44 research outputs found
Hybrid silica-metalloporphyrin nanomaterials exhibiting intensive absorption of light in the red-region
Fogak morfológiai és metrikus jellegzetességeinek vizsgálata marosvásárhelyi középkori leleteken és a jelenkori helyi populáció körében = Dental morphological and metric characteristics in contemporary and historical population of Târgu Mureș
Absztrakt:
Bevezetés: A fogazat a szervezet egységes részeként nem képez
kivételt az embernek a fejlődéstani okokból és életformából következő fizikai
antropológiai változásai alól. A különböző káros stresszhatások mellett a
természetes kiválasztódás is hozzájárul bizonyos fogmorfológiai jellemzők
hangsúlyosabbá válásához. Célkitűzés: Középkori embertani
leletek és mai páciensek gipszmintáin végzett odontometriai elemzés
eredményeinek, valamint a járulékos csücskök jelenlétének összehasonlítása.
Anyag és módszer: A 19 embertani leletből származó 132,
valamint 30 páciens modelljén meglévő 694 fog morfológiai jellegzetességeit
figyeltük meg. A koronák mesiodistalis, incisivogingivalis és vestibulooralis
átmérőinek kétdimenziós képanalízise során nyert értékeit összehasonlítottuk, és
megvizsgáltuk az antropológiai szempontból kiemelt fontosságú Carabelli- és
taloncsücsköket. Eredmények: A XIV. századi és a jelenkori
fogak méretei között statisztikai szempontból jelentős változást találtunk
néhány fogcsoport esetében. A középkori leleteken az oldalsó fogak kevésbé
széles koronával rendelkeztek, mint a mai populációban mért fogak. A történeti
leleteken talált Carabelli-csücskök a Dahlberg-skála szerinti 1. és 3.
fokozathoz tartoztak (23,07%-os előfordulás), míg a mai eseteken megfigyelt
Carabelli-csücskök a 3., 4., 5., 6. és 7. fokozathoz tartoztak (50,90%-os
előfordulás). Taloncsücsökkel a jelenkori csoportban találkoztunk, mindössze egy
esetben. Következtetés: A vizsgált jelenkori fogakon a
Carabelli-csücskök hangsúlyosabb morfológiai formában és nagyobb gyakorisággal
jelentek meg, ami a mai populáció europid jellegét hangsúlyozza. Orv Hetil.
2018; 159(30): 1235–1240.
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Abstract:
Introduction: Teeth, as an integral part of human organism, are
not exceptions from the physical anthropology changes caused by biological
evolution and the way of living. Different stress factors and the natural
selection are contributing to the emphasis of certain morphological
characteristics. Aim: Comparison of dental metric
characteristics and the presence of accessory tooth cusps between human remains
from the Middle Ages and dental study models of today’s patients.
Material and method: Morphological characteristics of 132
teeth from 19 skulls and 694 teeth on dental models of 30 patients were
examined. The mesiodistal, incisivocervical and buccolingual diameters of crowns
were measured by a validated 2D image analysis method. Carabelli and talon cusps
were also examined using a magnifying glass. Results:
Statistically significant differences between the size of the 14th-century and
the present-day teeth were found in some of the teeth groups. In medieval
artifacts, lateral teeth had smaller crown width than teeth measured in the
contemporary population. The Carabelli cusps found in the archeological human
remains belonged to grades 1 and 3 on Dahlberg scale (23.07%), while the
Carabelli cusps observed in the contemporary group belonged to grades 3, 4, 5, 6
and 7 (50.90%). Talon cusp occurred only once in the contemporary group.
Conclusion: In case of the contemporary teeth, the
Carabelli cusps appeared in a more pronounced morphological form and with a
higher frequency, which emphasizes the European origin of today’s population.
Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(30): 1235–1240
Self-assembly in water of bulky octahedral coordination complexes based on RH (III) metal center
Isolation of infectious Lloviu virus from Schreiber’s bats in Hungary
Some filoviruses can be transmitted to humans by zoonotic spillover events from their natural host and filovirus outbreaks have occured with increasing frequency in the last years. The filovirus Lloviu virus (LLOV), was identified in 2002 in Schreiber’s bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) in Spain and was subsequently detected in bats in Hungary. Here we isolate infectious LLOV from the blood of a live sampled Schreiber’s bat in Hungary. The isolate is subsequently sequenced and cultured in the Miniopterus sp. kidney cell line SuBK12-08. It is furthermore able to infect monkey and human cells, suggesting that LLOV might have spillover potential. A multi-year surveillance of LLOV in bats in Hungary detects LLOV RNA in both deceased and live animals as well as in coupled ectoparasites from the families Nycteribiidae and Ixodidae. This correlates with LLOV seropositivity in sampled Schreiber’s bats. Our data support the role of bats, specifically Miniopterus schreibersii as hosts for LLOV in Europe. We suggest that bat-associated parasites might play a role in the natural ecology of filoviruses in temperate climate regions compared to filoviruses in the tropics
Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 patients to add either sitagliptin or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all patients. To determine whether sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for sitagliptin vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to -0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 patients in the sitagliptin group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 person-years) and 851 patients in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 person-years). Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for heart failure did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P = 0.98). There were no significant between-group differences in rates of acute pancreatitis (P = 0.07) or pancreatic cancer (P = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, adding sitagliptin to usual care did not appear to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, or other adverse events
Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020
We show the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three available genomic nomenclature systems for SARS-CoV-2 to all sequence data from the WHO European Region available during the COVID-19 pandemic until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation. We provide a comparison of the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.Peer reviewe
Cell cycle association and hypoxia regulation of excision repair cross complementation group 1 protein (ERCC1) in tumor cells of head and neck cancer
Post-orogenic shoshonitic magmas of the Yzerfontein pluton, South Africa: the 'smoking gun' of mantle melting and crustal growth during Cape granite genesis?
The post-orogenic Yzerfontein pluton, in the Saldania Belt of South Africa was constructed through numerous injections of shoshonitic magmas. Most magma compositions are adequately modelled as products of fractionation, but the monzogranites and syenogranites may have a separate origin. A separate high-Mg mafic series has a less radiogenic mantle source. Fine-grained magmatic enclaves in the intermediate shoshonitic rocks are autoliths. The pluton was emplaced between 533 ± 3 and 537 ± 3 Ma (LASF-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon), essentially synchronously with many granitic magmas of the Cape Granite Suite (CGS). Yzerfontein may represent a high-level expression of the mantle heat source that initiated partial melting of the local crust and produced the CGS granitic magmas, late in the Saldanian Orogeny. However, magma mixing is not evident at emplacement level and there are no magmatic kinships with the I-type granitic rocks of the CGS. The mantle wedge is inferred to have been enriched during subduction along the active continental margin. In the late- to post-orogenic phase, the enriched mantle partially melted to produce heterogeneous magma batches, exemplified by those that formed the Yzerfontein pluton, which was further hybridized through minor assimilation of crustal materials. Like Yzerfontein, the small volumes of mafic rocks associated with many batholiths, worldwide, are probably also lowvolume, high-level expressions of crustal growth through the emplacement of major amounts of mafic magma into the deep crust.IS
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