Universidad Publica de Navarra

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    Nyström discretizations of boundary integral equations for the solution of 2D elastic scattering problems

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    We present three high-order Nyström discretization strategies of various boundary integral equation formulations of the impenetrable time-harmonic Navier equations in two dimensions. One class of such formulations is based on the four classical Boundary Integral Operators (BIOs) associated with the Green’s function of the Navier operator. We consider two types of Nyström discretizations of these operators, one that relies on Kussmaul–Martensen logarithmic splittings (Chapko et al., 2000; Domínguez and Turc, 2000), and the other on Alpert quadratures (Alpert, 1999). In addition, we consider an alternative formulation of Navier scattering problems based on Helmholtz decompositions of the elastic fields (Dong et al., 2021), which can be solved via a system of boundary integral equations that feature integral operators associated with the Helmholtz equation. Owing to the fact that some of the BIOs that are featured in those formulations are non-standard, we use Quadrature by Expansion (QBX) methods for their high order Nyström discretization. Alternatively, we use Maue integration by parts techniques to recast those non-standard operators in terms of single and double layer Helmholtz BIOs whose Nyström discretizations is amenable to the Kussmaul– Martensen methodology. We present a variety of numerical results concerning the high order accuracy that our Nyström discretization elastic scattering solvers achieve for both smooth and Lipschitz boundaries. We also present extensive comparisons regarding the iterative behavior of solvers based on different integral equations in the high frequency regime. Finally, we illustrate how some of the Nyström discretizations we considered can be incorporated seamlessly into the Convolution Quadrature (CQ) methodology to deliver high-order solutions of the time domain elastic scattering problems.Catalin Turc gratefully acknowledges support from NSF through contract DMS-1908602. Víctor Domínguez is partially supported by projects “Adquisición de conocimiento minería de datos, funciones especiales métodos numéricos avanzados” from Universidad Pública de Navarra, Spain and “Técnicas innovadoras para la resolución de problemas evolutivos”, ref. PID2022-136441NB-I00 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Gobierno de España, Spain

    Herramientas en el IoT Industrial para soluciones de gestión en la fábrica inteligente

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    Este proyecto se ha desarrollado como trabajo principal de las prácticas curriculares en Elara Ingenieros S.L., empresa centrada en brindar soluciones para la fábrica del futuro, la cual será una fábrica inteligente y conectada. El Internet de las Cosas se está adentrando en el entorno industrial, debido a la gran sensorización de este, en lo que se conoce como IIoT (Industrial IoT). En el presente Trabajo Fin de Grado, se analizarán las soluciones más extendidas en este contexto, teniendo como objeto final el montaje de una infraestructura de recogida de datos. Se explorarán herramientas a nivel de conectividad como OPC UA y el protocolo MQTT; para las labores de puente de conexión, se indagará en las capacidades de Node-RED; finalmente, se planteará el despliegue de una organización de la información vanguardista, Unified Namespace, que se presenta como alternativa a la tradicional pirámide CIM. En paralelo y de forma complementaria, se desarrollará un trabajo de investigación que tendrá como fin descubrir las ventajas y limitaciones que tiene el uso de una IA de procesamiento de lenguaje natural como herramienta de documentación. Concretamente, se trabajará con la solución de OpenAI: ChatGPT.Graduado o Graduada en Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica por la Universidad Pública de NavarraIngeniaritza Elektriko eta Elektronikoko Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

