Implementación de la Metodología 6S para mejorar la productividad del área de producción de la empresa MINEREX EIRL, Lima 2022

El presente estudio tiene como fin realizar mejoras significativas en el área de producción de MINEREX E.I.R.L., centrándose específicamente en la productividad, la cual se dicha empresa reside en la ciudad de Lima. Para esto, según los análisis realizados se aplicará el método de las 6S. Cabe resaltar que fue de gran importancia plantearse la clasificación, organización, pulcritud, seguridad, normalización y disciplina de la empresa MINEREX E.I.R.L. Los métodos desarrollados relacionados con los tipos de estudio se centraron en niveles descriptivos y enfoques cuantitativos. El diseño del estudio ha sido experimental de tipo preexperimental. La población fue integrada por 160 objetos y la muestra resultante por muestreo aleatorio simple dio el resultado de 132 objetos. La información fue analizada y posteriormente evaluada durante 3 meses. El efecto de utilizar la metodología 6S en el área de producción de la empresa es un 27.9% de incremento en la productividad y un 16.56% de incremento en la eficiencia al finalizar las labores en los lapsos de tiempos establecidos. Y la eficacia analizada contra la entrega conforme logró un incremento del 15.75%. Por ende, se concluyó que la introducción de la metodología 6S hará notables mejoras en la productividad del departamento de producción de la compañía MINEREX E.I.R.L., Lima 2022

Business games as teaching tools: an analysis of its application in the field of marketing management

[ES] Los avances tecnológicos y las aplicaciones web han permitido extender el uso de los simuladores de empresa o business games en la docencia universitaria. Se trata de una metodología docente activa que permite desarrollar en los estudiantes bastantes de las competencias generales y transversales que aparecen recogida en los planes de estudios de las titulaciones relacionadas con la administración y dirección de empresas.En este trabajo se describe el uso del simulador SIMBRAND como metodología docente en el Master en Marketing e Investigación de Mercados de la Universidad de Extremadura y, posteriormente, se presentan las valoraciones que los estudiantes hacen tanto de la actividad como del aprendizaje obtenido. Los resultados son valorados positivamente por los estudiantes y por el profesorado implicado, pero la experiencia también lleva a concluir la necesidad de tener en cuenta algunos aspectos claves para el correcto uso de esta herramienta, tales como la correcta planificación y d[EN] Technological advances and Web applications have allowed extending the use of simulators or business games at university teaching. This is an active methodology to develop student skills that are included in curricula of administration and business management degrees and masters.In this paper, we describe the use of SIMBRAND simulator as a teaching methodology at Master in Marketing and Market Research at the University of Extremadura. The results were positively assessed by the students and teachers involved in the project. The experience also reveals the need of considering some key aspects for the proper use of this tool, such as the planning and definition of the evaluation system, continuous monitoring and guidance from teacher to students and learning that students should have received previously from both the simulator and the teams’ management.Chamorro Mera, A.; Gracia Gallego, JM.; Miranda González, FJ. (2015). Los simuladores de empresa como instrumentos docentes: un análisis de su aplicación en el ámbito de la dirección de marketing. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 13(3):54-72. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2015.5419OJS5472133Arias-Aranda, D. (2007). Simulating reality for teaching strategic management. Innovations in Education & Teaching International, 44, 3, 273-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14703290701486662Arias, D., Haro, C. y Romerosa, M. M. (2010). Un enfoque innovador del proceso de ense-anza-aprendizaje en la dirección de empresas: el uso de simuladores en el ámbito universitario. Revista de Educación, 353, 707-721.Blanco, M. y García, F. (2006). La eficacia de los juegos de empresas en el ámbito de la Dirección de Empresas. ICONO, 14 NºVIIICapobianco, M., Fialho, F.A.P., Cunha, C. J. y Niveiros, S. I. (2013). Business Games for Leadership Development: A Systematic Review. Simulation & Gaming, 44, 4, 523-543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878112471509Chang, J. (2003). Use of Business Simulation Games in Hong Kong. Simulation & Gaming, 34, 3, 358-366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878103255876Chang, J., Lee, M., Ng, K. L. y Moon, K. L. (2003). Business Simulation Games: The Hong Kong Experience. Simulation & Gaming, 34, 3, 367-376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878103255877Domínguez, M, Rodríguez-Pérez, F. J. y González-Sánchez, J. L (2007). Simulador MPLS para la Innovación Pedagógica en el área de Ingeniería Telemática. IEEE-RITA, 2 1, 27-34.Faria, A. J. (1998). Business Simulation Games: Current Usage Levels: an Update. Simulation & Gaming, 29, 3, 295-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878198293002Faria, A. J. y Wellington, W. J. (2004). A Survey of Simulation Game Users, Former-Users, and Never-Users. Simulation & Gaming, 35, 2, 178-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878104263543Faria A. J. y Wellington, W. J. (2005). Validating business gaming: Business game conformity with PIMS findings. Simulation & Gaming, 36, 2, 259-273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878105275454Faria, A. J., Hutchinson, D., Wellington, W. J. y Gold, S. (2009). Developments in Business Gaming: A Review of the Past 40 Years. Simulation & Gaming, 40, 4, 464-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878108327585Fernández March, A. (2006). Metodologías activas para la formación de competencias. Educatio Siglo XXI, 24, 35-56.Fortmüller, R. (2009). Learning Through Business Games: Acquiring Competences Within Virtual Realities. Simulation & Gaming, 40, 1, 68-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878107308075García-Carbonell, A. y Watts, F. (2007). Perspectiva histórica de simulación y juego como estrategia docente: de la guerra al aula de lenguas para fines específicos. IBÉRICA, 13, 65-84.Garris R, Ahlers R., Driskell J. E. (2002). Games, Motivation and learning: A research and practice model, Simulation & Gaming, 33, No 4, 441-467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878102238607Gutiérrez, M., Romero, M. S. y Solórzano, M. (2011). El aprendizaje experiencial como metodología docente: aplicación del método Macbeth. Argos,28, 54.Hernández, A. B. y Campa, F. (2010). Competencias y utilidades de los juegos de negocios para la gestión empresarial: una experiencia formativa. Revista Iberoamericana de Contabilidad de Gestión. Volumen VIII, 15.Jaffe, E. D. y Nebenzahl, I. D. (1990). Group Interaction and Business Game Performance. Simulation & Gaming, 21, 2, 133-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878190212002MEC (2006). Directrices para la elaboración de títulos universitarios de grado y máster. Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. MadridNevado, A. J. (2008). Construcción de un simulador docente. Revista Espa-ola de Física, 22, 1, 61-65.Palés, J. L. y Gomar, C. (2010). El uso de las simulaciones en educación médica. TESI, 11, 2, 147-169.Palmunen, L. M., Pelto, E., Paalumäki, A. y Lainema, T. (2013). Formation of Novice Business Students' Mental Models Through Simulation Gaming. Simulation & Gaming, 44, 6, 846-868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878113513532Rachman-Moore, D., Kennett, R. S. (2006). The Use of Simulation to Improve the Effectiveness of Training in Performance Management. Journal of Management Education, 30, 3, 455-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562905280099Schank, R. C. (2002). Designing World-Class E-Learning: How IBM, GE, Harvard Business School and Columbia University Are Succeding at e-Learning. McGraw-Hill.Snow, S., Gehlen, F., Green J. C. (2002). Different ways to introduce a business simula-tion: The effect on student performance, Simulation & Gaming, 33, 4, 526-532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878102238617Van Dam, N. (2004). The e-Learning Fieldbook. McGraw-Hill.Wolfe, J. (1976). The effects and effectiveness of simulations in business policy teaching applications, Academy of Management Review, 47, 56-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amr.1976.4408663Wolfe, J. y Box, T. M. (1988). Team Cohesion Effects on Business Game Performance. Simulation & Gaming, 19, 1, 82-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003755008801900105Woolliscroft J. O., Calhoun J. G., Tenhaken J. D., Judge R. D. (1987). Harvey: the impact of a cardiovascular teaching simulator on student skill acquisition. Medical teacher, 9, 1, 53-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/0142159870902898

Is it possible to become a nurse in a refugee camp?

