“When Out Is In”: Community Mobilization through Social Marketing in Nearshore Fisheries in Panabo City, Mindanao Island, Philippines

A pride campaign in Panabo City was implemented from 2012 to 2014 to inspire local fishers to change their behavior so that they will use only the allowed fishing gear, hook and line in buffer zone and fish only outside the no-take zone to reduce the threats and preserve coral cover and fish population in Cagangohan Fish Sanctuary. The Rare’s Theory of Change (TOC), hypothesis and impact assessment framework were used in the study. The analysis involved evaluation of social marketing and barrier removal strategies using quantitative (KAP) and qualitative (Non-KAP) data during pre and post campaign. Thirty five social marketing and 30 barrier removal activities were conducted that were complemented with 30 social marketing materials. The results of the campaign are as follows: increased level of fishers’ knowledge on fish sanctuary location, rules and regulations, and MPA benefits; increased level of fishers’ belief that non-compliance of rules and regulations results in the decline of fish populations and on MPA benefits; increased level of fishers’ interpersonal communication on fish sanctuary location, rules and regulations and MPA benefits; increased MPA management effectiveness from level 0 to level 2; behavior change and decreased intrusion into the no-take-zone, and use of non-allowed fishing gear in buffer zone; and the preservation of coral cover and fish biomass. The increase in desired behavior has reduced the threats to fish sanctuary but did not increase coral cover and fish population as the expected conservation result. However, a strong capacity and constituency was established during the campaign implementation that needs to be sustained in year 3 and beyond

Taklobo Tours: Conservation, Tourism and Livelihood Opportunities in the Island Garden City of Samal, Southern Philippines

Taklobo Tours was launched in 2013 at Adecor, Samal Island, Southern Philippines, to promote giant clam conservation, ecotourism, and provide livelihood to 19 fisherfolk beneficiaries. This is to address the observations that coastal communities in Barangay Adecor and other areas in Region XI have violated RA 8550 on the rules and regulations of the CITES-listed species, Tridacna spp., and that fisherfolk have low income. This study aims to determine the impacts of Taklobo Tours to conservation, tourism, and livelihood of beneficiaries. Qualitative and quantitative data from 2013 to 2015 were used to analyze and describe the impacts. On top of the existing in-situ conservation of giant clams in a marine protected area (MPA), capacity building, conservation advocacy, policy support, and site development were among the site interventions. To date, the beneficiaries have increased their level of participation as conservation advocates, violations are no longer observed in the barangay, and communities have shown strong support for the advocacy. Being the banner tourism project of the local government, it has an increasing number of guests from 284 per month in 2013 to 700 per month in 2015, but usually higher during peak months of April and May. A total of 11,611 local and international guests visited and contributed to the income from fees amounting to PhP835,195.00. This provided additional income of PhP50 to PhP700 per month in 2013 and PhP500 to PhP4,800 per month in 2015 to the beneficiaries and sustainability fund to the project. This remarkable journey was made possible through the strong partnership of academe with local government units of Island Garden City of Samal and Adecor for technical assistance, promotion, management, and legislations. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure project sustainability

Urban coral reefs: Degradation and resilience of hard coral assemblages in coastal cities of East and Southeast Asia

© 2018 The Author(s) Given predicted increases in urbanization in tropical and subtropical regions, understanding the processes shaping urban coral reefs may be essential for anticipating future conservation challenges. We used a case study approach to identify unifying patterns of urban coral reefs and clarify the effects of urbanization on hard coral assemblages. Data were compiled from 11 cities throughout East and Southeast Asia, with particular focus on Singapore, Jakarta, Hong Kong, and Naha (Okinawa). Our review highlights several key characteristics of urban coral reefs, including “reef compression” (a decline in bathymetric range with increasing turbidity and decreasing water clarity over time and relative to shore), dominance by domed coral growth forms and low reef complexity, variable city-specific inshore-offshore gradients, early declines in coral cover with recent fluctuating periods of acute impacts and rapid recovery, and colonization of urban infrastructure by hard corals. We present hypotheses for urban reef community dynamics and discuss potential of ecological engineering for corals in urban areas

Fig. 3 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 3. Diameter of fully digested crown-of-thorns sea stars (Acanthaster planci) as a function of polyp diameter of Paracorynactis hoplites.Published as part of <i>Bos, Arthur R., Mueller, Benjamin & Gumanao, Girley S., 2011, Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia), pp. 245-250 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)</i> on page 247, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10107460">10.5281/zenodo.10107460</a&gt

Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Bos, Arthur R., Mueller, Benjamin, Gumanao, Girley S. (2011): Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2): 245-250, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1010746

Fig. 5 in Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)

Fig. 5. Symbiotic shrimp Thor amboinensis among tentacles of a polyp of Paracorynactis hoplites. Mouth of polyp is visible at lower right (A. R. Bos).Published as part of <i>Bos, Arthur R., Mueller, Benjamin & Gumanao, Girley S., 2011, Feeding Biology And Symbiotic Relationships Of The Corallimorpharian Paracorynactis Hoplites (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia), pp. 245-250 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)</i> on page 248, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10107460">10.5281/zenodo.10107460</a&gt

Population dynamics, reproduction and growth of the Indo-Pacific horned sea star, Protoreaster nodosos (Echinodermata; Asteroidea)

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