Choquet-inspired aggregation functions

In this work, we propose a new family of aggregation functions inspired by the well-known Choquet integral. To build these functions, we replace the measure in the definition of the Choquet integral by an appropriate function. We study the properties of these aggregation functions and explore the relations with some other common aggregation functions such as order statistics and overlap and grouping functions.H. Bustince, J. Fernandez and G.P. Dimuro are partially supported by research project PID2022-136627NB-I00, Spain ( MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER, UE ). G.P. Dimuro also thanks FAPERGS (Proc. 23/2551-0000126-8 ) and CNPq (Proc. 304118/2023-0 , 407206/2023-0 ). R. Mesiar is supported by Project VEGA 1/0036/23

Precise and low-cost computationally efficient method for operational modal analysis in wind turbines

Structural Health Monitoring of wind turbines using Operational Modal Analysis techniques has become increasingly important in the wind industry. This importance is underscored by the fact that many installed wind farms are nearing the end of their operational lifespan and require life extension strategies that ensure safe operation. However, most existing techniques in the state of the art are either imprecise or necessitate complex calculations and high computational costs. These limitations often require extensive data extraction for external processing, the use of complex processors, and the engagement of external services for data analysis, posing significant challenges for wind farm owners. This paper presents an Operational Modal Analysis algorithm designed for Structural Health Monitoring of wind turbines, addressing the aforementioned issues. The proposed algorithm is highly computationally efficient, allowing for implementation on a low-cost electronic node that can autonomously analyze the structural health of the wind turbine with high precision. To achieve this, the algorithm employs a combination of techniques, some of which are novel, such as the modeling of modes and harmonic elimination using linear Kalman filters. Other techniques, such as the Random Decrement Technique and the Ibrahim Time Domain, are well-established in literature. However, the specific combination of these techniques as presented in this paper is also a novelty. All these techniques involve simple calculations, resulting in an efficient algorithm with low computational cost. Moreover, this paper validates the algorithm using both synthetic signals from OpenFAST and real signals from wind turbines. The results are highly satisfactory, outperforming leading techniques in this context and confirming the algorithm's precision. Notably, the algorithm excels in damping estimation, a challenging aspect of Operational Modal Analysis applied to wind turbines, for which no existing Operational Modal Analysis techniques provide precise estimates. In conclusion, the algorithm presented in this paper offers a precise, efficient, and low-cost solution for Structural Health Monitoring of wind turbines, eliminating the need for extensive data processing and external analysis, thereby simplifying and improving the maintenance and operation of wind farms.This paper has been supported by the Spanish Research Agency, and the EU/PTR Next Generation Funds under grants PID2019-107258RB-C32, TED2021-131052B-C21, and PID2022-138491OB-C32. I. Vilella is supported by a grant for Industrial Doctorates 2021 from the Government of Navarre. Open access funding provided by Universidad Pública de Navarra

Efficient online generation of fuzzy measures via aggregation functions

Discrete fuzzy integrals (F-integrals) are fusion functions that leverage discrete fuzzy measures to capture interactions within the data. However, their scalability is often limited by the computational overhead of evaluating the measure across the entire measurable space. This paper introduces an efficient online approach for generating fuzzy measures using aggregation functions. The online methodology allows to calculate the F-integral alongside the fuzzy measure without increasing its asymptotic complexity and without requiring previous calculations. The role of the aggregation functions is to establish the properties of the generated measure. To this end, we define and study non-conjunctive aggregation functions, designed to prevent vanishing measures and ensure that the resulting measures retain meaningful and useful properties. In addition the methodology includes an optimizable component, enabling the learning of fuzzy measures and therefore the use of F-Integrals in learning environments. A complexity analysis confirms the method's efficiency, and experiments on supervised classification tasks demonstrate its practical utility.This work was supported in part by Oracle Cloud credits and related resources provided by the Oracle Strategic Partner & Innovation program. Open access funding provided by Universidad Pública de Navarra. Xabier Gonzalez-Garcia's and Humberto Bustince's research has been supported by the PID2022-136627NB-I00 project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. L'ubomíra Horanská has been supported by the project VEGA 1/0239/24 and VEGA 1/0318/25. Thanks to Dr. Javier Fumanal-Idocín for his support with the Ex-Fuzzy library

Compact fluorine-doped multimode fiber sensor for refractometry in the visible spectrum

We present the design and experimental validation of a compact refractive index sensor based on a multimodefluorine-doped-multimode (MFM) fiber structure. The sensor exploits modal interference eects in the visible spectrum by incorporating a FG105LCA multimode fiber segment with a fluorine-doped cladding. By varying the length and diameter of the central fiber segment, we achieve a significant shift in the attenuation peaks, enabling a high-resolution and compact design. Experimental results demonstrate a maximum sensitivity of 137.07 nm/RIU and a sensitivity of the wavelength shift to the refractive index up to 41.66 nm/RIU. Furthermore, a miniaturized reflective configuration using a 15 mm segment is proposed, oering both performance and integration advantages.This work was supported by Open Access funding provided by the Universidad Pública de Navarra

A systematic literature review of emergency communications assisted by unnamed aerial vehicles

Reliable communication systems are critical during emergency scenarios such as floods, earthquakes, fires, and hurricanes to ensure timely information exchange and minimize damage. However, traditional communication infrastructure is often severely compromised during such events. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising solution to deploy temporary communication networks in disaster-affected areas. Although several studies have proposed architectures and deployment strategies for UAV-assisted communication, and reviews have addressed their potential, comprehensive discussions on protocol configurations, architectural considerations, and deployment parameter optimization remain limited. This paper presents a systematic literature review covering the period from 2014 to 2024, focusing on the use of UAVs in emergency communication systems. The reviewed articles are classified into a structured taxonomy according to the emergency scenario, UAV role, communication architecture, and protocol layer. Additionally, common communication parameters optimized for deployment, such as coverage and throughput, and the optimization methods employed, including heuristic and artificial intelligence techniques, are identified. The findings reveal that UAVs are predominantly deployed as aerial base stations for large-scale dynamic disasters, with protocol development focusing mainly on the physical, data link, and network layers. However, the lack of standardized deployment guidelines and limited real-world experimentation highlight a significant research gap. This review underscores the need for benchmark methodologies to support the effective and comparable deployment of UAV-assisted emergency communication systems.The authors thank Tecnologico de Monterrey for its financial support. Isaac Lopez-Villegas and Erick Axel Martinez-Rios are funded by Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SECIHTI) (scholarships 162978 and 1010770, respectively)

Paradoxes of co-opting women into leadership positions: disparities in their identities as labour leaders in Spain

This article examines how women trade unionists in Spain construct and negotiate their leadership identities within organisations historically shaped by masculine norms. Drawing on a qualitative study based on 25 semi-structured interviews with women who currently hold or have held positions of responsibility within the main trade unions in the Basque Country or as union delegates representing them in various contexts, it explores the meanings attributed to leadership and the trajectories to power as narratives that underpin political identity. From a theoretical approach combining social constructionism and feminist poststructuralism, the article proposes a discursive reading of leadership as an unstable, situated and contested identity. The analysis identifies two key dynamics. Firstly, co-optation mechanisms enable access to power but also generate ambivalence and identity gaps that condition recognition while opening spaces for resistance and alternative forms of leadership. Secondly, when leadership is not linked to feminist objectives, women's identification as leaders becomes more fragile and less politicised. Rather than consolidating itself as a fixed identity, leadership is often exercised as a contextual and deliberative strategy that challenges normative frameworks of authority. The study offers a situated but potentially transferable perspective on the discursive construction of leadership in gendered terms, highlighting precarious yet significant forms of female agency in masculinised contexts and providing tools for rethinking their possibilities for re-signification.This work was supported by Emakunde – Basque Institute for Women, Government of the Basque Country (Spain) [Grant number Resolution of 5 July 2022]. Open access funding provided by Universidad Pública de Navarra

Efectos del EMI en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección reducida: revisión sistemática y propuesta de intervención.

