The Effect of Domestic Preparation of Some Potato Products on Acrylamide Content

The influence that food heating has on the concentration of acrylamide in home-cooked potato dishes prepared by high-temperature, such as pan-frying, deep-frying, roasting and microwave heating was analyzed. The experiment was performed with commercially available deep-frozen par-fried French fries and deep-frozen par-fried potato products other than French fries (cubes, wedges, noisettes, pancakes). Acrylamide was found in all deep-frozen par-fried French fries and other deep-frozen par-fried potato products before domestic preparation. The mean level of acrylamide content in all frozen potato products before preparation was found to be 322 μg/kg. Potato products were then prepared at 180 °C for 3 min and at 220 °C for 10 min. After domestic preparation (roasting, pan-frying, deep-frying and microwave heating) it was found that the level of acrylamide in all products increased. Acrylamide content in the analyzed samples significantly increased as the temperature and time of processing increased. The statistical analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for acrylamide content as a function of food preparation. The level of acrylamide increased with the increased heating temperature and heating time. Additionally, the preparation method of roasting was significantly lower in acrylamide content (P < 0.05) than the preparation method of microwaving although both preparation methods used the same conditions (time and temperature). These results suggest that microwaving might be more favourable to the formation of acrylamide than conventional heating methods, such as roasting

Phenolic Compounds as Cultivar- and Variety-distinguishing Factors in Some Plant Products

The aim of the study was to determine whether phenolic compounds in some varieties of buckwheat, winter and spring barley and peas can be used as factors which distinguish selected cultivars and varieties of plant material. It was observed that the content of total phenolics might be useful as a cultivar-distinguishing factor for all the plant materials analyzed, but it was a distinguishing factor for only some varieties. Individual cultivars and varieties were best distinguished by the content of syringic acid. The levels of syringic and vanillic acids were in reverse proportion to the total amount of phenolics soluble in methanol and a positive correlation between syringic and ferulic acid was observed. Moreover, the protein content of plant material was analyzed and a significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation between this component and ferulic and vanillic acids was noted

Poziom wiedzy i zachowania zdrowotne studentek Uniwersytetu Medycznego w zakresie profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy = The level of knowledge and health behaviours of Medical University students in the area of cervical cancer prevention

