Efecto modelador de la competencia emocional en los perfiles de ciberacoso

Emotional competencies are fundamental in preventing involvement in cyberbullying situations. The main goal of this research is to study the involvement profile in cyberbullying situations, according to the mediating effect of variables such as perceived emotional intelligence, gender and age in the adult population. To this end, measures are taken through self-reports exploring the profiles of cyberbullying and the dimensions of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI), among a sample of 848 subjects enrolled in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Multivariate and binomial regression analyses are carried out, showing that the majority of participants who have difficulties in understanding and regulating their emotional states are involved in situations of cyberbullying, and pointing to emotional intelligence skills as a clear protective factor against cyberbullying. These results show the need to pay greater attention to the phenomenon of cyberbullying in the adult population, as well as the relevance of emotional intelligence skills in the prevention of cyberbullying.Las competencias emocionales son fundamentales en la prevención de la implicación en situaciones de ciberacoso. En el presente trabajo, se plantea como principal objetivo, estudiar el perfil de implicación en situaciones de ciberacoso en función del efecto mediador de las variables inteligencia emocional percibida, género y edad en población adulta. Para ello, en una muestra de 848 sujetos matriculados en “Cursos Abiertos Masivos en Línea” MOOC, se toman medidas a través de autoinformes que exploran los perfiles de ciberacoso y las dimensiones de Inteligencia Emocional Percibida (IEP). Se llevan a cabo análisis multivariado y de regresión binomial, que muestran que la mayoría de los participantes que presentan dificultades para comprender y regular sus estados emocionales están implicados en situaciones de ciberacoso y señalan a las habilidades de inteligencia emocional como un claro factor de protección del ciberacoso. Estos resultados demuestran la necesidad de prestar mayor atención al fenómeno del ciberacoso en población adulta y la relevancia de las habilidades de inteligencia emocional en la prevención del ciberacoso

Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-Adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017 : A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study

Importance: Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data. Objective: To describe cancer burden for 29 cancer groups in 195 countries from 1990 through 2017 to provide data needed for cancer control planning. Evidence Review: We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-Adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fertility rate. We also analyzed the influence of the epidemiological vs the demographic transition on cancer incidence. Findings: In 2017, there were 24.5 million incident cancer cases worldwide (16.8 million without nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]) and 9.6 million cancer deaths. The majority of cancer DALYs came from years of life lost (97%), and only 3% came from years lived with disability. The odds of developing cancer were the lowest in the low SDI quintile (1 in 7) and the highest in the high SDI quintile (1 in 2) for both sexes. In 2017, the most common incident cancers in men were NMSC (4.3 million incident cases); tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer (1.5 million incident cases); and prostate cancer (1.3 million incident cases). The most common causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for men were TBL cancer (1.3 million deaths and 28.4 million DALYs), liver cancer (572000 deaths and 15.2 million DALYs), and stomach cancer (542000 deaths and 12.2 million DALYs). For women in 2017, the most common incident cancers were NMSC (3.3 million incident cases), breast cancer (1.9 million incident cases), and colorectal cancer (819000 incident cases). The leading causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for women were breast cancer (601000 deaths and 17.4 million DALYs), TBL cancer (596000 deaths and 12.6 million DALYs), and colorectal cancer (414000 deaths and 8.3 million DALYs). Conclusions and Relevance: The national epidemiological profiles of cancer burden in the GBD study show large heterogeneities, which are a reflection of different exposures to risk factors, economic settings, lifestyles, and access to care and screening. The GBD study can be used by policy makers and other stakeholders to develop and improve national and local cancer control in order to achieve the global targets and improve equity in cancer care. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Inteligencia emocional, apego y felicidad en adolescentes. Un estudio intercultural entre España y Argentina

La inteligencia emocional y las relaciones positivas con los demás están relacionadas con la felicidad. Si conocemos qué factores contribuyen a la felicidad podremos promoverlos. En primer lugar, se explora la existencia de diferencias interculturales en inteligencia emocional, apego y felicidad entre adolescentes españoles y argentinos. Por otro lado, se pretende conocer si la inteligencia emocional y el apego predicen la felicidad en adolescentes. La muestra se compone de 915 sujetos, cuyas edades están comprendidas entre los 12 y los 17 años. El 69 % de participantes son españoles y el 31 % argentinos, siendo un 45,4 % mujeres y un 54,6% varones. Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados han sido el TMMS-24 para medir la inteligencia emocional, el Inventario de Padres y Pares (IPPA) para medir el apego y el Cuestionario de Felicidad de Oxford para medir la felicidad. Los resultados indican que se encuentran diferencias interculturales en inteligencia emocional (mayores puntuaciones en factor Reparación de la muestra argentina), en apego (mejor percepción del vínculo de apego en los adolescentes españoles) y en felicidad (mayor en adolescentes españoles). Los adolescentes más felices presentan más claridad y reparación emocional. Del mismo modo, una alta reparación y claridad emocional predicen la alta felicidad. Respecto al apego, se encuentra que una percepción positiva de la relación de apego está relacionada con la alta felicidad. Igualmente, se confirma que las relaciones de apego positivas con la madre, el padre y los iguales predicen la felicidad.Emotional intelligence and positive relationships with others are related to happiness. If we know what factors contribute to happiness we can promote them. First, the existence of cultural differences in emotional intelligence, attachment and happiness among Spanish and Argentine teenagers, has been described. On the other hand, we have explored whether emotional intelligence and attachment predict happiness in adolescents. The sample consists of 915 subjects, whose ages are between 12 and 17 years old. 69% of participants are Spanish and 31% Argentine, with 45.4% women and 54.6% men. The assessment instruments used were the TMMS-24 to measure emotional intelligence, Couple Parent Inventory (IPPA) to measure attachment and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire to measure happiness. The results indicate that there are cultural differences in emotional intelligence (higher scores on factor sample Repair Argentina), attachment (better attachment bond perception in Spanish adolescents) and happiness (higher in Spanish adolescents). The happiest teenagers have more clarity and emotional repair. Similarly, higher repair and emotional clarity predict higher happiness. Regarding the attachment, a positive perception of the attachment relationship is associated with higher happiness. Also, we show that positive attachment relationships with the mother, father and peers predict happiness.- CERUJOVI (Centro Rural Joven Vida): Beca de Servicio de Voluntariad

