The Effects of Homeownership on Social Capital

Access to homeownership is becoming increasingly limited due to various factors related to a decline in social capital, including sense of stability, security, and community attachment. This study examined the relationship between homeownership and social capital in Indonesia at the household level while addressing endogeneity and heterogeneity issues. This research used panel data from the IFLS-4 and IFLS-5 surveys, employing a fixed-effect regression model with robust standard error and instrumental variables. The study found that homeownership significantly impacts social capital in Indonesia. Furthermore, the effect of homeownership differs between Java and non-Java households and between urban and rural households. The study also identified other significant influencing factors of social capital, such as household size and monthly income. It is concluded that policies aimed at increasing homeownership may positively impact social capital in Indonesia. This research has provided evidence of the heterogeneity of the effect of homeownership on social capital based on geographical location and household characteristics, suggesting that policymakers should develop policies to meet the specific needs of each group to maximize the positive impact of homeownership on social capital

The Effects of Homeownership on Social Capital

Access to homeownership is becoming increasingly limited due to various factors related to a decline in social capital, including sense of stability, security, and community attachment. This study examined the relationship between homeownership and social capital in Indonesia at the household level while addressing endogeneity and heterogeneity issues. This research used panel data from the IFLS-4 and IFLS-5 surveys, employing a fixed-effect regression model with robust standard error and instrumental variables. The study found that homeownership significantly impacts social capital in Indonesia. Furthermore, the effect of homeownership differs between Java and non-Java households and between urban and rural households. The study also identified other significant influencing factors of social capital, such as household size and monthly income. It is concluded that policies aimed at increasing homeownership may positively impact social capital in Indonesia. This research has provided evidence of the heterogeneity of the effect of homeownership on social capital based on geographical location and household characteristics, suggesting that policymakers should develop policies to meet the specific needs of each group to maximize the positive impact of homeownership on social capital

Pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif

[Bahasa]: Program PKM  ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan: (1) keterampilan guru merancang dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif; (2) keterampilan guru dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan dan respon guru SMP N 8 Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya  melalui kegiatan ini yang meliputi penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif. Metode yang digunakan adalah adalah metode deskrptif. Langkah-langkah yang digunakan yaitu sosialisasi, ceramah, latihan dan pendampingan, evaluasi. Pelaksanaan dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali pertemuan, dimana pertemuan pertama berupa penyajian materi, dan dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan pembuatan media hingga selesai, dan terakhir dilakukan evaluasi berupa peserta mempresentasikan media yang telah dibuat dan respon peserta terhadap pelatihan melalui pengisian angket. Hasil yang diperoleh peserta dapat membuat media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif menggunakan software sothink swf easy. Hasil respon peserta  melalui wawancara diperoleh hasil 100% peserta memberikan respon positif terhadap pernyataan positif yang dimintai tanggapan. Selain itu, 75% peserta memberikan saran untuk terus melaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan ini secara berkala. Kata Kunci: media, multimedia, interaktif [English]: The purposes of this community service program are to improve: (1) teacher skills in designing and developing interactive multimedia-based learning media; (2) the skills of teachers in the implementation of training and response of teachers in Sungai Nap Middle School 8 N Kubu Raya District through this activity which includes the use of interactive multimedia-based learning media. The method used is descriptive method. The steps used are socialization, lecture, training and mentoring, evaluation. The implementation was carried out in the five meetings. The first meeting was in the form of material presentation, and continued with assistance in making the media to completion, and finally an evaluation in the form of participants presenting the media that had been made and participants' responses to the training through filling out questionnaires. The results obtained by participants can make interactive multimedia-based learning media using Sothink Swf easy software. The results of the participants' responses through interviews showed that 100% of participants responded positively to the positive statements asked for responses. In addition, 75% of participants gave suggestions to continue to carry out these training activities regularly. Keywords: media, multimedia, interactiv

Sintesis Katalis Asam Heterogen Berbasis Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) dan Pemanfaatannya dalam Produksi Metil Ester Asam Lemak

Sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol is a potential heterogeneous acid catalyst for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production. The catalyst (PVA/SSA) was synthesized via an esterification reaction between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). This research aimed to study the effect of several process variables, such as the molecular weight (MW) of PVA, washing step with methanol, annealing conditions (time, temperature, and annealing pressure), and drying temperature on the performance of the PVA/SSA catalyst in methanol and free fatty acid (FFA) esterification. The sulfonated PVA catalyst was successfully synthesized, as indicated by the presence of the sulfonate group (SO3) at an absorption band of 1267 cm-1 and the carbonyl group (C=O) at an absorption band of 1628 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectra. The resulting PVA/SSA catalyst shows a good performance, where maximum conversion of the fatty acid esterification reaction can reach 81.9%. In addition, the catalyst can be used for at least four repetitions with a decrease in FAME conversion from the first to the second stage of 28.2% and has relatively stable performance in the second and subsequent reactions (conversion range 49, 1% - 58.8%). The resulting catalyst also has good thermal stability with a first-stage degradation range of 200oC to 290oC, allowing it to be applied in a temperature range suitable to the FAME manufacturing industries requirement

Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. Findings Globally in 2019, 1.14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1.13-1.16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7.41 trillion (7.11-7.74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27.5% [26. 5-28.5] reduction) and females (37.7% [35.4-39.9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0.99 billion (0.98-1.00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7.69 million (7.16-8.20) deaths and 200 million (185-214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20.2% [19.3-21.1] of male deaths). 6.68 million [86.9%] of 7.69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. Interpretation In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7.69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking tobacco use has been observed in countries from all regions and at all stages of development, but a large implementation gap remains for tobacco control. Countries have a dear and urgent opportunity to pass strong, evidence-based policies to accelerate reductions in the prevalence of smoking and reap massive health benefits for their citizens. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe

Pengaruh Feed Rate dan Debit Cutting Fluid terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Material Aluminium 6061 hasil Mesin Bubut

Kekasaran permukaan adalah salah satu penyimpangan atau ketidakteraturan pada bagian permukaan suatu benda kerja pemesinan yang disebabkan oleh proses pemesinan. Proses pemesinan salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin bubut untuk menghilangkan bagian yang tidak dikehendaki dalam suatu material. Kekasaran permukaan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa parameter salah satunya adalah feed rate dan cutting fluid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kekasaran permukaan yang optimal dengan variasi feed rate dan debit cutting fluid. Material yang digunakan adalah aluminium 6061 dengan diameter 31 mm dan panjang 100 mm. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah variasi debit cutting fluid dan variasi feed rate. Variasi debit antara lain tanpa cutting fluid, dengan debit cutting fluid 20 liter/menit dan 25 liter/menit. Variasi feed rate antara lain 0,083 mm/rev; 0,092 mm/rev dan 0,115 mm/rev. Variabel terkontrolnya adalah kecepatan spindel 1200 rpm, depth of cut 5 mm, panjang pemakanan 50 mm, sudut pahat 20o . Hasil pada penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa semakin banyak debit cutting fluid dan semakin rendah feed rate, maka kekasaran permukaan akan semakin rendah. Kekasaran permukaan terendah diperoleh pada feed rate 0,083 mm/rev dan debit cutting fluid 25 liter/menit

Unified Theory Of Gas Damping Of Flexible Microcantilevers At Low Ambient Pressures

Predicting the gas damping of microcantilevers oscillating in different vibration modes in unbounded gas at low pressures is relevant for increasing the sensitivity of microcantilever-based sensors. While existing free-molecular theories are valid only at very high Knudsen numbers, continuum models are valid only at very low Knudsen numbers. We solve the quasisteady Boltzmann equation and compute a closed-form fit for gas damping of rectangular microcantilevers that is valid over four orders of magnitude of Knudsen numbers spanning the free-molecular, the transition, and the low pressure slip flow regimes. Experiments are performed using silicon microcantilevers under controlled pressures to validate the theory

Tindak Pidana Pencurian Getah Karet oleh Anak di Wilayah Hukum Polsek Tebo Ulu dalam Analisis Kriminologis

In criminology, many theories have developed to examine why someone commits a crime, while generally other people do not. In principle, these theories conclude that a person's crime can originate from within the person, both physically and psychologically, or the crime can originate from outside the person, in this case crime is considered to originate from the behavior patterns of the community around the person's life. this, as well as because of the inequality in society's economic system. Criminals (criminals) are the subject of criminology. Understanding what drives a person to commit a crime or crime is the goal of criminology. Is this person's propensity to commit crime since childhood truly a skill, or is it more likely the result of the sociological and economic circumstances of the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is vital to understand the motivation behind the crime and seek causes and solutions during the sentencing process to prevent repeat offenses. This research expects to get a more top to bottom picture of the business as usual of criminal demonstrations of robbery of elastic by youngsters in the Tebo Ulu Police Lawful Region, what variables cause criminal demonstrations of burglary of elastic by kids in the Legitimate Region of the Tebo Ulu Police, and endeavors to defeat them. in the wrongdoing of robbery of elastic plastic by kids in the Tebo Ulu Police Lawful Region. The technique utilized in this exploration is an exact examination strategy with a contextual analysis kind of exploration. The information assortment strategy in this examination utilized interviews. The finish of this examination is that criminal demonstrations of burglary by youngsters in the ward of the Tebo Ulu Police are impacted by a few elements including: absence of parental management, ecological factors and absence of instruction. Then, at that point, the Tebo Ulu Cops put forth attempts to handle the wild demonstrations of robbery committed by kids via completing preventive and abusive endeavors