Gawron Żaneta, Gajewska Natalia, Gujska Dominika, Gutek Anastazja, Szadowska-Szlachetka Zdzisława, Rząca Marcin. Poziom wiedzy i zachowania zdrowotne studentek Uniwersytetu Medycznego w zakresie profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy = The level of knowledge and health behaviours of Medical University students in the area of cervical cancer prevention. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):41-53. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.59706http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3726   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 02.07.2016. Revised 25.07.2016. Accepted: 28.07.2016.  Poziom wiedzy i zachowania zdrowotne studentek Uniwersytetu Medycznego w zakresie profilaktyki raka szyjki macicyThe level of knowledge and health behaviours of Medical University students in the area of cervical cancer prevention 1, 3Żaneta Gawron, 1, 2Natalia Gajewska, 1Dominika Gujska, 1Anastazja Gutek, 4Zdzisława Szadowska-Szlachetka, 4Marcin Rząca1, 3Zaneta Gawron, 1, 2Natalia Gajewska, 1Dominika Gujska, 1Anastazja Gutek, 4Zdzislawa Szadowska-Szlachetka, 4Marcin Rzaca 1Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieStudents scientific association, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of Lublin2Oddział Hematologii, Onkologii i Transplantologii Dziecięcej, Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w LublinieUniversity Children's Hospital in Lublin, Department: of Hematology , Oncology and Transplantation Children3Oddział Otolaryngologii Dziecięcej, Foniatrii i Audiologii, Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w Lublinie,University Children's Hospital in Lublin. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology , Audiology and Phoniatrics4Zakład Onkologii, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieDepartment of Oncology, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of Lublin   Słowa kluczowe: rak szyjki macicy, studenci, czynniki ryzyka, objawy, profilaktyka wtórna nowotworów. Key words: cervical cancer, university students, risk factors, symptoms, secondary cancer prevention.  Abstrakt Wstęp: Rak szyjki macicy na początku przebiega bezobjawowo a jego wczesne wykrycie dzięki udziałowi w programie wczesnego wykrywania w ramach profilaktyki wtórnej umożliwia skuteczne leczenie. Ważne jest, aby młode kobiety posiadały wiedzę na temat profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy i znały konsekwencje związane z niewykonywaniem badań przesiewowych.Celem badań było zbadanie poziomu wiedzy i zachowań zdrowotnych studentek uczelni medycznych w zakresie profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy.Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono wśród 110 studentek pielęgniarstwa i fizjoterapii na drugim stopniu kształcenia Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie. Ich wiek mieścił się w zakresie 21- 40 lat. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił autorski kwestionariusz ankiety. Wyniki badań poddano analizie statystycznej przy pomocy programu StatSoft Statistica 10.0 PL.Wyniki: Najczęściej wskazywanymi czynnikami ryzyka zwiększającymi prawdopodobieństwo zachorowania na raka szyjki macicy były: duża liczba partnerów seksualnych (96%), przewlekłe zakażenia wirusem HPV (94%), wczesny wiek inicjacji seksualnej (84) oraz częste i nieleczone stany zapalne pochwy (76%). Najczęściej wskazywanym objawem raka szyjki macicy było krwawienie, które pojawia się pomiędzy regularnymi krwawieniami miesięcznymi (85%). Połowa badanych zadeklarowała, że w przyszłości nie weźmie udziału w badaniach przesiewowych wczesnego wykrywania raka szyjki macicy.Wnioski:Młode kobiety posiadają podstawową wiedzę dotyczącą profilaktyki raka szyjki macicy, ale nie zawsze przekłada się ona na pozytywne zachowania zdrowotne.Należy podjąć zadania na rzecz zwiększenia zgłaszalności na badania przesiewowe wykrywające raka szyjki macicy.W badaniach przesiewowych rzadziej biorą udział mieszkanki wsi oraz kobiety z niskim statusem socjoekonomicznym. Abstract Introduction: Cervical cancer is asymptomatic in its initial stages and its early detection due to participation in an early detection programme as part of secondary prevention enables its effective treatment. It is important for young women to be familiar with cervical cancer prevention and be aware of the consequences of failing to perform the screening tests.The objective of the study was to determine the level of knowledge and health behaviours of medical students in terms of cervical cancer prevention.Material and methods: The survey was conducted among 110 students of nursing and physiotherapy during their Master's degree studies at the Medical University of Lublin. The age of the respondents was from 21 to 40 years. A self-designed questionnaire was used as the research tool. The results were subjected to statistical analysis with the use of the StatSoft Statistica 10.0 PL software.Results: The most frequently mentioned risk factors increasing the probability of cervical cancer were: a large number of sexual partners (96%), chronic HPV infections (94%), early sexual initiation (84%) and frequent untreated vaginal inflammations (76%). The most often identified symptom of cervical cancer was bleeding between regular monthly periods (85%). Half of the surveyed claimed that in the future they would not participate in screening tests for early cervical cancer detection.Conclusions:Young women have the basic knowledge on cervical cancer prevention but it does not always translate into positive health behaviours.Measures should be taken to increase the reportability for cervical cancer screening tests.Such tests are less often attended by women living in rural areas and those with a low socio-economic status

Jakość życia pacjentów leczonych systemowo z powodu raka płuca = The quality of life of patients treated with systemic due to lung cancer