The Modelling Effect of Emotional Competence on Cyberbullying Profiles

Las competencias emocionales son fundamentales en la prevención de la implicación en situaciones de ciberacoso. En el presente trabajo, se plantea como principal objetivo, estudiar el perfil de implicación en situaciones de ciberacoso en función del efecto mediador de las variables inteligencia emocional percibida, género y edad en población adulta. Para ello, en una muestra de 848 sujetos matriculados en “Cursos Abiertos Masivos en Línea” MOOC, se toman medidas a través de autoinformes que exploran los perfiles de ciberacoso y las dimensiones de Inteligencia Emocional Percibida (IEP). Se llevan a cabo análisis multivariado y de regresión binomial, que muestran que la mayoría de los participantes que presentan dificultades para comprender y regular sus estados emocionales están implicados en situaciones de ciberacoso y señalan a las habilidades de inteligencia emocional como un claro factor de protección del ciberacoso. Estos resultados demuestran la necesidad de prestar mayor atención al fenómeno del ciberacoso en población adulta y la relevancia de las habilidades de inteligencia emocional en la prevención del ciberacoso.Emotional competencies are fundamental in preventing involvement in cyberbullying situations. The main goal of this research is to study the involvement profile in cyberbullying situations according to the mediating effect of variables such as perceived emotional intelligence, gender and age in the adult population. To this end, measures are taken through selfreports exploring the profiles of cyberbullying and the dimensions of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI), among a sample of 848 subjects enrolled in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), ages between 21 and 62 years (M = 40.52; SD = 11.65). Measures are taken through selfreports that explore cyberbullying profiles (Victim 18.9%, Aggressor 12.3%, Victim / Aggressor 16.3% and Without profile 52.6%), and the dimensions of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (Attention, Clarity and Repair). Multivariate and binomial regression analyses are carried out, showing that the majority of participants who have difficulties in understanding and regulating their emotional states are involved in situations of cyberbullying, and pointing to emotional intelligence skills as a clear protective factor against cyberbullying. These results show the need to pay greater attention to the phenomenon of cyberbullying in the adult population, as well as the relevance of emotional intelligence skills in the prevention of cyberbullying

Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents

The present study aimed to analyze the association between of the dimensions of emotional intelligence (attention, clarity, and repair) and different levels of perceived happiness (low, medium, and high) in adolescents. The sample consists of 646 students in the first, second, third, and fourth years of Secondary Education, 47.5% females and 52.5% males, between 12 and 17 years of age. The instruments used were the Spanish version of the Trait Meta Mood Scale-24 Questionnaire to measure perceived emotional intelligence and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. The results suggest that as the capacity of understanding and regulation of emotional intelligence increases, happiness also increases. Adolescence is seen as an ideal time in life to encourage the development of emotional capacities that contribute to the greater happiness of individuals. In this way, the present study stresses the need to carry out practices leading to improvements in the adolescents’ emotional intelligence and therefore increase their happiness and emotional well-being

A Cross-Sectional Study on Physical Activity and Psychological Distress in Adults with Asthma

Physical Activity (PA) could contribute to decreasing psychological distress and improving Self-Perceived Health (SPH) in adults with Asthma. The main objective of this study was to analyse the associations between the Physical Activity Level (PAL) Perceived Social Support (PSS) and Mental Health, using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and SPH in the adult population with Asthma. This descriptive cross-sectional study is based on data from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey, including 1040 participants with Asthma in the study. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to study the hypothetical differences between the PAL and the different variables derived from the GHQ-12. In addition, correlations between the variables generated and the items of the GHQ-12, together with the PAL and the Duke-UNC-11, were analysed using Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients. Inverse correlations were found between Mental Health and PSS (rho: −0.351) and between Mental Health and PAL (rho: −0.209), as well as in the rest of the GHQ-12 items: successful coping (rho: −0.197), self-esteem (rho: −0.193) and stress (rho: −0.145). The more active subjects had better SPH. Therefore, the research showed how higher PAL and positive SPH are related to lower psychological distress in adults with Asthma

