Estudio morfológico de los márgenes continentales y cuencas oceánicas Nor-Ibéricas

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica. Fecha de lectura: 21-12-201

Influenza syndromic surveillance based on sentinel pharmacies in Catalonia (Spain) in 2017-2020

Objective: To analyse influenza surveillance data obtained from sentinel pharmacies of Catalonia, Spain, in 2017−18, 2018−19 and 2019-20 influenza seasons. Methods: Influenza surveillance information was collected from a representative sample of community pharmacies of Catalonia. Influenza-like cases were identified based on the ECDC criteria.The Chi-square test and Odds ratios were used to compare percentages between different population groups, with a p <0.05 considered as statistically significant. The screening method was used to assess influenza vaccination effectiveness. The moving epidemic method (MEM) was used to assess influenza epidemics in the three influenza seasons. Results: A total of 836, 1,000 and 587 influenza-like cases were reported in 2017−18, 2018−19 and 2019−20. Sentinel pharmacies dispended medications to 94-98% of patients. Paracetamol, cough medication, ibuprofen and antihistamines were dispended to more than 25% of patients. Dispensation of antibiotics decreased by 57% from 2017-18 to 2019-20 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28-0.74, p < 0.001). Physicians prescribed medications to 30-38% of influenza-like patients. The influenza vaccination effectiveness in individuals aged 65 or more years was 51.4% (95% CI: 41.9−60.7) in 2018-19 and 67% (95% CI: 53.4−79.8) in 2019-20 influenza seasons. Influenza epidemics occurred from week 50 of 2017 to week 7 of 2018; from week 51 of 2017 to week 8 of 2019; and from week 2 to week 7 of 2020. Conclusion: The influenza surveillance system based on sentinel pharmacies provided consistent information on the influenza epidemic, influenza morbidity not assisted in health centres and medications used to treat influenza-like cases during 2017−2019

Contourites along the Iberian continental margins:conceptual and economic implications

34 pages, 14 figures, 3 tablesThis work uses seismic records to document and classify contourite features around the Iberian continental margin to determine their implications for depositional systems and petroleum exploration. Contourites include depositional features (separated, sheeted, plastered and confined drifts), erosional features (abraded surfaces, channels, furrows and moats) and mixed features (contourite terraces). Drifts generally show high- to moderate-amplitude reflectors, which are cyclically intercalated with transparent layers. Transparent layers may represent finer-grained deposits, which can serve as seal rocks. High-amplitude reflectors (HARs) are likely to represent sandier layers, which could form hydrocarbon reservoirs. HARs occur on erosive features (moats and channels), and are clearly developed on contourite terraces and overflow features. Most of the contourite features described here are influenced by Mediterranean water masses throughout their Pliocene and Quaternary history. They specifically record Mediterranean Outflow Water, following its exit through the Gibraltar Strait. This work gives a detailed report on the variation of modern contourite deposits, which can help inform ancient contourite reservoir interpretation. Further research correlating 2D and 3D seismic anomalies with core and well-logging data is needed to develop better diagnostic criteria for contourites. This can help to clarify the role of contourites in petroleum systemsThis contribution is a product of the IGCP-619 and INQUA-1204 projects, and is partially supported through the CTM 2008-06399-C04/MAR (CONTOURIBER), CGL2011-16057-E (MOW), CTM 2012-39599-C03 (MOWER), CGL2016-80445-R (SCORE), FCT-PTDC/GEO-GEO/4430/2012 (CONDRIBER), CTM2016-75129-C3-1-R and CGL2015-74216-JIN projectsPeer Reviewe

Sintomatología ansiosa y estilos de crianza en una muestra clínica de preescolares

La relación entre ios trastornos de ansiedad y los estilos parentales es un tema de creciente interés desde hace varias décadas, principalmente en grupos de edad escotar. En el presente trabajo se ha analizado la relación entre la sintomatología ansiosa que presentan un grupo de escolares clínicamente referidos, los estilos de crianza parentales y el estado de salud paterno. Los resuitados obtenidos muestran, por un lado, correlación entre el estilo de crianza hiperreactivo y los síntomas de ansiedad generalizada, y por otro, correlación entre el estado de salud paterno y los síntomas de ansiedad de separación. Se observa también una relación entre los estilos de crianza, principalmente el hiperreactivo, y el estado de salud paternoThe relationship between anxiety disorders and parenting styles has been a topic of growing interest over the past decades, mostly in school age groups. The present work analyzes the relationship between anxious symptomatology in a sample of clinically referred preschoolers, parenting styles and parents' health. On one hand, results show a correlation between hyperreactivity style and symptoms of generalized anxiety and. on the other hand, a correlation between parents' health and separation anxiety symptoms. There is also a relationship between parenting styles (mainly hyperreactivity) and parents' healt

Geomorphological and sedimentary processes of the glacially influenced northwestern Iberian continental margin and abyssal plains

The offshore region of northwestern Iberia offers an opportunity to study the impacts of along-slope processes on the morphology of a glacially influenced continental margin, which has traditionally been conceptually characterised by predominant down-slope sedimentary processes. High-resolution multibeam bathymetry, acoustic backscatter and ultrahigh-resolution seismic reflection profile data are integrated and analysed to describe the present-day and recent geomorphological features and to interpret their associated sedimentary processes. Seventeen large-scale seafloor morphologies and sixteen individual echo types, interpreted as structural features (escarpments, marginal platforms and related fluid escape structures) and depositional and erosional bedforms developed either by the influence of bottom currents (moats, abraded surfaces, sediment waves, contourite drifts and ridges) or by gravitational features (gullies, canyons, slides, channel-levee complexes and submarine fans), are identified for the first time in the study area (spanning ~90,000 km2 and water depths of 300m to 5 km). Different types of slope failures and turbidity currents are mainly observed on the upper and lower slopes and along submarine canyons and deep-sea channels. The middle slope morphologies are mostly determined by the actions of bottom currents (North Atlantic Central Water, Mediterranean Outflow Water, Labrador Sea Water and North Atlantic Deep Water), which thereby define the margin morphologies and favour the reworking and deposition of sediments. The abyssal plains (Biscay and Iberian) are characterised by pelagic deposits and channel-lobe systems (the Cantabrian and Charcot), although several contourite features are also observed at the foot of the slope due to the influence of the deepest water masses (i.e., the North Atlantic Deep Water and Lower Deep Water). Thiswork shows that the study area is the result of Mesozoic to present-day tectonics (e.g. themarginal platforms and structural highs). Therefore, tectonism constitutes a long-term controlling factor, whereas the climate, sediment supply and bottom currents play key roles in the recent short-term architecture and dynamics. Moreover, the recent predominant along-slope sedimentary processes observed in the studied northwestern Iberian Margin represent snapshots of the progressive stages and mixed deep-water system developments of the marginal platforms on passive margins and may provide information for a predictive model of the evolution of other similar margins.Departamento de Investigación y Prospectiva Geocientífica, Unidad de Tres Cantos, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaDepartamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, EspañaDepartment of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Reino Unid

Morphologic characterisation of the Biscay abyssal plain deep-sea channels system

4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table[ES] En este trabajo se pone de manifiesto la existencia de un complejo sistema de canales medio-oceánicos en la llanura abisal de Vizcaya a partir de la información batimétrica, de reflectividad y de perfiles sísmicos de muy alta resolución obtenidos desde 2001 en el marco del proyecto de Investigación Científica de la ZEEE. Los resultados preliminares del estudio morfológico revelan la presencia de dos sistemas de canales submarinos, con una longitud total de unos 700 km y a una profundidad alrededor de 5.000 m. El desarrollo de estos sistemas tiene su origen al norte en el sistema turbidítico Céltico-Armoricano y al este en el sistema turbidítico de Cap Ferret. Los sistemas de canales se unen frente a los altos estructurales de Charcot. Hacia el sur se diferencia un sistema principal, con canales erosivos y tramos rectilíneos bordeando el Alto de A Coruña, y un sistema secundario, con mayor sinuosidad y agradación sedimentaria en la mayoría de los canales. Todos ellos convergen en un estrechamiento morfoestructural denominado Theta Gap que da paso a la llanura abisal de Iberia. Este sistema de desagüe submarino está probablemente vinculado tanto a cambios climáticos y eustáticos, como a un fuerte control estructural lo cual ha condicionado la localización, el tipo flujo, la erosión/depósito y su reciente jerarquización[EN] The Biscay abyssal plain has been analyzed based on bathymetry data and very high resolution seismic profiles obtained since 2001 under the scientific research project of the ZEEE. Preliminary results of the morpho-sedimentary study reveal the presence of two deep-sea channel systems named Cap Ferret and Armorican, with a total length of 700 km and around 5,000 m of water depth. The development of these systems has its origin south of the Celtic-Armorican and west of Cap Ferret turbiditic systems, both joining at the southern zone of the Charcot highs. At this part a main system, with straight stretches erosive channels along the A Coruña High, and a secondary system, characterised by more sinuous and repositional channels, are developed. They all converge towards the Theta Gap, connecting the Biscay and Iberia abyssal plains. The genesis of the deep-sea channel systems is likely linked to the continuation of turbiditic processes generated in the adjacent continental margins, but amplified by the action of bottom currents. Their recent development appear to be controlled by climatic and eustatic fluctuations, as well as a strong structural control, which has conditioned the location, type of flow, erosion / deposition and its recent rankingEste trabajo se ha realizado en el marco de las actividades de los proyectos “Investigación Científica de la ZEEE” del Ministerio de Defensa, CONTOURIBER (CTM 2008-06399-C04/MAR) y CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 CSD2006-0041-TOPOIBERIA.Peer reviewe