Gajewska Natalia, Szadowska-Szlachetka Zdzisława, Rząca Marcin Stanisław, Gutek Anastazja, Gawron Żaneta, Gujska Dominika, Stanisławek Andrzej. Jakość życia pacjentów leczonych systemowo z powodu raka płuca = The quality of life of patients treated with systemic due to lung cancer. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):520-535. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.209579http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4081    The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 754 (09.12.2016).754 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 01.12.2016. Revised 12.12.2016. Accepted: 19.12.2016.   Jakość życia pacjentów leczonych systemowo z powodu raka płucaThe quality of life of patients treated with systemic due to lung cancer Natalia Gajewska, Zdzisława Szadowska-Szlachetka, Marcin Stanisław Rząca, Anastazja Gutek, Żaneta Gawron, Dominika Gujska, Andrzej Stanisławek Natalia GajewskaOddział Hematologii, Onkologii i Transplantologii Dziecięcej, Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w LublinieUniversity Children's Hospital in Lublin, Department: of Hematology , Oncology and Transplantation Children Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LubliniePoland Zdzisława Szadowska-SzlachetkaZakład Onkologii, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieDepartment of Oncology, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of LublinPoland Marcin Stanisław RzącaZakład Onkologii, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LubliniePolandPrincipal contact for editorial correspondence. Anastazja GutekStudenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieStudents scientific association, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of LublinPoland Żaneta GawronOddział Otolaryngologii Dziecięcej, Foniatrii i Audiologii, Uniwersytecki Szpital Dziecięcy w LublinieUniversity Children's Hospital in Lublin. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology , Audiology and Phoniatrics Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieStudents scientific association, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of LublinPoland Dominika GujskaStudenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieStudents scientific association, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of LublinPoland Andrzej StanisławekZakład Onkologii, Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieDepartment of Oncology, Chair of Oncology and Enviromental Health, Medical University of Lublin Centrum Onkologii Ziemi Lubelskiej im. Św. Jana z Dukli, Oddział Chirurgii OnkologicznejSt. John’s Cancer Center Lublin, Surgical OncologyPoland  StreszczenieWstępRak płuca jest przyczyną największej ilości zgonów wśród pacjentów onkologicznych w krajach wysokorozwiniętych a 5-letnie przeżycie leczonych z powodu tego nowotworu dotyczy zaledwie 10-14%. Pacjenci często poddawani są leczeniu systemowemu, którego działania niepożądane pogarszają ich jakość życia.Metody badań i cel badańKwestionariuszami QLQ – C30 i QLQ – L13 przebadano 111 pacjentów leczonych cytostatykami z powodu raka płuc w Samodzielnym Publicznym Szpitalu Klinicznym nr 4 w Lublinie.WynikiProblemy z wykonywaniem męczących czynności występował u wszystkich badanych. U niemal wszystkich- (94%) występowały ograniczenia w wykonywaniu codziennych czynności i zmęczenie - (98%). Napięcie psychiczne odczuwała większość badanych- (79%). Duszność spoczynkowa występowała u 47% badanych a kaszel bardzo często u 41%. Najwięcej badanych subiektywnie swój stan zdrowia i jakość życia oceniło na poziomie przeciętnym.WnioskiFunkcjonowanie fizyczne, poznawcze, emocjonalne i społeczne obniżało się wraz z wiekiem chorych leczonych chemioterapią.Ból występował u wszystkich badanych.Zaburzenia snu istotnie częściej dotyczyły kobiet niż mężczyzn.Pogorszone funkcjonowanie w rolach społecznych istotnie częściej było dostrzegane przez mieszkańców miast niż wsi.Najczęściej występującym i najbardziej uciążliwym objawem ze strony układu oddechowego było uczucie duszności podczas wchodzenia po schodach.Słowa kluczowe: rak płuc, jakość życia, chemioterapia, objawy    SummaryIntroduction Lung cancer is the cause of the largest amount of deaths among cancer patients in highly developed countries and a 5-year-survival of people treated for this tumor is only 10-14%. Patients often undergo systemic treatment, the side effects of which worsen their quality of life.Test methods and purpose of the study111 patients treated with cytostatics for lung cancer in Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny nr 4 w Lublinie (Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin) were tested using QLQ – C30 and QLQ – L13 Questionnaires.ResultsProblems with the performance of fatiguing activities occurred in all respondents. In almost all respondents - (94%), there were limitations in performance of everyday life activities or fatigue - (98%). Mental tension was felt by the majority of respondents - (79%). Resting dyspnea occurred in 47% of respondents and the cough occurred very often in 41%. Most respondents subjectively assessed their health and quality of life on an average level.Conclusions Physical, cognitive, emotional and social functioning decreased with age of patients treated with chemotherapy.Pain was felt by all patients.Sleep disorders significantly more often related to women than men.Impaired functioning in social roles was significantly more often perceived by urban residents than rural ones.The most common and most troublesome symptom within the frameworks of the respiratory system was shortness of breath when climbing stairs. Key words: lung cancer, quality of life, chemotherapy, symptoms 