Proceso judicial y cultura. Una mirada global

El Grupo de Investigaciones en Derecho Procesal de la Universidad de Medellín presenta a los profesionales del derecho y a la comunidad académica en general, un libro de alta calidad que orientará la formación de estudiantes en temas de derecho procesal contemporáneo. Presentamos orgullosos el libro Proceso judicial y cultura. Una mirada global", seguros de que permitirá la construcción de espacios adecuados para el estudio del proceso jurisdiccional desde su relacionamiento con la cultura, la política, la economía, la sociología, entre otros, que impactan en la configuración del proceso en todas sus áreas, dado que este no es neutral y adopta diferentes modelos de acuerdo con el contexto cultural y su ideología. Se destaca finalmente en esta obra la participación de un sólido y reconocido núcleo docente, integrado por profesores e investigadores vinculados a prestigiosas universidades e institutos internacionales, comprometidos con el estudio del derecho procesal contemporáneo. Así, en el libro el lector encontrará los aportes de Michele T aruffo (Italia), Cristina de Maglie (I talia), Mario E. Chaumet (Argentina), Eduardo Oteiza (Argentina), Petronio Calmon (Brasil), Joan Picó I Junoy (España), Majid Pourostad (Irán), Susan Haack (Estados Unidos), Stacie Strong (Estados Unidos) ; por Colombia se contó con los aportes de Juan Gabriel Rojas, Dimaro Agudelo, Hernán Villa, Débora Guerra y Nina Ferrer, y en la traducción de capítulos al español fue valiosa la labor que cumplieron Diana Ramírez, Orión Vargas, Dimaro Agudelo y Guido Águila (Perú)

Consensus-based management protocol (CREVICE protocol) for the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury based on imaging and clinical examination for use when intracranial pressure monitoring is not employed

Globally, intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring use in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is inconsistent and susceptible to resource limitations and clinical philosophies. For situations without monitoring, there is no published comprehensive management algorithm specific to identifying and treating suspected intracranial hypertension (SICH) outside of the one ad hoc Imaging and Clinical Examination (ICE) protocol in the Benchmark Evidence from South American Trials: Treatment of Intracranial Pressure (BEST:TRIP) trial. As part of an ongoing National Institutes of Health (NIH)-supported project, a consensus conference involving 43 experienced Latin American Intensivists and Neurosurgeons who routinely care for sTBI patients without ICP monitoring, refined, revised, and augmented the original BEST:TRIP algorithm. Based on BEST:TRIP trial data and pre-meeting polling, 11 issues were targeted for development. We used Delphi-based methodology to codify individual statements and the final algorithm, using a group agreement threshold of 80%. The resulting CREVICE (Consensus REVised ICE) algorithm defines SICH and addresses both general management and specific treatment. SICH treatment modalities are organized into tiers to guide treatment escalation and tapering. Treatment schedules were developed to facilitate targeted management of disease severity. A decision-support model, based on the group's combined practices, is provided to guide this process. This algorithm provides the first comprehensive management algorithm for treating sTBI patients when ICP monitoring is not available. It is intended to provide a framework to guide clinical care and direct future research toward sTBI management. Because of the dearth of relevant literature, it is explicitly consensus based, and is provided solely as a resource (a “consensus-based curbside consult”) to assist in treating sTBI in general intensive care units in resource-limited environments

Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Vitamin K antagonists are highly effective in preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation but have several limitations. Apixaban is a novel oral direct factor Xa inhibitor that has been shown to reduce the risk of stroke in a similar population in comparison with aspirin. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we compared apixaban (at a dose of 5 mg twice daily) with warfarin (target international normalized ratio, 2.0 to 3.0) in 18,201 patients with atrial fibrillation and at least one additional risk factor for stroke. The primary outcome was ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. The trial was designed to test for noninferiority, with key secondary objectives of testing for superiority with respect to the primary outcome and to the rates of major bleeding and death from any cause. RESULTS: The median duration of follow-up was 1.8 years. The rate of the primary outcome was 1.27% per year in the apixaban group, as compared with 1.60% per year in the warfarin group (hazard ratio with apixaban, 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 0.95; P<0.001 for noninferiority; P = 0.01 for superiority). The rate of major bleeding was 2.13% per year in the apixaban group, as compared with 3.09% per year in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.80; P<0.001), and the rates of death from any cause were 3.52% and 3.94%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.99; P = 0.047). The rate of hemorrhagic stroke was 0.24% per year in the apixaban group, as compared with 0.47% per year in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.75; P<0.001), and the rate of ischemic or uncertain type of stroke was 0.97% per year in the apixaban group and 1.05% per year in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.13; P = 0.42). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with atrial fibrillation, apixaban was superior to warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolism, caused less bleeding, and resulted in lower mortality. Copyright © 2011 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved