Cosmic Evolution in Brans-Dicke Chameleon Cosmology

We have investigated the Brans-Dicke Chameleon theory of gravity and obtained exact solutions of the scale factor $a(t)$, scalar field $\phi(t)$, an arbitrary function $f(\phi)$ which interact with the matter Lagrangian in the action of the Brans-Dicke Chameleon theory and potential $V(\phi)$ for different epochs of the cosmic evolution. We plot the functions $a(t)$, $\phi(t)$, $f(t)$ and $V(\phi)$ for different values of the Brans-Dicke parameter. In our models, there is no accelerating solution, only decelerating one with $q>0$. The physical cosmological distances have been investigated carefully. Further the statefinder parameters pair and deceleration parameter are discussed.Comment: To be appear in "The European Physical Journal - Plus (EPJ Plus)",Extended version,15 pages, 17eps figure

Twist-2 Heavy Flavor Contributions to the Structure Function g2(x,Q2)g_2(x,Q^2)

The twist--2 heavy flavor contributions to the polarized structure function $g_2(x,Q^2)$ are calculated. We show that this part of $g_2(x,Q^2)$ is related to the heavy flavor contribution to $g_1(x,Q^2)$ by the Wandzura--Wilczek relation to all orders in the strong coupling constant. Numerical results are presented.Comment: 17 pages LATEX, 1 style files, 4 figure

Random effects diagonal metric multidimensional scaling models

By assuming a distribution for the subject weights in a diagonal metric (INDSCAL) multidimensional scaling model, the subject weights become random effects. Including random effects in multidimensional scaling models offers several advantages over traditional diagonal metric models such as those fitted by the INDSCAL, ALSCAL, and other multidimensional scaling programs. Unlike traditional models, the number of parameters does not increase with the number of subjects, and, because the distribution of the subject weights is modeled, the construction of linear models of the subject weights and the testing of those models is immediate. Here we define a random effects diagonal metric multidimensional scaling model, give computational algorithms, describe our experiences with these algorithms, and provide an example illustrating the use of the model and algorithms.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45758/1/11336_2005_Article_BF02295730.pd

Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

The data taken with the ANTARES neutrino telescope from 2007 to 2010, a total live time of 863 days, are used to measure the oscillation parameters of atmospheric neutrinos. Muon tracks are reconstructed with energies as low as 20 GeV. Neutrino oscillations will cause a suppression of vertical upgoing muon neutrinos of such energies crossing the Earth. The parameters determining the oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos are extracted by fitting the event rate as a function of the ratio of the estimated neutrino energy and reconstructed flight path through the Earth. Measurement contours of the oscillation parameters in a two-flavour approximation are derived. Assuming maximum mixing, a mass difference of $\Delta m_{32}^2=(3.1\pm 0.9)\cdot 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ is obtained, in good agreement with the world average value.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

A First Search for coincident Gravitational Waves and High Energy Neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007

We present the results of the first search for gravitational wave bursts associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy, particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line configuration during the period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and first science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with the neutrino events. No significant coincident events were observed. We place limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of merger and core-collapse events.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, science summary page at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S5LV_ANTARES/index.php. Public access area to figures, tables at https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=p120000

Time-dependent search for neutrino emission from X-ray binaries with the ANTARES telescope

[EN] ANTARES is currently the largest neutrino telescope operating in the Northern Hemisphere, aiming at the detection of high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Neutrino telescopes constantly monitor at least one complete hemisphere of the sky, and are thus well-suited to detect neutrinos produced in transient astrophysical sources. A time-dependent search has been applied to a list of 33 X-ray binaries undergoing high flaring activities in satellite data (RXTE/ASM, MAXI and Swift/BAT) and during hardness transi-tion states in the 2008 2012 period. The background originating from interactions of charged cosmic rays in the Earth s atmosphere is drastically reduced by requiring a directional and temporal coincidence with astrophysical phenomena. The results of this search are presented together with comparisons between the neutrino flux upper limits and the neutrino flux predictions from astrophysical models. The neutrino flux upper limits resulting from this search limit the jet parameter space for some astrophysical models.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A* MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Weten-schappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain; Agence de l'Oriental and CNRST, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilitiesAlbert, A.; Andre, M.; Anton, G.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Aubert, J.; Avgitas, T.; Baret, B.... (2017). Time-dependent search for neutrino emission from X-ray binaries with the ANTARES telescope. JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS. 4(19):1-23. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2017/04/019S123419Vila, G. S., Romero, G. E., & Casco, N. A. (2012). An inhomogeneous lepto-hadronic model for the radiation of relativistic jets. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 538, A97. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118106Pepe, C., Vila, G. S., & Romero, G. E. (2015). Lepto-hadronic model for the broadband emission of Cygnus X-1. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 584, A95. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527156Blandford, R. D., & Payne, D. G. (1982). Hydromagnetic flows from accretion discs and the production of radio jets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 199(4), 883-903. doi:10.1093/mnras/199.4.883Trigo, M. D., Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Migliari, S., Broderick, J. W., & Tzioumis, T. (2013). Baryons in the relativistic jets of the stellar-mass black-hole candidate 4U 1630-47. Nature, 504(7479), 260-262. doi:10.1038/nature12672Heinz, S. (2006). Composition, Collimation, Contamination: The Jet of Cygnus X‐1. The Astrophysical Journal, 636(1), 316-322. doi:10.1086/497954Levinson, A., & Waxman, E. (2001). Probing Microquasars with TeV Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters, 87(17). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.87.171101Sahakyan, N., Piano, G., & Tavani, M. (2013). HADRONIC GAMMA-RAY AND NEUTRINO EMISSION FROM CYGNUS X-3. The Astrophysical Journal, 780(1), 29. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/780/1/29Adrián-Martínez, S., Albert, A., Al Samarai, I., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2013). Search for muon neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts with the ANTARES neutrino telescope using 2008 to 2011 data. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 559, A9. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322169Adrián-Martínez, S., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., … Barrios, J. (2014). A search for time dependent neutrino emission from microquasars with the ANTARES telescope. Journal of High Energy Astrophysics, 3-4, 9-17. doi:10.1016/j.jheap.2014.06.002Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Arguelles, C. (2015). SEARCHES FOR TIME-DEPENDENT NEUTRINO SOURCES WITH ICECUBE DATA FROM 2008 TO 2012. The Astrophysical Journal, 807(1), 46. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/807/1/46Remillard, R. A., & McClintock, J. E. (2006). X-Ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 44(1), 49-92. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.44.051905.092532Corbel, S., Kaaret, P., Jain, R. K., Bailyn, C. D., Fender, R. P., Tomsick, J. A., … McCollough, M. L. (2001). X‐Ray States and Radio Emission in the Black Hole Candidate XTE J1550−564. The Astrophysical Journal, 554(1), 43-48. doi:10.1086/321364Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Jonker, P. G., Maccarone, T. J., Nelemans, G., & Calvelo, D. E. (2011). A DEEP RADIO SURVEY OF HARD STATE AND QUIESCENT BLACK HOLE X-RAY BINARIES. The Astrophysical Journal, 739(1), L18. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/739/1/l18Vieyro, F. L., Sestayo, Y., Romero, G. E., & Paredes, J. M. (2012). Nonthermal processes and neutrino emission from the black hole GRO J0422+32 in a bursting state. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 546, A46. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219961Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Moin, A., Tingay, S. J., Reynolds, C., Phillips, C. J., Tzioumis, A. K., … Tudose, V. (2011). The first resolved imaging of milliarcsecond-scale jets in Circinus X-1. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 419(1), L49-L53. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2011.01176.xSguera, V., Romero, G. E., Bazzano, A., Masetti, N., Bird, A. J., & Bassani, L. (2009). DISSECTING THE REGION OF 3EG J1837-0423 AND HESS J1841-055 WITHINTEGRAL. The Astrophysical Journal, 697(2), 1194-1205. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/697/2/1194García, F., Aguilera, D. N., & Romero, G. E. (2014). Exploring jet-launching conditions for supergiant fast X-ray transients. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 565, A122. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323157Giovannelli, F., & Graziati, L. S. (1992). A 0535 + 26/HDE 245770: A typical X-ray/Be system. Space Science Reviews, 59(1-2), 1-81. doi:10.1007/bf01262537Anchordoqui, L. A., Torres, D. F., McCauley, T. P., Romero, G. E., & Aharonian, F. A. (2003). Neutrinos from Accreting Neutron Stars. The Astrophysical Journal, 589(1), 481-486. doi:10.1086/374551Scargle, J. D. (1981). Studies in astronomical time series analysis. I - Modeling random processes in the time domain. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 45, 1. doi:10.1086/190706Scargle, J. D. (1998). Studies in Astronomical Time Series Analysis. V. Bayesian Blocks, a New Method to Analyze Structure in Photon Counting Data. The Astrophysical Journal, 504(1), 405-418. doi:10.1086/306064Scargle, J. D., Norris, J. P., Jackson, B., & Chiang, J. (2013). STUDIES IN ASTRONOMICAL TIME SERIES ANALYSIS. VI. BAYESIAN BLOCK REPRESENTATIONS. The Astrophysical Journal, 764(2), 167. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/764/2/167collaboration, T. A. (2015). Search for muon-neutrino emission from GeV and TeV gamma-ray flaring blazars using five years of data of the ANTARES telescope. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2015(12), 014-014. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/12/014Kappes, A., Hinton, J., Stegmann, C., & Aharonian, F. A. (2007). Potential Neutrino Signals from Galactic γ‐Ray Sources. The Astrophysical Journal, 656(2), 870-878. doi:10.1086/508936Outline of a Theory of Statistical Estimation Based on the Classical Theory of Probability. (1937). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 236(767), 333-380. doi:10.1098/rsta.1937.0005Romero, G. E., & Vila, G. S. (2008). The proton low-mass microquasar: high-energy emission. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 485(3), 623-631. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809563Reynoso, M. M., Romero, G. E., & Christiansen, H. R. (2008). Production of gamma rays and neutrinos in the dark jets of the microquasar SS433. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 387(4), 1745-1754. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13364.xReynoso, M. M., & Romero, G. E. (2008). Magnetic field effects on neutrino production in microquasars. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 493(1), 1-11. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811004Bednarek, W. (2005). TeV Neutrinos from Microquasars in Compact Massive Binaries. The Astrophysical Journal, 631(1), 466-470. doi:10.1086/432411Romero, G. E., Vieyro, F. L., & Vila, G. S. (2010). Non-thermal processes around accreting galactic black holes. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 519, A109. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913663Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Fender, R. P., & Nakar, E. (2006). Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X-ray binary jets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 367(4), 1432-1440. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10092.xBlandford, R. D., & Konigl, A. (1979). Relativistic jets as compact radio sources. The Astrophysical Journal, 232, 34. doi:10.1086/157262Zhang, J. F., Feng, Y. G., Lei, M. C., Tang, Y. Y., & Tian, Y. P. (2010). High-energy neutrino emission from low-mass microquasars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 407(4), 2468-2474. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17072.xHeinz, S., Burton, M., Braiding, C., Brandt, W. N., Jonker, P. G., Sell, P., … Schulz, N. S. (2015). LORD OF THE RINGS: A KINEMATIC DISTANCE TO CIRCINUS X-1 FROM A GIANT X-RAY LIGHT ECHO. The Astrophysical Journal, 806(2), 265. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/806/2/265Bednarek, W. (2009). TeV neutrinos from accreting x-ray pulsars. Physical Review D, 79(12). doi:10.1103/physrevd.79.123010Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., … Anghinolfi, M. (2016). Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 43(8), 084001. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/43/8/084001Russell, D. M., Markoff, S., Casella, P., Cantrell, A. G., Chatterjee, R., Fender, R. P., … Shahbaz, T. (2012). Jet spectral breaks in black hole X-ray binaries. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 429(1), 815-832. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts377Stirling, A. M., Spencer, R. E., de La Force, C. J., Garrett, M. A., Fender, R. P., & Ogley, R. N. (2001). A relativistic jet from Cygnus X-1 in the low/hard X-ray state. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 327(4), 1273-1278. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04821.xCorbel, S., Kaaret, P., Fender, R. P., Tzioumis, A. K., Tomsick, J. A., & Orosz, J. A. (2005). Discovery of X‐Ray Jets in the Microquasar H1743−322. The Astrophysical Journal, 632(1), 504-513. doi:10.1086/432499Paragi, Z., van der Horst, A. J., Belloni, T., Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Linford, J., Taylor, G., … Wijers, R. A. M. J. (2013). VLBI observations of the shortest orbital period black hole binary, MAXI J1659−152. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 432(2), 1319-1329. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt545Mainzer, A., Masiero, J., Grav, T., Bauer, J., Tholen, D. J., McMillan, R. S., … Maleszewski, C. (2011). NEOWISE STUDIES OF ASTEROIDS WITH SLOAN PHOTOMETRY: PRELIMINARY RESULTS. The Astrophysical Journal, 745(1), 7. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/745/1/

Searches for clustering in the time integrated skymap of the ANTARES neutrino telescope

This paper reports a search for spatial clustering of the arrival directions of high energy muon neutrinos detected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope. An improved two-point correlation method is used to study the autocorrelation of 3058 neutrino candidate events as well as cross-correlations with other classes of astrophysical objects: sources of high energy gamma rays, massive black holes and nearby galaxies. No significant deviations from the isotropic distribution of arrival directions expected from atmospheric backgrounds are observed