art figuratif des populations de l’Asie centrale au haut Moyen Âge

Depuis la nuit des temps, les steppes eurasiennes qui couvrent de larges espaces de l’ouest à l’est, de la mer Noire à la Mandchourie, constituent une sorte de passage qui assure un transfert culturel, génétique et linguistique. D’immenses groupements ethniques, ethno-sociaux et étatiques se formèrent sur ces étendues de steppes. Ils furent proches les uns des autres aux niveaux tant économique que culturel, des pasteurs nomades constituant des populations dominantes dans cette région. Au pre..

Repatriation, doxa, and contested heritages: the return of the Altai princess in an international perspective

Using Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and doxa, the authors analyze the contested heritage debates surrounding the sensational Scythian burial discovery of the Altai Princess, also called the Ice Maiden, on the Ukok plateau. Her 2012 repatriation to a special Gazprom-funded museum in the Altai Republic of Russia is politically contextualized and compared to cases of the Kennewick Man in the United States and the Lake Mungo Burials of Australia. The authors stress the importance of "heritage in the making" and conclude that diverse approaches to the Altai Princess must be understood through the historically constituted dispositions of various agents and their interaction with the structures governing society

Provable Mutual Benefits from Federated Learning in Privacy-Sensitive Domains

Cross-silo federated learning (FL) allows data owners to train accurate machine learning models by benefiting from each others private datasets. Unfortunately, the model accuracy benefits of collaboration are often undermined by privacy defenses. Therefore, to incentivize client participation in privacy-sensitive domains, a FL protocol should strike a delicate balance between privacy guarantees and end-model accuracy. In this paper, we study the question of when and how a server could design a FL protocol provably beneficial for all participants. First, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of mutually beneficial protocols in the context of mean estimation and convex stochastic optimization. We also derive protocols that maximize the total clients' utility, given symmetric privacy preferences. Finally, we design protocols maximizing end-model accuracy and demonstrate their benefits in synthetic experiments.Comment: AISTATS 2024; Camera-ready versio

Experience of Lichen Removal at Dyalbak Rock Art Site (Eastern Altai)

The paper features the results of the work aimed at studying and experimental local removal of lichens from rock planes with petroglyphs using two different methods. The first one, which has been proven and has become popular, consists in applying water to lichens and then removing them with wooden sticks. In the sec­ond case, a hydrogen peroxide and ammonia solution is used instead of water. As a results, the second method was identified as more efficient. Then, using the Karsten tubes penetration test, they compared the state of preservation of the planes where lichens were initially absent, and the planes from which they were removed. In the spring of 2021, monitoring of the planes subjected to lichen removal using the first method in 2018 and using the second method in 2020 demonstrated that no recolonization occurred, and no active destruction of the rock planes was observed. Certainly, the monitoring will continue, but even today, the positive results give reasons to continue removing lichens from rock planes in compliance with the principles of conservation of rock art monuments

Long-range exciton transport in brightly fluorescent furan/phenylene co-oligomer crystals

The design of light-emitting crystalline organic semiconductors for optoelectronic applications requires a thorough understanding of the singlet exciton transport process. In this study, we show that the singlet exciton diffusion length in a promising semiconductor crystal based on furan/phenylene co-oligomers is 24 nm. To achieve this, we employed the photoluminescence quenching technique using a specially synthesized quencher, which is a long furan/phenylene co-oligomer that was facilely implanted into the host crystal lattice. Extensive Monte-Carlo simulations, exciton-exciton annihilation experiments and numerical modelling fully supported our findings. We further demonstrated the high potential of the furan/phenylene co-oligomer crystals for light-emitting applications by fabricating solution-processed organic light emitting transistors

La Sibérie comme champ de transferts culturels

Entre le monde russe auquel il appartient et les mondes chinois ou mongol qui le bordent l’espace sibérien, espace immense dont l’Altaï constitue une des régions aux traditions les plus riches, est un trait d’union entre l’Europe et l’Asie mais aussi un véritable conservatoire de langues, de religions, d’ethnies dont les relations, qui concernent l’histoire locale mais aussi celle de l’Eurasie dans la longue durée sont encore insuffisamment explorées. Les phénomènes de réinterprétation, de resémantisation, liés au passage d’objets culturels d’un contexte culturel ou national à un autre, passages dans l’espace et passages dans le temps, peuvent constituer un fil directeur dans l’approche de ce territoire. Ces transferts diachroniques ou synchroniques sont d’ordre linguistique, ils concernent aussi l’histoire des cultures mises en contact, ils s’analysent à partir de la littérature, de l’expression artistique, de l’anthropologie, des traditions religieuses et obligent à solliciter nombre de disciplines pour comprendre un phénomène de recomposition permanente des identités à partir de la circulation des objets culturels

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI