Relations between family context and substance abuse in high school adolescents

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir características del contexto familiar de adolescentes de la enseñanza secundaria y sus relaciones con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas. Se utilizo un diseño de estudio descriptivo transversal, de tipo encuesta, con una muestra de 657 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de León, en Nicaragua, correspondiendo a 31% del universo. La información fue recolectada a través de un cuestionario auto aplicado y anónimo. El 56% del total convive con ambos padres y el 32% sólo con la madre. Tienen buenas relaciones con la madre pero no confían en ella, con 86% y 24% respectivamente. En relación al uso de sustancias en el núcleo familiar, el 52% de las familias de donde proceden las/los adolescentes tienen antecedentes de uso, siendo el padre el que generalmente usa (42%). Los resultados aportan contribuciones relevantes para la elaboración de políticas públicas en salud y para el delineamiento de estrategias de prevención con adolescentes.Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever características do contexto familiar de adolescentes de ensino secundário e suas relações com o uso de substâncias psicoativas. Utilizou-se desenho de estudo descritivo transversal, do tipo survey, com amostra de 657 estudantes de ensino secundário da cidade de Leon, Nicarágua, correspondendo a 31% do universo investigado. As informações foram coletadas por meio de questionário autoadministrado e anônimo. Os resultados mostraram que 56% dos adolescentes conviviam com ambos os pais e 32% somente com a mãe; 86% tinham boas relações com a mãe, porém 24% não mostravam confiança na figura materna. Em relação ao uso de substâncias psicoativas no núcleo familiar, 52% das famílias de origem dos/das adolescentes apresentavam antecedentes, sendo o pai o que normalmente fazia uso (42%). Os resultados trazem contribuições relevantes para a elaboração de políticas públicas na área da saúde e o delineamento de estratégias de prevenção entre adolescentes.This study aimed to describe the family context characteristics of high school adolescents and their relation to psychoactive substance abuse. It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a population of 657 secondary-school students in the city of Leon, Nicaragua, which corresponded to 31% of the research context. Data was collected through an anonymous questionnaire. Results show that 56% of the adolescents were living with both parents and 32% only with the mother, 86% declared a good relationship with the mother, but 24% did not show confidence in the mother figure. Regarding psychoactive substance use within the family context, 52% of the adolescents' family presented previous use events and, in 42% of cases, the father was the user. Results offer important contributions to design public healthcare policies and to outline prevention strategies for use among adolescents

Magnetism, symmetry and spin transport in van der Waals layered systems

The discovery of an ever-increasing family of atomic layered magnetic materials, together with the already established vast catalogue of strong spin–orbit coupling and topological systems, calls for some guiding principles to tailor and optimize novel spin transport and optical properties at their interfaces. Here, we focus on the latest developments in both fields that have brought them closer together and make them ripe for future fruitful synergy. After outlining fundamentals on van der Waals magnetism and spin–orbit coupling effects, we discuss how their coexistence, manipulation and competition could ultimately establish new ways to engineer robust spin textures and drive the generation and dynamics of spin current and magnetization switching in 2D-materials-based van der Waals heterostructures. Grounding our analysis on existing experimental results and theoretical considerations, we draw a prospective analysis about how intertwined magnetism and spin–orbit torque phenomena combine at interfaces with well-defined symmetries and how this dictates the nature and figures of merit of spin–orbit torque and angular momentum transfer. This will serve as a guiding role in designing future non-volatile memory devices that utilize the unique properties of 2D materials with the spin degree of freedom

Magnetism, symmetry and spin transport in van der Waals layered systems

The discovery of an ever increasing family of atomic layered magnetic materials, together with the already established vast catalogue of strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and topological systems, calls for some guiding principles to tailor and optimize novel spin transport and optical properties at their interfaces. Here we focus on the latest developments in both fields that have brought them closer together and make them ripe for future fruitful synergy. After outlining fundamentals on van der Waals (vdW) magnetism and SOC effects, we discuss how their coexistence, manipulation and competition could ultimately establish new ways to engineer robust spin textures and drive the generation and dynamics of spin current and magnetization switching in 2D materials-based vdW heterostructures. Grounding our analysis on existing experimental results and theoretical considerations, we draw a prospective analysis about how intertwined magnetism and spin-orbit torque (SOT) phenomena combine at interfaces with well-defined symmetries, and how this dictates the nature and figures-of-merit of SOT and angular momentum transfer. This will serve as a guiding role in designing future non-volatile memory devices that utilize the unique properties of 2D materials with the spin degree of freedom.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, 1 table and 1 textbo

Lagrangian relaxation of the generic materials and operations planning model

The supply chain management requires increasingly proposals for the production programming planning that brings together its special singularities. Solving coexisting products and alternative processes or by-products must be allowed by the mathematical programming models. The generic materials and operations planning (GMOP) formulation allows operating with different materials and process lists. The paper presents a procedure to solve the versatile GMOP model by the Lagrange Relaxation. The subgradient update method of the lagrangian multiplier is compared with a linear update method. Obtaining lower bound faster compared to the linear method is allowed by the subgradient method, but the linear method provides better solutions after certain iterations

Techno-Functional Properties of New Andean Ingredients: Maca (Lepidium meyenii) and Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus)

[EN] The use of flours derived from Andean products could be an alternative flour. Molecules with a potential beneficial effect on human health have been reported in maca (Lepidium meyenii) (dietary fibre, Mg, Ca, K, functional polysaccharides, etc.) and amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus) (squalene, linoleic acid, P, Ca, K, Mg, dietary fibre, etc.). However, from an industrial point of view, these new ingredients must be characterized in their techno-functional properties. The objective of this work was to analyze the techno-functional parameters of the amaranth and maca flours (NW) and whole (W) flours, in terms of water holding capacity (WHC, g/g), oil holding capacity (OHC, g/g), swelling capacity (SC, mL/g), foaming capacity (FC, %) and emulsifying capacity (EC, mL). The particle size of flours was also analyzed. The results indicated that the highest values for WHC were obtained in maca flour (NW) with 2.45 g of retained water/g of sample. The highest values of OHC were observed for NW flours (around 1.02 g of absorbed oil/g of sample). Meanwhile, for the variables FC and EC, the highest values were obtained for amaranth (NW) with 16.67% and amaranth (W) with 139.44 mL, respectively. Therefore, the results obtained allow us to consider the incorporation of these types of flours to different food products, knowing their effect on WHC, OHC, EC, and pH, and therefore being able to modify the processes concerning the traditional ones. This is especially interesting in the case of the meat products elaboration process in which these parameters could be critical, with the addition of these type of flours.Alarcon-Garcia, MA.; Perez-Alvarez, JA.; López-Vargas, JH.; Pagán Moreno, MJ. (2021). Techno-Functional Properties of New Andean Ingredients: Maca (Lepidium meyenii) and Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus). Proceedings. 70(1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07744S1770

Meat Snacks Consumption: Aspects That the Consumer Looks for to Consider Them a Healthy Food

[EN] In recent years, the consumption of snacks has increased substantially. Analysis of consumption trends of this kind of food through the use of surveys would allow matching of the supply to the demand. The objective of the present work was to study snacks and meat snacks consumption, and to analyze which consumers¿ preferences of these products were considered as healthy. An online survey was conducted with 234 consumers where they were asked about which type of snacks they consumed, frequency of consumption, the main characteristics that they look for in these types of foods, and what they consider a healthy snack should have. The results showed that the most important motivations for acquisition and consumption of snacks were those related to convenience, while for meat snacks they were those related to acceptability, above convenience and sociability. The most consumed snacks were, in descending order: fruits, dairy, nuts/seeds, coffee, cookies, and meat snacks. More than 50% of the respondents consumed them from once a day to two to three times a week. As for meat snacks, the most consumed were dehydrated meats for most of those surveyed. For consumers, a healthy meat snack should be rich in protein and low in saltAlarcón-Garcia, MA.; Perez-Alvarez, JA.; López-Vargas, JH.; Pagán Moreno, MJ. (2021). Meat Snacks Consumption: Aspects That the Consumer Looks for to Consider Them a Healthy Food. Proceedings. 70(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07738S1670

Relaciones entre la situación familiar y el uso de drogas en adolescentes de la enseñanza secundaria

This study aimed to describe the family context characteristics of high school adolescents and their relation to psychoactive substance abuse. It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a population of 657 secondary-school students in the city of Leon, Nicaragua, which corresponded to 31% of the research context. Data was collected through an anonymous questionnaire. Results show that 56% of the adolescents were living with both parents and 32% only with the mother, 86% declared a good relationship with the mother, but 24% did not show confidence in the mother figure. Regarding psychoactive substance use within the family context, 52% of the adolescents' family presented previous use events and, in 42% of cases, the father was the user. Results offer important contributions to design public healthcare policies and to outline prevention strategies for use among adolescents.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir características del contexto familiar de adolescentes de la enseñanza secundaria y sus relaciones con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas. Se utilizo un diseño de estudio descriptivo transversal, de tipo encuesta, con una muestra de 657 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de León, en Nicaragua, correspondiendo a 31% del universo. La información fue recolectada a través de un cuestionario auto aplicado y anónimo. El 56% del total convive con ambos padres y el 32% sólo con la madre. Tienen buenas relaciones con la madre pero no confían en ella, con 86% y 24% respectivamente. En relación al uso de sustancias en el núcleo familiar, el 52% de las familias de donde proceden las/los adolescentes tienen antecedentes de uso, siendo el padre el que generalmente usa (42%). Los resultados aportan contribuciones relevantes para la elaboración de políticas públicas en salud y para el delineamiento de estrategias de prevención con adolescentes.Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever características do contexto familiar de adolescentes de ensino secundário e suas relações com o uso de substâncias psicoativas. Utilizou-se desenho de estudo descritivo transversal, do tipo survey, com amostra de 657 estudantes de ensino secundário da cidade de Leon, Nicarágua, correspondendo a 31% do universo investigado. As informações foram coletadas por meio de questionário autoadministrado e anônimo. Os resultados mostraram que 56% dos adolescentes conviviam com ambos os pais e 32% somente com a mãe; 86% tinham boas relações com a mãe, porém 24% não mostravam confiança na figura materna. Em relação ao uso de substâncias psicoativas no núcleo familiar, 52% das famílias de origem dos/das adolescentes apresentavam antecedentes, sendo o pai o que normalmente fazia uso (42%). Os resultados trazem contribuições relevantes para a elaboração de políticas públicas na área da saúde e o delineamento de estratégias de prevenção entre adolescentes

The role of heart rate on the associations between body composition and heart rate variability in children with overweight/obesity : the ActiveBrains project

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is negatively associated with body mass index and adiposity in several populations. However, less information is available about this association in children with overweight and obesity, especially severe/morbid obesity, taking into consideration the dependence of HRV on heart rate (HR). Objectives: (1) to examine associations between body composition measures and HRV, (2) to study differences in HRV between children with overweight and severe/morbid obesity; and (3) to test whether relationships and differences tested in objectives 1 and 2, respectively are explained by the dependency of HRV on HR. Methods: A total of 107 children with overweight/obesity (58% boys, 10.03 +/- 1.13 years) participated in this study. Body composition measures were evaluated by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). HRV parameters were measured with Polar RS800CXR (R). Results: Body composition measures were negatively associated with HRV indicators of parasympathetic activity (beta values ranging from -0.207 to -0.307, all p 0.05). Conclusion: All associations between adiposity/obesity and HRV could be explained by HR, suggesting a key confounding role of HR in HRV studies in children with weight disturbances

Configuración de Linux NethServer y su uso para la administración de servicios de IT en una organización

El presente artículo desarrolla la instalación, configuración y puesta en marcha de un servidor «NethServer» en su versión 7.9, emulando una red empresarial, donde se consideran las zonas roja, naranja y verde que son conocidas como la zona de internet, zona desmilitarizada y zona local respectivamente. Se instalarán y se pondrán en marcha módulos que provee NethServer para el uso de cortafuegos, DHCP, DNS, Proxys, Firewalls entre otros. El artículo se divide en las temáticas, en donde cada una abordará la configuración y puesta en marcha de cada servicio.This article develops the installation, configuration and start-up of a "NethServer" server in its version 7.9, emulating an enterprise network, where the red, orange and green zones are considered, which are known as the internet zone, demilitarized zone and local zone respectively. Modules provided by NethServer for the use of firewalls, DHCP, DNS, Proxies, Firewalls among others will be installed and implemented. The article is divided into topics, where each one will address the configuration and implementation of each service

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016