9 research outputs found

    Sexual behavior and drug consumption among young adults in a shantytown in Lima, Peru

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Risky sexual behaviors of young adults have received increasing attention during the last decades. However, few studies have focused on the sexual behavior of young adults in shantytowns of Latin America. Specifically, studies on the association between sexual behaviors and other risk factors for sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV/AIDS transmission, such as the consumption of illicit drugs or alcohol are scarce in this specific context.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study participants were 393 men and 400 women between 18 and 30 years of age, from a shantytown in Lima, Peru. Data were obtained via survey: one section applied by a trained research assistant, and a self-reporting section. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between use of any illicit drug, high-risk sexual behaviors and reported STI symptoms, adjusting for alcohol consumption level and various socio-demographic characteristics.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among men, age of sexual debut was lower, number of lifetime sexual partners was higher, and there were higher risk types of sexual partners, compared to women. Though consistent condom use with casual partners was low in both groups, reported condom use at last intercourse was higher among men than women. Also, a lifetime history of illicit drug consumption decreased the probability of condom use at last sexual intercourse by half. Among men, the use of illicit drugs doubled the probability of intercourse with a casual partner during the last year and tripled the probability of reported STI symptoms.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Drug consumption is associated with high-risk sexual behaviors and reported STI symptoms in a Lima shantytown after controlling for alcohol consumption level. Development of prevention programs for risky sexual behaviors, considering gender differences, is discussed.</p

    Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons

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    This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe CMS muon system has been aligned using cosmic-ray muons collected in 2008 and beam-halo muons from the 2008 LHC circulating beam tests. After alignment, the resolution of the most sensitive coordinate is 80 microns for the relative positions of superlayers in the same barrel chamber and 270 microns for the relative positions of endcap chambers in the same ring structure. The resolution on the position of the central barrel chambers relative to the tracker is comprised between two extreme estimates, 200 and 700 microns, provided by two complementary studies. With minor modifications, the alignment procedures can be applied using muons from LHC collisions, leading to additional significant improvements.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR(Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

    Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons

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    This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe CMS muon system has been aligned using cosmic-ray muons collected in 2008 and beam-halo muons from the 2008 LHC circulating beam tests. After alignment, the resolution of the most sensitive coordinate is 80 microns for the relative positions of superlayers in the same barrel chamber and 270 microns for the relative positions of endcap chambers in the same ring structure. The resolution on the position of the central barrel chambers relative to the tracker is comprised between two extreme estimates, 200 and 700 microns, provided by two complementary studies. With minor modifications, the alignment procedures can be applied using muons from LHC collisions, leading to additional significant improvements.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR(Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

    EvaluaciĂłn de parĂĄmetros durante la extrusiĂłn de una mezcla de harinas de tarwi (lupinus mutabilis) y arroz (orysa sativa) para la producciĂłn de un snack

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    TesisEl presente trabajo se elaboró en las instalaciones del Instituto de Investigación Agroindustrial, y en el laboratorio de Anålisis y Composición de Productos Agroindustriales de la escuela profesional de Ingeniería Agroindustrial de la Universidad Nacional del Santa. En las pruebas experimentales se utilizó harinas de tarwi y arroz. Se estableció trabajar la harina de tarwi en porcentajes (8, 10, 12) % y harina de arroz en porcentajes (88, 90, 92) %. Los paråmetros de extrusion fueron; temperatura de extrusion (100, 110, 115) °C, velocidad de alimentación 1 kg/min, velocidad de rotación del tornillo 1560 rpm, velocidad de cuchilla 630 rpm, diåmetro de la boquilla de salida 0,6 mm y caudal de agua 19.5 ml/min. Los experimentos se desarrollaron utilizando un arreglo factorial multinivel, obteniendo 9 corridas experimentales. Luego de la ejecución del estudio se determinó la mejor formulación mediante anålisis sensorial y anålisis químico proximal, el contenido fue de arroz (90%) y tarwi (10%), extruido a una temperatura de 110°C, obteniendo un contenido de proteínas de 13.11% y fibra de 4.03%. Su vida útil fue de 25 días, siendo un producto de alto contenido proteico y apto para su consumo

    Efecto de la temperatura de extrusiĂłn en la mezcla de harinas de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) y arroz Orysa sativa) para la producciĂłn de un Snack

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    The grains of tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis S.) have a high protein content, and are also very rich in some essential amino acids, such as lysine. However, the extrusion parameters significantly affect the protein contents of the generated products. The main objective of the study was to determine the best extrusion temperature in a snack made from tarwi and rice flours. For the production of the snack, tarwi flour (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) was used, in three concentrations (8, 10 and 12%) and three proportions of rice flour (Orysa sativa) (88, 90 and 92%). The extrusion parameters were: extrusion temperature (100, 110, 115) ° C, screw rotation speed 1560 rpm, feed speed 1kg / min, blade speed 630 rpm, water flow 19.5 ml / min and diameter of the outlet nozzle 0.6 mm. A multilevel factorial design was used, achieving 9 experimental runs. The results of the sensory and proximal chemical analysis determined that the best snack formulation was obtained with 90% of the rice content and 10% of the tarwi content; furthermore, it was determined that the extrusion temperature was 110 ° C. The prepared snack resulted in a protein content of 13.11%, 4.03% fiber and its shelf life was 25 days; resulting in a product with high protein content, high organoleptic acceptance and suitable for consumption.Los granos de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis S.) poseen un elevado contenido proteico, siendo ademås muy ricos en algunos aminoåcidos esenciales, tales como la lisina. Sin embargo, los paråmetros de extrusión afectan de manera significativa los contenidos proteicos de los productos generados. El objetivo principal del estudio fue determinar la mejor temperatura de extrusión en un snack elaborado a partir de harinas de tarwi y arroz. Para la producción del snack se utilizó la harina de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet), en tres concentraciones (8, 10 y 12 %) y tres proporciones de la harina de arroz (Orysa sativa) (88, 90 y 92 %). Los paråmetros de extrusión fueron: temperatura de extrusión (100, 110, 115) °C, velocidad de rotación del tornillo 1560 rpm, velocidad de alimentación 1kg/min, velocidad de cuchilla 630 rpm, caudal de agua 19.5 ml/min y diåmetro de la boquilla de salida 0,6 mm. Se utilizó un diseùo factorial multinivel, consiguiendo 9 corridas experimentales. Los resultados de los anålisis sensorial y químico proximal determinaron que la mejor formulación del snack se obtuvo con el 90 % del contenido de arroz y 10 % del contenido de tarwi; ademås se determinó que la temperatura de extrusión fue de 110°C. El snack elaborado resultó con un contenido proteico de 13.11 %, 4.03 % de fibra y su tiempo de vida útil fue de 25 días; resultando un producto de alto contenido proteico, de alta aceptación organolÊptica y apto para el consumo

    Time Reconstruction and Performance of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter

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    see paper for full list of authorsThe resolution and the linearity of time measurements made with the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter are studied with samples of data from test beam electrons, cosmic rays, and beam-produced muons. The resulting time resolution measured by lead tungstate crystals is better than 100 ps for energy deposits larger than 10 GeV. Crystal-to-crystal synchronization with a precision of 500 ps is performed using muons produced with the first LHC beams in 2008
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