    Los procesos de revisión de textos narrativos en 4º de la ESO

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    Recientes investigaciones sobre la escritura, basadas en las teorías cognitivas, muestran que escribir es un proceso complejo, en el que se realizan, de manera recursiva, tres actividades: planificación, producción y revisión. Por eso, el profesorado del aula de secundaria se ocupa, cada vez más, de los borradores y no solo del producto final. Tomando como base esta perspectiva, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar los procesos de revisión individual del alumnado de 4º de la ESO, sin mediación de una intervención didáctica, con los procesos de revisión colaborativa. Con este fin, se han analizado las tres versiones de un texto narrativo entregado por los y las participantes para la investigación y las grabaciones en audio de las interacciones en pareja. A través de los datos extraídos, se ha comprobado que, en todos los casos, ha habido una mejoría a consecuencia de las diferentes revisiones. De todas ellas, se ha visto que las colaborativas, tras una intervención didáctica relacionada con la puntuación, han sido las más eficientes. No obstante, también se ha apreciado que estas revisiones han sido principalmente mecánicas, referidas a la presentación, la ortografía y la puntuación, aunque las conversaciones muestren reflexiones lingüísticas más profundas.Recent research on writing, based on cognitive theories, shows that writing is a complex process, in which three activities are carried out recursively: planning, production and revision. For this reason, teachers in the secondary classroom are increasingly concerned with drafts and not only with the final product. Based on this perspective, the aim of this paper is to compare the individual revision processes of 4th ESO students, without the mediation of a didactic intervention, with collaborative revision processes. To this end, the three versions of a narrative text submitted by the participants for the research and the audio recordings of the interactions in pairs have been analysed. Through the data extracted, it was found that, in all cases, there was an improvement as a result of the different revisions. Of all of them, it has been seen that the collaborative ones, after a didactic intervention related to punctuation, have been the most efficient. However, it has also been observed that these revisions have been mainly mechanical, referring to presentation, spelling and punctuation, although the conversations show deeper linguistic reflections.Máster Universitario en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria por la Universidad Pública de NavarraBigarren Hezkuntzako Irakasletzako Unibertsitate Masterra Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

    Aplicaciones informáticas para la gestión de los recursos humanos: condiciones de licitud

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    Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado tiene la finalidad de realizar un análisis exhaustivo sobre la evolución de las aplicaciones automatizadas dentro de la gestión de datos, sobre el ámbito de las posibles funciones actuales y futuras que los departamentos de recursos humanos ostentan y que implican la gestión de datos de posibles trabajadores o usuarios externos. Concretamente en el análisis de la aplicación de a3innuva de Wolters Kluwer como supuesto de estudio. Observando cual es la situación actual de la normativa referente, junto a su evolución y necesidad de cambio. Además de incidir en los distintos modos de actuación ante las posibles situaciones de riesgo existentes para todos aquellos trabajadores y usuarios que se vean implicados en los distintos procesos de gestión que impliquen el uso de dispositivos de análisis de datos automatizados que puedan vulnerar sus derechos y deberes fundamentales.This Final Degree project has the purpose of carrying out an exhaustive analysis on the evolution of automated applications within data management, on the scope of possible current and future functions that human resources departments hold and that involve management of data of possible workers or external users. Specifically, in the analysis of the application of a3innuva by Wolters Kluwer as a case study. Observing what is the current situation of the referring regulations, along with its evolution and need for change. In addition to influencing the different modes of action in the face of possible risk situations for all those workers and users who are involved in the different management processes that involve the use of automated data analysis devices that may violate their rights and duties fundamental.Graduado o Graduada en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos por la Universidad Pública de NavarraLan Harremanetan eta Giza Baliabideetan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

    Is there an expiration effect in the bitcoin market?

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    This paper studies the monthly expiration effect in the bitcoin markets. The emergence of trading in bitcoin futures in regulated markets is an ideal occasion to test this effect on an asset with singular characteristics. Our results with intraday data show that around the time of maturity there are significant changes in the trading volume, volatility and return of bitcoin, an asset that is traded in many exchanges simultaneously. Therefore, there is a clear expiration effect related to bitcoin futures. The closer to the expiration time (shortly beforehand or afterwards), the more intense these effects are. However, in spite of these general results, the expiration effect is not homogeneous across exchanges and depends on the characteristics of the futures contract in question. Robustness tests are also applied to confirm the results. The increasing participation of institutional investors is consistent with our findings, particularly in relation to the expiration effects of cash-settled futures, as these contracts are more appealing for sophisticated investors who could be interested in arbitrage or speculative processes.Grant PID2019-104304GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 ; Grant RTI2018-093483-B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF A way of making Europe; Grant S11_20R: Cembe funded by the Government of Aragon and ERDF

    Contrasting sources and 'game of mirrors'. A methodological approach to the Spanish Civil War experience studies

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    Este artículo tiene como principales objetivos presentar la trayectoria de la experiencia bélica en tanto que cuestión historiográfica, centrándose sobre todo en el recorrido que ha tenido en la academia española, y problematizar esta línea de estudio a través del análisis crítico de sus fuentes primarias. Para ello, se propondrán tres tipos distintos de fuentes que se creen idóneas para la investigación de la experiencia de guerra de los combatientes republicanos (los egodocumentos, las publicaciones del frente y la documentación militar), y se valorarán sus potencialidades interpretativas, así como las trampas consecuentes de su naturaleza. A partir de estos planteamientos, se ilustrará la importancia de usar adecuadamente una fuente para sacarle el máximo partido interpretativo, así como lo vital que resulta encontrar otras fuentes con las que se las pueda contrastar.Artikulu honen helburu nagusia, batetik, esperientzia belikoaren ibilbidea auzi historiografiko moduan aurkeztea da, batik bat Espainiako akademian izan duen ibilbidean zentratuta, eta, bestetik, ikerketa-lerro hori zalantzan jartzea, erabiltzen dituen lehen mailako iturrien analisi kritikoa eginez. Horretarako, borrokalari errepublikanoen gerra-esperientzia ikertzeko egokitzat jotzen diren hiru iturri hartuko ditugu kontuan (egodokumentuak, fronteko argitalpenak eta dokumentazio militarra), eta interpretaziorako duten potentzialtasuna eta haien nolakotasunak eragindako tranpak baloratuko ditugu. Planteamendu horietatik abiatuta, aztergai izanen dugu zein garrantzitsua den iturri bat egoki erabiltzea interpretazioaren ikuspegitik ahalik eta probetxu handiena ateratzeko, baita kontrastatzen ahal diren beste iturri batzuk bilatzea ere.The main objectives of this article are to present the trajectory of the War Experience as a historiographical issue, focusing mostly on the trajectory it has had in the Spanish academy, and to problematize this line of study through the critical analysis of its primary sources. For that purpose, three different types of sources suitable for the investigation of the republican combatants’ war experience will be proposed (ego-documents, front publications and military documentation). Their interpretative potential will be assessed, as well as the consequent pitfalls of their nature. Based on these approaches, the importance of properly using a source will be illustrated to get the most out of it interpretatively, as well as how vital it is to find other sources with which they can be contrasted.Este trabajo se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación financiado por una beca FPU/2019 del Ministerio de Universidades del Gobierno de Españ

    Multi-objective optimization of tool wear, surface roughness, and material removal rate in finishing honing processes using adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems

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    Honing processes are usually employed to manufacture combustion engine cylinders and hydraulic cylinders. Honing provides a crosshatch pattern that favors the oil flow. In this paper, Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models were obtained for tool wear, average roughness Ra, cylindricity and material removal rate in finishing honing processes. In addition, multi-objective optimization with the desirability function method was applied, in order to determine the process parameters that allow minimizing roughness, cylindricity error and tool wear, while maximizing material removal rate. The results showed that grain size and tangential velocity should be at their minimum levels, while density, pressure and linear velocity should be at their maximum levels. If only roughness, cylindricity error and tool wear are considered, then low grain size, low pressure and low linear velocity are recommended, while density and tangential velocity vary, depending on the optimization algorithm employed. This work will help to select appropriate process parameters in finishing honing processes, when roughness, cylindricity error and tool wear are to be minimized.Financial support of these studies from Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland, by the DEC-6/2021/IDUB/IV.2/EUROPIUM application number 035506 grant under the IDUB - ‘Excellence Initiative - Research University’ program is gratefully acknowledged

    Association of the practice of physical activity and dietary pattern with psychological distress before and during Covid-19 in Brazilian adults

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    To verify the association between the practice of physical activity and dietary patterns and psychological distress before and during the lockdown due to COVID-19, a cross-sectional study was performed with 2000 Brazilians (mean [M] = 35.78 years; standard deviation [SD] = 11.20; 59.6% women) recruited through convenience sampling via digital media. Participants completed an electronic questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical information, nutritional patterns, physical activity, and psychological distress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multinomial regression. Before the COVID-19 lockdown, the chance of women presenting very high stress, in relation to men, was six times higher (OR = 6.32; 95% CI 4.20–9.51), a behavior that remained similar during the lockdown (OR = 6.63; 95% CI 4.40–10.00). Before the lockdown, insufficient physical activity doubled the chance of having very high stress in relation to those who engaged in physical activities six to seven times a week (OR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.10–4.02). However, during the lockdown, this probability was higher, from twice to 10 times the chance (OR = 10.19; 95% CI 4.85–21.41). Not exercising alone (OR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.52–3.11) and a decreasing physical activity frequency (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.40–3.71) were also associated with very high stress during the lockdown. Additionally, the consumption of smaller amounts of food showed an inverse association with very high stress (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.18–0.43). The maintenance of physical activity and an adequate eating frequency are measures that should be considered to cope with higher levels of anxiety and depression

    Prioritizing the environment or economic growth: insights from the world values survey

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    Para una transición sostenible es relevante analizar las percepciones de las poblaciones, ya que su concienciación afecta directamente a la eficacia de las medidas y políticas aplicadas. Para ello, se ha tomado como base la séptima olea de World Values Survey (2017-2022), que pone a los encuestados ante la disyuntiva de tener que elegir si la máxima prioridad debe ser la protección del medio ambiente o el crecimiento económico. En primer lugar, se analizan las respuestas a nivel mundial y, a continuación, se restringe la base de datos a las respuestas de China, Estados Unidos y Alemania. Esto proporciona una visión más detallada de los factores que pueden influir en la priorización de la protección del medio ambiente sobre el crecimiento económico para cada individuo. La regresión logística binaria revela que existen diferencias entre las respuestas de los tres países. Dependiendo del país, los factores que afectan positiva o negativamente varían significativamente, pero los tres coinciden en que el nivel de educación afecta positivamente a que las personas prioricen la protección de medio ambiente.For a sustainable transition, it is relevant to analyse the perceptions of the population, as their awareness directly affects the effectiveness of the measures and policies implemented. To this end, the seventh wave of the World Values Survey (2017-2022) has been taken as a basis, which puts respondents at the dilemma of having to choose whether environmental protection or economic growth should be the top priority. First, the responses are analysed globally and then the database is limited in responses from China, the United States, and Germany. This provides a more detail vision of which factors may influence the prioritization of environmental protection over economic growth for each individual. Binary logistic regression reveals that there are differences between the responses of the three countries. Depending on the country, the factors that affect positively or negatively vary significantly, but all three countries agree that the level of education positively influences on priority people give to environment.Graduado o Graduada en Administración y Dirección de Empresas por la Universidad Pública de Navarra (Programa Internacional)Enpresen Administrazio eta Zuzendaritzan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoan (Nazioarteko Programa

    New functions for Cyt proteins and sporulation determinants in Bacillus thuringiensis

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    En este estudio, primero nos centramos a encontrar nuevas proteínas insecticidas y factores sinérgicos con actividad contra larvas de A. albopictus. Nuestro primer objetivo, fue caracterizar la actividad individual de las proteínas del cristal Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba y Cry11Aa contra A. albopictus y encontrar nuevas proteínas que contribuyesen a diversificar los ingredientes activos basados en Bt actualmente disponibles. Uno de nuestros resultados nos permitió encontrar y caracterizar una nueva proteína Cyt1A-like, que aumentaba la actividad de Cry11Aa más de 10 veces y activaba a tres proteínas nuevas Cry53-like, Cry56Alike y Tpp36-like que no eran tóxicas por sí solas. Estos resultados posicionaron a las proteínas Cyt como facilitadores de la actividad de proteínas cristalinas que, de otro modo, no resultaban tóxicas. Como segundo objetivo, nos centramos en comprender el vínculo entre la esporulación y la formación de cristales en Bt. En la literatura, se describe extensamente cómo se acoplan ambos procesos están estrechamente relacionados. Sin embargo, la mayoría de dichos estudios suelen girar en torno a reguladores generales de la esporulación que, además, son críticos para la expresión de proteínas cristalinas. En este caso, nuestro objetivo fue encontrar determinantes de esporulación que fueran críticos para la generación de las esporas, pero prescindibles para la formación de los cristales. A través de una estrategia de mutagénesis aleatoria, descubrimos un gen esencial para la esporulación, spoIIIAA, que no afectaba a la producción del cristal. El transcriptoma del mutante spoIIIAA reveló que varios genes de la esporulación, así como una hidrolasa de la pared celular se encontraban afectados en su expresión. Además, varios factores de virulencia se encontraron sobre expresados, sin embargo, los genes de la proteína cristalina mantuvieron sus niveles de expresión sin cambios. Finalmente, reproducimos la misma mutación, mediante mutagénesis dirigida, en la cepa AM 65-52. Tanto la cepa parental como el mutante asporígeno derivado conservaron la capacidad de producir cristales activos contra las larvas de Aedes aegypti y A. albopictus. En resumen, en este trabajo proporcionamos nuevos conocimientos sobre las proteínas del cristal con actividad frente a mosquitos, especialmente las proteínas Cyt y su capacidad para habilitar la actividad de proteínas que, de otro modo, no serían tóxicas. Análogamente, se presentan resultados que posicionan a SpoIIIAA como un regulador crítico de la esporulación que no afecta a la expresión de las proteínas cristalinas.In this study, we first aimed at finding new insecticidal proteins and synergistic factors with activity against A. albopictus larvae. Our first goal was to characterize the individual activity of Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa against A. albopictus and find new proteins that contribute to diversifying the currently available Bt active ingredients. Interestingly, we found a new protein, Cyt1A-like, which increased the activity of Cry11Aa more than 10-fold and enabled the activity of three new Bt toxins, Cry53-like, Cry56A-like and Tpp36-like that were non-toxic on their own. These results positioned Cyt proteins, as enablers of activity for otherwise non-active crystal proteins in addition to their previously described synergistic properties. As a second objective, we focused on understanding the link between sporulation and crystal formation in Bt. In the literature, there is extensive data describing how sporulation and crystal formation are coupled. However, most of said studies usually revolve around master regulators of sporulation that are critical for the expression of crystal proteins. Here, we aimed at finding sporulation determinants that were critical for the generation of the spores but dispensable for crystal formation. Through randomized mutagenesis, we discovered an essential gene for sporulation, spoIIIAA, which did not affect the production of the crystal when interrupted. The transcriptome of the spoIIIAA mutant revealed that several sporulation genes were downregulated alongside a cell wall hydrolase. Moreover, several virulence factors were upregulated, however, the crystal protein genes had their expression levels unchanged. Finally, we reproduced the same mutation, through site directed mutagenesis, in the AM 65-52 strain. Both wild type strain and asporogenous derivative mutant retained the ability to produce crystals that were active against A. aegypti and A. albopictuslarvae. All in all, we provide novel insights into mosquitocidal crystal proteins, especially Cyt proteins and their ability to enable the activity of otherwise non-toxic proteins, and the importance of SpoIIIAA as a sporulation-specific regulator that does not affect the expression of crystal proteins.To carry out this Doctoral Thesis, Liliana Lai obtained a pre-doctoral fellowship Iberus Talent, H2020 research and innovation programme under Maria Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement N° 801586.Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología (RD 99/2011)Bioteknologiako Doktoretza Programa (ED 99/2011

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