The history of the Western Sahara has been marked by several events that have contributed to the protracted refugee situation in which the Sahrawi people have found themselves since 1975: the Spanish colonization and the subsequent decolonization process, the armed struggles between the indigenous population and the states of Morocco and Mauritania to occupy Western Saharan territory, assassinations and repression of the Sahrawi population, and the economic interests of external agents with regards to mineral resources. Twenty-five years ago, in the hostile environment of the Sahrawi refugee camps, a nursing school was founded. Essentially depending on foreign aid, this school has been responsible for training nursing professionals to meet the healthcare needs of the population. The aim of this paper is to provide an approach to the origin and evolution of nursing education for the Sahrawi refugee camps. The Sahrawi are the only refugee camps in the world to host such nursing schools.CTS-990Funded by the ANDALUSIAN AGENCY FOR COOPERATION IN INTERNATIONALDEVELOPMENT, Junta de Andalucía, Spain, grant number: 2014DEC00

ME20-S as a Potential Biomarker for the Evaluation of Uveal Melanoma

PURPOSE: We previously identified the presence of the melanocyte-specific secreted (ME20-S) glycoprotein in secretomes of uveal melanoma (UM) cultures. The aim of this study was to test for the presence and levels of ME20-S in the serum of patients with choroidal nevi and UM and correlate these levels with individual clinical data. METHODS: Serum ME20-S levels were determined by ELISA in 111 patients distributed into four categories (53 choroidal nevi, 30 untreated UM, 11 10-year disease-free [DF] UM, 17 hepatic metastatic UM) and 32 age- and sex-matched controls. ME20-S levels were correlated with individual clinical data. RESULTS: The UM and the metastatic groups showed significantly higher levels of serum ME20-S than the other groups (P < 0.001). ME20-S levels in the DF patients did not differ from those in the control group. In addition, log-transformed serum ME20-S levels showed a positive correlation with the thickness of the lesion mass in UM patients (regression coefficient 0.0689, 95% confidence interval 0.0689-0.1123, R2 = 27.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated ME20-S serum levels are associated with tumor size and advanced stages of UM while low levels are characteristic of DF patients. ME20-S might be a promising serum marker for UM and useful for monitoring metastatic disease

Formal verification of safety protocol in train control system

In order to satisfy the safety-critical requirements, the train control system (TCS) often employs a layered safety communication protocol to provide reliable services. However, both description and verification of the safety protocols may be formidable due to the system complexity. In this paper, interface automata (IA) are used to describe the safety service interface behaviors of safety communication protocol. A formal verification method is proposed to describe the safety communication protocols using IA and translate IA model into PROMELA model so that the protocols can be verified by the model checker SPIN. A case study of using this method to describe and verify a safety communication protocol is included. The verification results illustrate that the proposed method is effective to describe the safety protocols and verify deadlocks, livelocks and several mandatory consistency properties. A prototype of safety protocols is also developed based on the presented formally verifying method

Influence of Antisynthetase Antibodies Specificities on Antisynthetase Syndrome Clinical Spectrum TimeCourse

Introduction: Increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is observed in inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs) such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. However, the management of CV disease in these conditions is far from being well established.Areas covered: This review summarizes the main epidemiologic, pathophysiological, and clinical risk factors of CV disease associated with IJDs. Less common aspects on early diagnosis and risk stratification of the CV disease in these conditions are also discussed. In Europe, the most commonly used risk algorithm in patients with IJDs is the modified SCORE index based on the revised recommendations proposed by the EULAR task force in 2017.Expert opinion: Early identification of IJD patients at high risk of CV disease is essential. It should include the use of complementary noninvasive imaging techniques. A multidisciplinary approach aimed to improve heart-healthy habits, including strict control of classic CV risk factors is crucial. Adequate management of the underlying IJD is also of main importance since the reduction of disease activity decreases the risk of CV events. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have a lesser harmful effect in IJD than in the general population, due to their anti-inflammatory effects along with other potential beneficial effects.This research was partially funded by FOREUM—Foundation for Research in Rheumatolog

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival