70 research outputs found
Information transfer through disordered media by diffuse waves
We consider the information content h of a scalar multiple-scattered, diffuse
wave field and the information capacity C of a communication
channel that employs diffuse waves to transfer the information through a
disordered medium. Both h and C are shown to be directly related to the
mesoscopic correlations between the values of at different
positions in space, arising due to the coherent nature of the wave.
For the particular case of a communication channel between two identical linear
arrays of equally-spaced transmitters/receivers (receiver spacing a),
we show that the average capacity and obtain explicit analytic
expressions for in the limit of and ,
where , is the wavelength, and is the mean
free path. Modification of the above results in the case of finite but large n
and is discussed as well.Comment: REVTeX 4, 12 pages, 7 figure
Charge order and low frequency spin dynamics in lanthanum cuprates revealed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
We report detailed 17O, 139La, and 63Cu Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) measurements in a stripe ordered
La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 single crystal and in oriented powder samples of
La1.8-xEu0.2SrxCuO4. We observe a partial wipeout of the 17O NMR intensity and
a simultaneous drop of the 17O electric field gradient (EFG) at low
temperatures where the spin stripe order sets in. In contrast, the 63Cu
intensity is completely wiped out at the same temperature. The drop of the 17O
quadrupole frequency is compatible with a charge stripe order. The 17O spin
lattice relaxation rate shows a peak similar to that of the 139La, which is of
magnetic origin. This peak is doping dependent and is maximal at x ~ 1/8.Comment: submitted to European Physical Journal Special Topic
Excitatory effect of ATP on rat area postrema neurons
ATP-induced inward currents and increases in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca]in) were investigated in neurons acutely dissociated from rat area postrema using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and fura-2 microfluorometry, respectively. The ATP-induced current (IATP) and [Ca]in increases were mimicked by 2-methylthio-ATP and ATP-ÎłS, and were inhibited by P2X receptor (P2XR) antagonists. The currentâvoltage relationship of the IATP exhibited a strong inward rectification, and the amplitude of the IATP was concentration-dependent. The IATP was markedly reduced in the absence of external Na+, and the addition of Ca2+ to Na+-free saline increased the IATP. ATP did not increase [Ca]in in the absence of external Ca2+, and Ca2+ channel antagonists partially inhibited the ATP-induced [Ca]in increase, indicating that ATP increases [Ca]in by Ca2+ influx through both P2XR channels and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. There was a negative interaction between P2XR- and nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR)-channels, which depended on the amplitude and direction of current flow through either channel. Current occlusion was observed at Vhs between â70 and â10 mV when the IATP and ACh-induced current (IACh) were inward, but no occlusion was observed when these currents were outward at a Vh of +40Â mV. The IATP was not inhibited by co-application of ACh when the IACh was markedly decreased either by removal of permeant cations, by setting Vh close to the equilibrium potential of IACh, or by the addition of d-tubocurarine or serotonin. These results suggest that the inhibitory interaction is attributable to inward current flow of cations through the activated P2XR- and nAChR-channels
ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a
Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV
Peer reviewe
Charged-particle nuclear modification factors in PbPb and pPb collisions at â=sNN=5.02 TeV
The spectra of charged particles produced within the pseudorapidity window
|η| < 1 at â
sNN = 5.02 TeV are measured using 404 ”b
â1 of PbPb and 27.4 pbâ1 of pp data
collected by the CMS detector at the LHC in 2015. The spectra are presented over the
transverse momentum ranges spanning 0.5 < pT < 400 GeV in pp and 0.7 < pT < 400 GeV
in PbPb collisions. The corresponding nuclear modification factor, RAA, is measured in
bins of collision centrality. The RAA in the 5% most central collisions shows a maximal
suppression by a factor of 7â8 in the pT region of 6â9 GeV. This dip is followed by an increase,
which continues up to the highest pT measured, and approaches unity in the vicinity
of pT = 200 GeV. The RAA is compared to theoretical predictions and earlier experimental
results at lower collision energies. The newly measured pp spectrum is combined with the
pPb spectrum previously published by the CMS collaboration to construct the pPb nuclear
modification factor, RpA, up to 120 GeV. For pT > 20 GeV, RpA exhibits weak momentum
dependence and shows a moderate enhancement above unity
Neutralizing and infection-enhancing antibody responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in long-term nonprogressors.
Serum antibodies from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) and non-LTNPs were evaluated for virus neutralization and infection enhancement in vitro. Sera from LTNPs had higher average titers of neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 strains IIIB and MN and more frequently neutralized primary isolates from progressors (14.9% vs. 1.3%, P = .002). Replication-competent HIV-1 was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph nodes of 3 LTNPs. All viruses from LTNPs had a non-syncytium-inducing phenotype, were resistant to neutralization by autologous serum obtained at the time of virus isolation, and showed little evidence of a heightened sensitivity to neutralization by heterologous sera. Complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement (C'-ADE) of HIV-1IIIB and primary isolates was equally prevalent for sera from LTNPs and non-LTNPs. Results indicate that LTNPs produce vigorous serum antibody responses and that long-term nonprogression is not associated with homologous neutralization or the absence of C'-ADE
Effect of topical beclomethasone on histamine-induced increases in nasal airflow resistance and secretion in perennial rhinitis
Evidence for expanded Middle and Late Pleistocene glacier extent in northwest Nelson, New Zealand
The extent of Late Quaternary glaciation in the northwest Nelson region of New Zealand has traditionally been regarded as minor, with small-scale valley glaciation in confined upland reaches. New geomorphological evidence, including moraines, kame terraces, till-mantled bedrock and outwash terraces, indicate that greatly expanded valley glaciers flowed into the lowland valley system at the mouths of the Cobb-Takaka and Anatoki drainages. The timing for this ice advance into lowland valleys is constrained by lowland landform characteristics and a single cosmogenic exposure age, suggesting Late and Middle Pleistocene ice expansion, respectively. Evidence for expanded upland ice on the Mount Arthur Tableland and adjacent areas includes trimlines, boulder trains and roche moutonees. Two cosmogenic exposure ages on upland bedrock surfaces suggest that major ice expansion occurred during MIS 3 and/or 4, while previously published exposure dating from Cobb Valley suggests large MIS 2 ice expansion as well. The inferred, markedly expanded ice left little or no clear geomorphic imprint on the Cobb-Takaka Gorge, and required temperature depression of 4-6 degrees C with near-modern precipitation levels
- âŠ