Gluten quality of bread wheat is associated with activity of RabD GTPases

In the developing endosperm of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), seed storage proteins are produced on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and transported to protein bodies, specialized vacuoles for the storage of protein. The functionally important gluten proteins of wheat are transported by two distinct routes to the protein bodies where they are stored: vesicles that bud directly off the ER and transport through the Golgi. However, little is known about the processing of glutenin and gliadin proteins during these steps or the possible impact on their properties. In plants, the RabD GTPases mediate ER-to-Golgi vesicle transport. Available sequence information for Rab GTPases in Arabidopsis, rice, Brachypodium and bread wheat was compiled and compared to identify wheat RabD orthologs. Partial genetic sequences were assembled using the first draft of the Chinese Spring wheat genome. A suitable candidate gene from the RabD clade (TaRabD2a) was chosen for down-regulation by RNA interference (RNAi), and an RNAi construct was used to transform wheat plants. All four available RabD genes were shown by qRT-PCR to be down-regulated in the transgenic developing endosperm. The transgenic grain was found to produce flour with significantly altered processing properties when measured by farinograph and extensograph. SE-HPLC found that a smaller proportion of HMW-GS and large proportion of LMW-GS are incorporated into the glutenin macropolymer in the transgenic dough. Lower protein content but a similar protein profile on SDS-PAGE was seen in the transgenic grain

Protective effect of mesoporous silica particles on encapsulated folates

Mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) are considered suitable supports to design gated materials for the encapsulation of bioactive molecules. Folates are essential micronutrients which are sensitive to external agents that provoke nutritional deficiencies. Folates encapsulation in MSPs to prevent degradation and to allow their controlled delivery is a promising strategy. Nevertheless, no information exists about the protective effect of MSPs encapsulation to prevent their degradation. In this work, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (FO) and folic acid (FA) were entrapped in MSPs functionalized with polyamines, which acted as pH-dependent molecular gates. The stability of free and entrapped vitamins after acidic pH, high temperature and light exposure was studied. The results showed the degradation of FO after high temperature and acidic pH, whereas entrapped FO displayed enhanced stability. Free FA was degraded by light, but MSPs stabilized the vitamin. The obtained results point toward the potential use of MSPs as candidates to enhance stability and to improve the bioavailability of functional biomolecules.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Projects AGL2012-39597-C02-01, AGL2012-39597-C02-02 and MAT2012-38429-C04-01), FEDER founding and the Generalitat Valenciana (Project PROMETEOII/2014/047). M.R.R. and E.P.E. are grateful to the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for their Grants (AP2010-4369 and AP2008-0620).Ruiz Rico, M.; Daubenschüz, H.; Pérez Esteve, E.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Amorós, P.; Martínez Mañez, R.; Barat Baviera, JM. (2016). Protective effect of mesoporous silica particles on encapsulated folates. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 105:9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.05.016S91710

The contribution of wheat to human diet and health

Wheat is the most important staple crop in temperate zones and is in increasing demand in countries undergoing urbanization and industrialization. In addition to being a major source of starch and energy, wheat also provides substantial amounts of a number of components which are essential or beneficial for health, notably protein, vitamins (notably B vitamins), dietary fiber, and phytochemicals. Of these, wheat is a particularly important source of dietary fiber, with bread alone providing 20% of the daily intake in the UK, and well-established relationships between the consumption of cereal dietary fiber and reduced risk of cardio-vascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and forms of cancer (notably colo-rectal cancer). Wheat shows high variability in the contents and compositions of beneficial components, with some (including dietary fiber) showing high heritability. Hence, plant breeders should be able to select for enhanced health benefits in addition to increased crop yield