Die Römer im Hessischen Ried : Archäologie einer Kulturlandschaft über fünf Jahrhunderte

Das Hessische Ried war nur dünn besiedelt, als die Römer kurz vor der Zeitenwende die Garnisonsstadt Mogontiacum/Mainz gründeten. Gelegen im rechtsrheinischen Vorfeld der neuen Metropole, profitierte das Ried von der Wirtschaftskraft der dort stationierten Legionen, denen es als Nutzland und Manövergebiet diente. Vollständig erschlossen wurde das Gebiet aber erst durch die zivile Besiedlungsphase im frühen zweiten Jahrhundert n. Chr. mit der Gründung von Dörfern und zahlreichen Gutshöfen. Nach zwischenzeitlichem Rückgang der Besiedlung erlebte das Ried im vierten Jahrhundert eine neue Blütezeit. Das Institut für Archäologische Wissenschaften hat die Entwicklung dieser Region bis um 500 n. Chr. in einem mehrjährigen Projekt rekonstruiert. Nach dem rheinischen Kohleabbaugebiet ist das Hessische Ried die am intensivsten erforschte Landschaft im römischen Deutschland

Dachterrakotten aus Olympia: Geochemische Untersuchungen an Proben in der Antikensammlung der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz

Die Dachterrakotten der Schatzhäuser von Olympia weisen untereinander deutliche Unterschiede in ihrer technischen Ausführung wie auch ihrer ornamentalen Ausgestaltung auf. Deshalb stellte sich immer wieder die Frage, wieweit Töpfer aus den Städten, welche die Schatzhäuser in Auftrag gaben, an der Herstellung beteiligt waren. Mit Hilfe der portablen energiedispersiven Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse konnte anhand einer Reihe von Fragmenten der Dächer, die sich in der Antikensammlung in Berlin befinden, gezeigt werden, dass alle aus Ton hergestellt wurden, der auch für die anderen Bauten in Olympia verwendet wurde. Es wurden also lokale Tonvorkommen genutzt. Allerdings zeigte sich auch, dass die Tone unterschiedlich aufbereitet wurden, die Töpfer also eigene Fertigungstechniken anwandten.The roof tiles of the treasuries of Olympia show clear differences in their technical execution as well as their ornamental design. For this reason, the question always arose as to what extent potters from the cities that commissioned these buildings were involved in their production. With the help of portable X-ray fluorescence analysis, it was possible to show on the basis of a number of fragments of the roofs, which are in the Antikensammlung in Berlin, that they were all made of clay used also for the other buildings in Olympia. Local clay deposits were therefore exploited. However, it was also shown that the clays were prepared in different ways, i. e. the potters employed their own production techniques

The SERVICE Framework: A Public-service-dominant Approach to Sustainable Public Services

In this paper we argue that the new public management has been a flawed paradigm for public services delivery that has produced very internally efficient but externally ineffective public service organizations. Subsequently we develop the SERVICE framework for sustainable public services and public service organizations. This framework is rooted within the public‐service‐dominant business logic and emphasizes the need for a focus on external value creation rather than internal efficiency alone

Changes in glycine immunoreactivity in the rat superior olivary complex following deafness

The balance between inhibitory and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters contributes to the control of normal functioning of the auditory brainstem. Changes in the level of neuronal activity within the auditory brainstem pathways influence the balance between inhibition and excitation. Activity-dependent plasticity in the auditory pathways can be studied by creating a large decrease in activity through peripheral deafening. Deafness-related decreases in GABA have previously been shown in the inferior colliculus. However, glycine is a more prevalent inhibitory transmitter in the mature superior olivary complex (SOC). The present study therefore examined if there were deafness-related changes in glycine in the SOC using postembedding immunocytochemistry. Animals were bilaterally deafened by an intrascalar injection of neomycin. Five nuclei in the SOC, the lateral superior olive (LSO), superior paraolivary nucleus (SPoN), and the medial, lateral, and ventral nuclei of the trapezoid body (MNTB, LNTB, and VNTB) were examined 14 days following the deafening and compared to normal hearing age-matched controls. The LSO and SPoN were divided into high and low frequency regions. The number of glycine immunoreactive puncta on the somata of principal cells showed significant decreases in all regions assessed, with changes ranging from 50% in the VNTB to 23% in the LSO. J. Comp. Neurol. 494:179–189, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/49273/1/20795_ftp.pd

Transcriptome profiling of ontogeny in the acridid grasshopper Chorthippus biguttulus

Acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) are widely used model organisms for developmental, evolutionary, and neurobiological research. Although there has been recent influx of orthopteran transcriptomic resources, many use pooled ontogenetic stages obscuring information about changes in gene expression during development. Here we developed a de novo transcriptome spanning 7 stages in the life cycle of the acridid grasshopper Chorthippus biguttulus. Samples from different stages encompassing embryonic development through adults were used for transcriptomic profiling, revealing patterns of differential gene expression that highlight processes in the different life stages. These patterns were validated with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Embryonic development showed a strongly differentiated expression pattern compared to all of the other stages and genes upregulated in this stage were involved in signaling, cellular differentiation, and organ development. Our study is one of the first to examine gene expression during post-embryonic development in a hemimetabolous insect and we found that only the fourth and fifth instars had clusters of genes upregulated during these stages. These genes are involved in various processes ranging from synthesis of biogenic amines to chitin binding. These observations indicate that post-embryonic ontogeny is not a continuous process and that some instars are differentiated. Finally, genes upregulated in the imago were generally involved in aging and immunity. Our study highlights the importance of looking at ontogeny as a whole and indicates promising directions for future research in orthopteran development