Antecedentes: La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es un síndrome crónico causado por una anomalía cardíaca que reduce el gasto cardíaco y/o eleva las presiones intracardiacas en reposo o esfuerzo. Sus principales manifestaciones; disnea, fatiga y baja tolerancia al ejercicio; influyen negativamente en los pacientes, reduciendo su calidad de vida (CV) y longevidad. Objetivos: Evaluar la efectividad del entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (EMI) sobre la fuerza muscular respiratoria (FMR), disnea, capacidad funcional y otras variables en pacientes con IC con fracción de eyección reducida (ICFEr). Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases: PubMed, PEDro y Science Direct. Se incluyeron estudios que estudiaron programas de EMI en pacientes con ICFEr. Se analizaron variables como: disnea, capacidad funcional, CV o FMR. Para evaluar el sesgo se empleó la escala PEDro. Resultados: 11 artículos cumplieron los criterios de selección. El EMI demostró mejoras significativas en la disnea, capacidad funcional, CV, FMR y otras variables. Conclusiones: El EMI es eficaz en el abordaje de pacientes con ICFEr.Background: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic syndrome caused by an abnormality of the heart, resulting in reduced cardiac output and/or elevated intracardiac pressures at rest or during exertion. Its main symptoms, dyspnea, fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance, negatively affect patients, decreasing their quality of life (QoL) and longevity. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on respiratory muscle strength (RMS), dyspnea, functional capacity, and other variables in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methodology: A search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, PEDro y Science Direct. Studies evaluating IMT programs in HFrEF patients were included. Variables such as dyspnea, functional capacity, QoL and RMS were assessed. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate potential bias. Results: Eleven articles met the selection criteria. IMT showed significant improvements in dyspnea, functional capacity, QoL, RMS and in other variables. Conclusions: IMT is effective in managing patients with HFrEF.Graduado o Graduada en Fisioterapia por la Universidad Pública de NavarraFisioterapian Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

Physical activity is related to lower levels of neurofilament light and plasma tau protein: a 22-year follow-up study from adolescence to adulthood

Purpose: To investigate the association between physical activity (PA) and neurodegeneration biomarkers from adolescence to adulthood by examining tau protein and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in blood samples. Methods: The study analyzed data from adolescents aged 12–19 years who participated in Waves I (1994–1996) and V (2016–2018) of the Add Health study over a span of 22 years. It assessed PA through self-reported questionnaires. Neurodegeneration measures at Wave V used venous blood collected via phlebotomy. Samples were analyzed using single-molecule array (Simoa) technology on a Quanterix HD-1 analyzer, using digital enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify NfL and tau proteins from serum and plasma samples. Results: In the present study, 3,182 individuals participated, with females comprising 61% of the sample. Participants adhering to the PA guidelines in both waves reported lower levels of NfL (−0.583 pg/mL, 95% bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) confidence interval (CI): −1.235 to −0.068) and tau protein levels (−0.244 pg/mL, 95% BCa CI: −0.405 to −0.078). Adjusted analyses confirmed significant lower levels of tau protein (−0.210 pg/mL, 95% BCa CI: −0.350 to −0.072) for Wave I adherents and even lower levels in NfL (−0.421 pg/mL, 95% BCa CI: −0.929 to −0.007) and tau protein levels (−0.229 pg/mL, 95% BCa CI: −0.412 to −0.053) for active participants in both waves. Discussion: Our findings suggest that consistent engagement in PA may reduce certain neurodegenerative biomarkers, potentially influencing neurological health outcomes.This research received no external funding and uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris and designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Luces, sombras (y algún que otro claroscuro) en la sentencia del caso Rubiales

La violencia es un fenómeno que afecta a la sociedad en su conjunto y el deporte no es ajeno a esta realidad. Cuando se aborda su impacto en este ámbito suele ser habitual analizar los episodios violentos que surgen en el marco de los eventos deportivos, tanto dentro como fuera de los recintos deportivos. Sin embargo, este enfoque tiende a dejar en un segundo plano otras formas de violencia igualmente presentes en el contexto deportivo, como la violencia de género

Fast calculation methods for the magnetic field of particle lattices

With the rise of 3D printing and composite materials, components comprising dispersed magnetic particles have become more interesting due to the possibility to design magnetic elements of any shape with varying amounts of the actual magnetic material. However, quick and easy calculation methods are needed to design these components enabling the selection of the optimum required percentage of magnetic particles (millimeter parts contain billions of micro-sized particles). This work proposes a semi-analytical iterative method for the estimation of the magnetic field generated by magnetic composites formed by embedded magnetic particles. The model is compared in terms of accuracy and calculation speed with finite element analysis and the average magnetization model of the magnetic composite. The results are finally supported by the comparison with experimental measurements of the weak magnetic field generated by a magnetic particle lattice.This work was partially supported by Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, Project No. TED2021-130884B-I00