Análisis de lineamientos en el Margen Continental de Galicia y en las llanuras abisales adyacentes a partir del Modelo Digital del Terreno: Implicaciones en la evolución morfoestructural

Para identificar las principales estructuras tectónicas recientes existentes en el Margen Continental de Galicia y en las llanuras abisales adyacentes, se ha realizado un análisis cuantitativo de las orientaciones y longitudes de estructuras lineales que tienen expresión batimétrica en el fondo marino. Se han identificado unos 5800 lineamientos a lo largo de toda la zona de estudio. El mayor número de lineamientos se sitúa en la zona de los altos de Charcot y Coruña, en el sector occidental de la zona del Banco de Galicia, en la zona de las plataformas marginales y en el sector septentrional del margen. El análisis de la orientación de los lineamientos muestra una dirección NE-SO dominante y tres máximos relativos de dirección NO-SE, E-O y N-S. La longitud de los lineamientos identificados supera los 44.000 kilómetros. Se observa una moda en torno a 5000 metros y una longitud media de aproximadamente 7800 m. Basándonos en diferentes estudios tectónicos realizados en el margen noroeste de la Península Ibérica, se determina que las orientaciones obtenidas a partir del análisis de lineamientos extraídos del MDT del Margen Continental de Galicia y de las llanuras abisales adyacentes son un reflejo de los sistemas de fracturas que han controlado los rasgos morfoestructurales que definen este sector.Unidad de Tres Cantos, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaDepartamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Españ

Temperamental Dimension and Anxiety Problems in a Clinical Sample of Three- to Six-year old Children: A Study of Variables

En los últimos años, diversos investigadores han estudiado la presencia de dimensiones temperamentales comunes en sujetos con sintomatología ansiosa. El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar la asociación entre dimensiones temperamentales (afecto negativo y nivel de actividad) y problemas de ansiedad en niños clínicos preescolares. Un total de 38 niños de 3 a 6 años de edad, pertenecientes al Centro de Salud Mental Infanto-Juvenil de Girona y al Centro de Diagnóstico y Atención Precoz de Sabadell y Olot, fueron evaluados por sus padres y por psicólogos. Los padres contestaron a diversas escalas de cribaje y, posteriormente, diversos profesionales... (Ver más) en psicopatología clínica infantil realizaron entrevistas diagnósticas a los niños de la muestra que presentaban indicios de ansiedad. Los hallazgos obtenidos muestran que los niños con elevados niveles de afecto negativo y bajos niveles de actividad presentan elevada sintomatología ansiosa. Sin embargo, los niños con trastornos de ansiedad no presentan un estilo temperamental distinto al de los niños sin estas patologías.In the last few years, many researchers have studied the presence of common dimensions of temperament in subjects with symptoms of anxiety. The aim of this study is to examine the association between temperamental dimensions (high negative affect and activity level) and anxiety problems in clinical preschool children. A total of 38 children, ages 3 to 6 years, from the Infant and Adolescent Mental Health Center of Girona and the Center of Diagnosis and Early Attention of Sabadell and Olot were evaluated by parents and psychologists. Their parents completed several screening scales and, subsequently, clinical child psychopathology professionals... (Ver más) carried out diagnostic interviews with children from the sample who presented signs of anxiety. Findings showed that children with high levels of negative affect and low activity level have pronounced symptoms of anxiety. However, children with anxiety disorders do not present different temperament styles from their peers without these pathologies

Sífilis congénita. Estudio de once años

Se estudió el comportamiento de la sífilis congénita en la provincia de Guantánamo durante los años 1987-1998 con el objetivo de identificar los aspectos epidemiológicos y factores que determinaron su aparición, se realizó una estrategia de intervención y se compararon los resultados. Fueron diagnosticados 19 casos antes de la intervención, registrándose el mayor número de ellos en 1995; predominó la forma clínica sintomática y fueron los más afectados los pacientes de 1 a 2 meses y el sexo masculino y la no realización de serología en el 3er trimestre fue factor de mayor importancia en la detección precoz de la enfermedad. Se concluye que la vigilancia clínico-epidemiológica es fundamental en la prevención de la sífilis congénita