The application of intra-articulr injections for management of the consequences of disc displacement without reduction

The aim of the study was to make a comparative studies on the effectiveness of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in intra-articular injections to the temporomandibular joints—in double blind studies application—based on the analysis of selected clinical parameters of functional effciency and the mean value of joint’s pain intensity before and after management. The study enrolled a group of 100 patients, aged 21 to 43 years, of both sexes, who came for the prosthodontic treatment. All patients had II b group of disorder according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria/Temporomandibular Disorder, and were consecutively, alternately assigned to the groups, 50 patients in each. Study group PRP was treated with intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma and study group HA had injection with hyaluronic acid. The examination was double-blind, so that the injecting physician and the patient were not informed what kind of medicinal substance they received in the joint injection. The final selected clinical parameters did not differ statistically significantly between the groups, what means that both administered substances were effective in the repair of intra-articular structures. The results of research showed that the use of PRP and HA in intraarticular joint’s injections positively a ects in selected clinical parameters and decrease of the pain in temporomandibular joints in the case of disc displacement without reduction

Evaluation of C-reactive protein level in patients with pain form of temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is a functional disorder concerned with the abnormal functioning of the muscles of the stomatognathic system and temporomandibular joints involved in the dynamic movements of the jaw and surrounding structures. The aim of the study was to compare the level of C-reactive protein in patients with pain and painless forms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 72 patients who reported to the prosthetic treatment because of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The study group included 36 patients with pain form of dysfunction, and the control group included 36 patients with painless form of disorder. Each patient underwent specialized examination of functional disorders in order to diagnose the type of dysfunction and was commissioned to carry out a study of the blood test concerned with evaluation of the C-reactive protein (CRP) level in the same analytical laboratory. The results of the investigation were subjected to statistical analysis. The research obtained approval from the Ethics Committee of the Jagiellonian University (KBET/125/L/2013). Level of Evidence for primary research was established as type V. Results. The mean values of C-reactive protein levels in both groups were in the normal range and did not differ statistically significantly, which indicates the fact that the pain form of the temporomandibular joint disorders is not associated with inflammation of the soft tissues of the joint. Conclusion. Painful form of the temporomandibular joint dysfunctions is not connected with the inflammation of joints

Ocena wpływu środków do higieny protez ruchomych na właściwości mechaniczne wybranych tworzyw akrylowych : na podstawie badań pilotażowych

Wprowadzenie. Najczęściej stosowanymi uzupełnieniami protetycznymi są ruchome protezy akrylowe. Użytkowanie takich uzupełnień wiąże się z koniecznością codziennej ich higienizacji za pomocą środków czyszczących i dezynfekujących. Istnieje wiele niejasności dotyczących wpływu środków dezynfekujących na właściwości mechaniczne akrylu. Cel pracy. Celem pracy była ocena „in vitro”, czy środki stosowane do dezynfekcji protez akrylowych mają wpływ na twardość oraz wytrzymałość na rozciąganie akrylu. Materiały i metody. Do badań wybrano dwa materiały akrylowe, z których powszechnie wykonywane są protezy ruchome, tzn. akryl SR Triplex Hot firmy Ivoclar Vivadent oraz Rapid Simplifield firmy Vertex i preparaty stosowane do dezynfekcji protez: 2% roztwór glukonianu chlorheksydyny, 2% roztwór podchlorynu sodu, tabletki czyszczące Corega Tabs oraz tabletki czyszczące Fittydent. Z każdego materiału wykonano po 24 próbki. Próbki podzielono na 3 grupy. W grupie pierwszej próbki przechowywano w wodzie destylowanej o temperaturze 37°C i raz dziennie zanurzano je w jednym z czterech środków dezynfekujących na 15minut. W grupie drugiej próbki przechowywano w wodzie destylowanej i nie poddawano ich dezynfekcji. W grupie trzeciej (kontrolnej) próbki przebadano tuż po ich wykonaniu. Po upływie 2 i 4 tygodni w grupie pierwszej i drugiej zbadano twardość oraz wytrzymałość na rozciąganie. Wytrzymałość na rozciąganie badano z zastosowaniem maszyny wytrzymałościowej, a twardość za pomocą twardościomierza (według metody Vickersa). Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej. Wyniki. Roztworem, który w największym stopniu wpływał na obniżenie twardości i wytrzymałości akrylu była chlorheksydyna. Najmniejszy spadek właściwości wytrzymałościowych akrylu odnotowano w przypadku tabletek czyszczących Fittydent, Corega Tabs i roztworu podchlorynu sodu. Wnioski. Wszystkie środki zastosowane do dezynfekcji akrylu powodowały obniżenie jego właściwości mechanicznych.Introduction. Removable acrylic dentures are the most commonly used prosthetic restorations. Their use involves daily hygienic care with cleaning agents and disinfectants. There are many uncertainties regarding the effect of disinfectants on the mechanical properties of acrylics. Aim of the study. To assess in vitro whether acrylic denture disinfectants have an effect on the hardness and tensile strength of acrylic materials. Materials and methods. The study was conducted with two acrylic materials of which removable dentures are commonly made, i.e. SR Triplex Hot from Ivoclar Vivadent and Rapid Simplifield from Vertex. The following preparations used for the disinfection of dentures were assessed: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, 2% sodium hypochlorite solution, Corega Tabs cleansing tablets and Fittydent cleansing tablets. Twenty-four samples were made from each material. The samples were divided into three groups. In the first group, samples were stored in distilled water at 37°C and dipped in one of the four disinfectants for 15 minutes once a day. In the second group, samples were stored in distilled water and they were not disinfected. In the third group (control group), samples were tested right after they were made. After 2 and 4 weeks, samples in the first and second groups were tested for hardness and tensile strength. Tensile strength was tested using a universal testing machine, and hardness was tested using a hardness gauge (Vickers method). The results obtained were analysed statistically. Findings. Chlorhexidine was the solution that reduced the hardness and strength of acrylic the most. The smallest drop in the strength properties of acrylic was observed for Fittydent and Corega Tabs cleansing tablets and sodium hypochlorite solution. Conclusions. All the acrylic disinfectants used reduced the mechanical properties of acrylic

Obturatory protetyczne stosowane w leczeniu torbieli kości szczęk

Pacjenci, u których rozpoznawane są zmiany o charakterze torbieli kości szczękowych ze względu na rozległość zmian, kierowani są do leczenia chirurgicznego, polegającego na odbarczeniu i usunięciu tych nieprawidłowości. Pomiędzy etapami leczenia chirurgicznego stosowany jest obturator protetyczny. Cel pracy. Analiza grupy chorych i przedstawienie procedury leczenia protetycznego z zastosowaniem obturatorów. Materiał i metoda. Analizą objęto grupę pacjentów leczonych w okresie od 01.07.2011 do 31.12.2012. Ocenie poddano dane demograficzne, lokalizację zmiany, rozpoznanie histopatologiczne, rodzaj obturatora oraz czas leczenia. Wyniki. W analizie uwzględniono 102 osoby. U 68 chorych zmiany umiejscowione były w żuchwie. W rozpoznaniu histopatologicznym dominowały torbiele zębopochodne i zawiązkowe (38 chorych). We wszystkich przypadkach zastosowano obturator protetyczny. Drugi etap leczenia chirurgicznego przeprowadzono w 75 przypadkach. Wnioski. W leczeniu chorych z torbielami istotną rolę odgrywa zastosowanie obturatora.Patients diagnosed with cystic lesions of the jaw bones undergo surgical treatment consisting in decompression and curettage due to the extent of lesions. Prosthetic obturator is used between stages of treatment. Aim of the study. To analyse a group of patients and to present the prosthetic procedure with the use of obturators. Material and methods. The analysis covered a group of patients treated from 01.07.2011 to 31.12.2012. The data included demographic data, location of lesion, histopathological diagnosis, the type of obturator and the duration of treatment. Results. The analysis covered 102 subjects. In 68 patients the lesions were located in the mandible. Histopathological diagnosis was dominated by odontogenic and dentigerous cysts (in 38 cases). In all the cases, a prosthetic obturator was used. The second stage of surgical therapy was performed in 75 cases. Conclusion. The application of obturator in the treatment of patients with cysts plays an important role

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with Kelly's Syndrome : a case report

Zespół kombinowany Kelly’ego występuje u pacjentów z brakami C2 wg Eichnera, użytkujących protezy akrylowe: całkowite w szczęce oraz protezy częściowe uzupełniające braki skrzydłowe w żuchwie lub wyłącznie protezę górną. Do charakterystycznych objawów klinicznych tego zespołu należą: utrata kości wyrostka zębodołowego w przednim odcinku szczęki, rozrost guzów wyrostka zębodołowego szczęki, rozrost brodawkowaty błony śluzowej w centralnej części podniebienia twardego, zanik kości części zębodołowej żuchwy, ekstruzja zębów dolnych. Wszystkie te czynniki utrudniają skuteczne leczenie protetyczne. Lekarze dentyści starają się przezwyciężyć trudności związane z tym syndromem poprzez właściwe zaplanowanie postępowania, które w wielu przypadkach wymaga współpracy ze specjalistą z zakresu chirurgii stomatologicznej. W ramach leczenia przedprotetycznego konieczne jest przeprowadzenie zabiegów: korekty rozrostu guza/ów wyrostka zębodołowego szczęki, przerośniętych, nadmiernie ruchomych tkanek miękkich, wszczepienia implantów przy uzupełnieniach typu overdenture itp. Pomimo przewagi leczenia implantoprotetycznego nad pozostałymi metodami, duża liczba pacjentów wymaga - z powodów finansowych i medycznych - zastosowania konwencjonalnych protez ruchomych. W artykule przedstawiono przypadek rehabilitacji pacjentki z zespołem Kelly’ego i omówiono możliwości rozwiązania potencjalnych problemów.Kelly’s combination syndrome occurs in patients belonging to the Eichner group C2 having acrylic dentures: complete in the jaw as well as mandibular bilateral distal-extension partial dentures, or those who have only a complete upper denture. The characteristic clinical symptoms of this syndrome include the following: the loss of alveolar bone in the anterior part of the maxilla, the growth of maxillary tubers, the overgrowth of papillary mucous membrane in the central part of the hard palate, alveolar bone loss of the mandible, and the extrusion of lower teeth. All these factors make the proper prosthetic treatment difficult. Dentists try to overcome the difficulties associated with this syndrome through proper planning procedure, which in many cases requires cooperation with a specialist in dental surgery in any pre-prosthetic treatment: correcting maxillary tuber/s, cutting excessively moving overgrown soft tissue, and implant restorations with an "overdenture" and so on. Despite the undoubted advantages of implantation procedures, a large number of patients require - for financial and medical reasons - treatment with conventional dentures. This article presents the case of a patient with Kelly’s syndrome and discusses various concepts regarding solving the problems associated with it

Dental environmental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

ObjectivesThe burden of stress experienced by dentistry students has been the subject of numerous studies aimed at defining the strongest stressors, and at reducing their intensity to improve the conditions and, consequently, the quality of education. Such studies have never been performed in the conditions of a pandemic caused by a new, unknown coronavirus. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify the sources of their stress in the course of the studies, with reference to the COVID‑19 pandemic.Material and MethodsA total of 334 dentistry students of the Institute of Dentistry at the Jagiellonian University Medical College were invited to take part in the study. They represented a range from the first to the fifth year of studies in the 2019/2020 academic year. The tool employed in the study was the Dental Environmental Stress (DES) questionnaire and 11 supplementary questions related to the pandemic. The study was carried out on June 1–25, 2020.ResultsThe participation rate was 72%. Academic work presented the highest level of stress. A comparison of the overall levels of stress in particular domains as well as questions included in the DES survey revealed significant differences between students of individual years of studies in the 2019/2020 academic year. The strongest positive relationships between the supplementary questions and the DES domains appeared in the area of clinical factors. These concerned returning to clinical classes and contact with patients with regard to SARS-CoV-2 (rs = 0.50, p < 0.001), contact with patients in connection with SARS-CoV-2 (rs = 0.47, p < 0.001), and a lack of practical classes with patients in connection with the COVID‑19 pandemic (rs = 0.42, p < 0.001).ConclusionsDentistry students were subjected to stress resulting from a conflict between the perceived risk of returning to clinical classes and contact with patients due to SARS-CoV-2, and disruptions in the course of clinical education, which they perceived negatively

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI