ATUALIDADES DA FARMACOTERAPIA DA COVID-19

Em dezembro de 2019 foi anunciado o aparecimento de um novo coronavírus, denominado de SARS-CoV-2, responsável por uma pandemia decretada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) em março de 2020. Além da busca por novas moléculas, diferentes fármacos que já estavam em estudos para outras infecções passaram a ser avaliados como alternativa terapêutica para este novo vírus. As pesquisas clínicas atuais compreendem o uso de fármacos anti-maláricos, antivirais, antiparasitários e imunomoduladores. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir fármacos disponíveis para um possível tratamento da COVID-19

Reflexões dos futuros professores de educação física sobre o seu processo de formação acadêmica

This qualitative study is dedicated to see how five future teachers of Physical Education- PE of Portugal understand their own academic training process and the relationship about their practicum experiences. The results showed that PEs feel the need for greater contact with the school reality during the academic formation and that their difficulties in the practicum concern the control and authority of the class when working modalities that were not present in the study plan. As a consideration, the presence of supervisors and supervisors as key to the support of the PE and the internship event is recorded.Investigación cualitativa con objetivo de retratar la percepción de cinco futuros profesores-PE portugueses sobre su propia formación académica, a través del grupo focal y el análisis de contenido. Los resultados demostraron que los PE sienten la necesidad de un mayor contacto con la realidad escolar durante la formación académica y que sus dificultades se refieren al control y autoridad de la clase al trabajar modalidades que no estaban presentes en el plan de estudio. Como consideración se registra la presencia de los profesores supervisor y orientador como fundamental para ayudar los PE y el acontecimiento de la practica supervisada.Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com o objetivo retratar a percepção de cinco professores-estagiários-PE portugueses sobre sua própria formação acadêmica, por meio do grupo focal e a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que os PE sentem a necessidade de um maior contato com a realidade escolar durante a formação acadêmica e que suas dificuldades no estágio dizem respeito ao controle e autoridade da turma ao se trabalhar modalidades que não estavam presentes no plano de estudo. Como consideração registra-se a presença dos professores supervisor e orientador como fundamentais para o auxílio dos PE e o acontecimento do estágio

Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs

[EN] In this paper, a series of composite proton exchange membranes comprising a cobaltacarborane protonated H[Co(C2B9H11)(2)] named (H[COSANE]) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) for a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is reported, with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes doped with phosphoric acid. The effects of the anion [Co(C2B9H11)(2)] concentration in three different polymeric matrices based on the PBI structure, poly(2,2 '-(m-phenylene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-1), poly[2,2 '-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole] (PBI-2) and poly(2,2 '-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-3), have been investigated. The conductivity, diffusivity and mobility are greater in the composite membrane poly(2,2 '-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) containing fluorinated groups, reaching a maximum when the amount of H[COSANE] was 15%. In general, all the prepared membranes displayed excellent and tunable properties as conducting materials, with conductivities higher than 0.03 S cm(-1)above 140 degrees C. From an analysis of electrode polarization (EP) the proton diffusion coefficients and mobility have been calculated.This work was financially supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) under project ENE/2015-69203-R and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) for the postdoctoral grant to J. O. The technical support of Servei de Microscpia Electrnica at Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and Servei Central d'Instrumentacio Cientifica at Universitat Jaume I is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thanks Prof. Santiago V. Luis (from Universitat Jaume I) and Dr Isabel Fuentes, Prof. Francesc Teixidor and Prof. Clara Vinas (from Instituto de Materiales de Barcelona, CSIC), for supplying the H[COSANE] compound.Olvera-Mancilla, J.; Escorihuela, J.; Alexandrova, L.; Andrio, A.; Garcia-Bernabe, A.; Del Castillo, LF.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2020). Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs. Soft Matter. 16(32):7624-7635. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0sm00743aS762476351632https://earthsky.org/earth/atmospheric-co2-record-high-may-2019Steele, B. C. H., & Heinzel, A. (2001). Materials for fuel-cell technologies. Nature, 414(6861), 345-352. doi:10.1038/35104620CLEGHORN, S. (1997). Pem fuel cells for transportation and stationary power generation applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 22(12), 1137-1144. doi:10.1016/s0360-3199(97)00016-5Wang, Y., Chen, K. S., Mishler, J., Cho, S. C., & Adroher, X. C. (2011). 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Polymer electrolyte fuel cells based on phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes. Energy, 32(4), 418-422. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2006.07.009Pant, B., Park, M., & Park, S.-J. (2019). One-Step Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Embedded Polyurethane Nano-Fiber/Net Structured Membrane as an Effective Antibacterial Medium. Polymers, 11(7), 1185. doi:10.3390/polym11071185Suryani, Chang, Y.-N., Lai, J.-Y., & Liu, Y.-L. (2012). Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-functionalized silica nanoparticles modified PBI nanocomposite membranes for proton exchange membranes fuel cells. Journal of Membrane Science, 403-404, 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.043Escorihuela, J., Sahuquillo, Ó., García-Bernabé, A., Giménez, E., & Compañ, V. (2018). Phosphoric Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI)/Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Composite Membranes with Significantly Enhanced Proton Conductivity under Low Humidity Conditions. 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Polymer, 30(6), 1012-1021. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(89)90072-4Xu, H., Chen, K., Guo, X., Fang, J., & Yin, J. (2007). Synthesis of novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole and preparation of cross-linked membranes for fuel cell application. Polymer, 48(19), 5556-5564. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.07.029Kumar B., S., Sana, B., Unnikrishnan, G., Jana, T., & Kumar K. S., S. (2020). Polybenzimidazole co-polymers: their synthesis, morphology and high temperature fuel cell membrane properties. Polymer Chemistry, 11(5), 1043-1054. doi:10.1039/c9py01403aChuang, S.-W., & Hsu, S. L.-C. (2006). Synthesis and properties of a new fluorine-containing polybenzimidazole for high-temperature fuel-cell applications. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 44(15), 4508-4513. doi:10.1002/pola.21555Chuang, S.-W., Hsu, S. L.-C., & Hsu, C.-L. (2007). Synthesis and properties of fluorine-containing polybenzimidazole/montmorillonite nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Journal of Power Sources, 168(1), 172-177. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.03.021Kang, Y., Zou, J., Sun, Z., Wang, F., Zhu, H., Han, K., … Meng, Q. (2013). Polybenzimidazole containing ether units as electrolyte for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(15), 6494-6502. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.03.051Mack, F., Aniol, K., Ellwein, C., Kerres, J., & Zeis, R. (2015). Novel phosphoric acid-doped PBI-blends as membranes for high-temperature PEM fuel cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3(20), 10864-10874. doi:10.1039/c5ta01337bErgun, D., Devrim, Y., Bac, N., & Eroglu, I. (2012). Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane for high temperature PEM fuel cell. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 124(S1), E267-E277. doi:10.1002/app.36507Yuan, S., Yan, G., Xia, Z., Guo, X., Fang, J., & Yang, X. (2013). Preparation and properties of covalently cross-linked sulfonated poly(sulfide sulfone)/polybenzimidazole blend membranes for fuel cell applications. High Performance Polymers, 26(2), 212-222. doi:10.1177/0954008313507589Sacco, A. (2017). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy: Fundamentals and application in dye-sensitized solar cells. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79, 814-829. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.159Gomadam, P. M., & Weidner, J. W. (2005). Analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. International Journal of Energy Research, 29(12), 1133-1151. doi:10.1002/er.1144Klein, R. J., Zhang, S., Dou, S., Jones, B. H., Colby, R. H., & Runt, J. (2006). Modeling electrode polarization in dielectric spectroscopy: Ion mobility and mobile ion concentration of single-ion polymer electrolytes. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 124(14), 144903. doi:10.1063/1.2186638Serghei, A., Tress, M., Sangoro, J. R., & Kremer, F. (2009). 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D., Mustarelli, P., & Quartarone, E. (2014). Polysulfonated Fluoro-oxyPBI Membranes for PEMFCs: An Efficient Strategy to Achieve Good Fuel Cell Performances with Low H3PO4Doping Levels. Advanced Energy Materials, 4(11), 1301949. doi:10.1002/aenm.201301949Ma, Y.-L., Wainright, J. S., Litt, M. H., & Savinell, R. F. (2004). Conductivity of PBI Membranes for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 151(1), A8. doi:10.1149/1.1630037Li, Q., Jensen, J. O., Savinell, R. F., & Bjerrum, N. J. (2009). High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells. Progress in Polymer Science, 34(5), 449-477. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.12.003Kumar, S. R., Wang, J.-J., Wu, Y.-S., Yang, C.-C., & Lue, S. J. (2020). Synergistic role of graphene oxide-magnetite nanofillers contribution on ionic conductivity and permeability for polybenzimidazole membrane electrolytes. 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Search for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at a nuclear reactor with CONNIE 2019 data

The Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Interaction Experiment (CONNIE) is taking data at the Angra 2 nuclear reactor with the aim of detecting the coherent elastic scattering of reactor antineutrinos with silicon nuclei using charge-coupled devices (CCDs). In 2019 the experiment operated with a hardware binning applied to the readout stage, leading to lower levels of readout noise and improving the detection threshold down to 50 eV. The results of the analysis of 2019 data are reported here, corresponding to the detector array of 8 CCDs with a fiducial mass of 36.2 g and a total exposure of 2.2 kg-days. The difference between the reactor-on and reactor-off spectra shows no excess at low energies and yields upper limits at 95% confidence level for the neutrino interaction rates. In the lowest-energy range, 50-180 eV, the expected limit stands at 34 (39) times the standard model prediction, while the observed limit is 66 (75) times the standard model prediction with Sarkis (Chavarria) quenching factors.Comment: 23 pages, 14 figure

A Narrative Review of Motor Competence in Children and Adolescents: What We Know and What We Need to Find Out

Lack of physical activity is a global public health problem causing not only morbidity and premature mortality, but it is also a major economic burden worldwide. One of the cornerstones of a physically active lifestyle is Motor Competence (MC). MC is a complex biocultural attribute and therefore, its study requires a multi-sectoral, multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approach. MC is a growing area of research, especially in children and adolescents due to its positive association with a plethora of health and developmental outcomes. Many questions, however, remain to be answered in this field of research, with regard to: (i) Health and Developmental-related Associations of MC; (ii) Assessment of MC; (iii) Prevalence and Trends of MC; (iv) Correlates and Determinants of MC; (v) MC Interventions, and (vi) Translating MC Research into Practice and Policy. This paper presents a narrative review of the literature, summarizing current knowledge, identifying key research gaps and presenting questions for future investigation on MC in children and adolescents. This is a collaborative effort from the International Motor Competence Network (IMCNetwork) a network of academics and researchers aiming to promote international collaborative research and knowledge translation in the expansive field of MC. The knowledge and deliverables generated by addressing and answering the aforementioned research questions on MC presented in this review have the potential to shape the ways in which researchers and practitioners promote MC and physical activity in children and adolescents across the worl

Ruínas de mundos perdidos: a estética residual de Brennand

This study tries to understand modern ruins through a Benjaminian reading. Besides analyzing Brennand’s heads as remainders of worlds which were lost in catastrophes, it relates Brennand’s sculptures to ruins in the works of some writers and poets such as Osman Lins, Antonio José Ponte, João Cabral de Melo Neto and Jorge Luis Borges

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo para hemorragia pós-parto: uma revisão sistemática

A hemorragia pós-parto (HPP) é uma complicação grave e uma das principais causas de mortalidade materna global, respondendo por aproximadamente 25% de todos os óbitos maternos. A busca por intervenções eficazes e seguras é crítica para melhorar os desfechos maternos. O tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo (VHD) surgiu como uma abordagem promissora, oferecendo potencial para rápido controle do sangramento e redução da necessidade de procedimentos invasivos. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade na prática clínica moderna. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 2016 a 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e SciELO. A seleção dos estudos foi baseada em critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos, focando na eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade do VHD para tratamento da HPP. Três estudos chave foram analisados, com pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com VHD para HPP. Os resultados demonstraram uma taxa de sucesso no tratamento variando de 73% a 94%, com um controle do sangramento alcançado em uma média de 3 minutos. Foi observada uma redução significativa na necessidade de transfusões maciças de sangue e na perda de sangue estimada quando comparado com o tamponamento com balão uterino. Eventos adversos foram relatados, mas todos resolveram-se sem sequelas graves. O tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo apresenta-se como uma opção promissora no tratamento da hemorragia pós-parto, com resultados consistentes indicando eficácia no controle do sangramento e redução na necessidade de transfusões sanguíneas. Embora os resultados sejam encorajadores, mais estudos são necessários para confirmar essas descobertas e explorar plenamente o potencial do VHD na prática clínica. O VHD emerge como uma alternativa eficaz e segura, com potencial para melhorar significativamente os desfechos maternos e reduzir a morbimortalidade associada à HPP