Relação entre o perímetro escrotal e parâmetros da qualidade do sêmen em machos da raça Guzerá, da puberdade até os 36 meses de idade

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the size of the scrotal circumference and physical characteristics of semen and sperm morphology, in 191 bulls of Guzerat breed. The bulls were divided by age in six groups from 12 to 36 months of age. Scrotal circumference and testicular measures were obtained by caliper and tape measure, according to the Brazilian College of Animal Reproduction' methodology. The animals with scrotal circumference 2 19cm, were subjected to semen collection using ejaculation by electro-stimulation. The evaluated semen characteristics were sperm motility and vigor, also assessments of sperm concentration and the presence of rounded cells. The correlation between scrotal circumference with sperm motility by age group, was positive (r = 0.94, P <0.005).The present study demonstrated that the presence of sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplet, round cells in the ejaculation and defective sperm—head are the characteristics of objective assessment, which could be used for precocity selection of male sperm production. It can be concluded that the normality of sperm production in Guzerat breed, considering also all representative sperm production maturity process´ parameters, and the scrotal circumference above 30 cm, was reached over the age of 28 months. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre o tamanho do perímetro escrotal e as características físicas e morfológicas dos ejaculados em 191 touros da raça guzerá. Os touros foram divididos por faixas etárias dos 12 aos 36 meses de idade. As mensurações de perímetro escrotal e medidas testiculares foram obtidas com ajuda de paquímetro e fita métrica de acordo à metodologia do Colégio Brasileiro de Reprodução Animal. Os animais que apresentaram perímetro escrotal ≥ 19 cm foram submetidos à coleta de sêmen utilizando-se estímulo eletro-ejaculatório. Foram avaliadas as características espermáticas dos ejaculados como motilidade, vigor e também realizadas avaliações de concentração espermática e a presença de células arredondadas. A correlação do perímetro escrotal com a motilidade espermática por faixa etária foi positiva r=0.94; (P<0, 005). Neste estudo foi observado que a presenças de espermatozoides com gota citoplasmática proximal, células arredondadas no ejaculado e defeitos de cabeça dos espermatozoides são as características de avaliação objetiva que mais poderiam ser utilizados para seleção de precocidade da produção espermática em machos bovinos. Pode ser concluído que a normalidade da produção espermática na raça Guzerá considerando conjuntamente todos os parâmetros representativos de maturidade do processo da produção espermática foi atingida com idade acima de 28 meses e perímetro escrotal acima de 30 cm

Estadio de madurez sexual en toros de la raza nelore

La presente investigación se planteó con el objetivo de determinar el estado de madurez sexual de toros jóvenes de la raza nelore y su relación con el perímetro escrotal y las características seminales. Se estudiaron 1985 animales con edades comprendidas entre los 19 y los 23 meses de edad, alimentados con pasturas tropicales (Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbes y Panicum maximun) y evaluados a través de examen andrológico. Se valoraron las características físicas del eyaculado, la morfología espermática y el perímetro escrotal (PE). Tras el examen andrológico, los animales se clasificaron como aptos para la reproducción (clase andrológica 1) aptos para la reproducción en régimen de monta natural (clase 2) no aptos para la reproducción temporalmente (clase 3) y descartados (clase 5). Para comparar las medias encontradas entre las clases andrológicas se utilizaron dos pruebas: la de Tukey, con probabilidad del 5 % de error, y la de correlaciones simples de Pearson, para verificar las relaciones entre las características estudiadas. Se encontró que el 84,5 % de los toros son sexualmente maduros. El 39,75 % de los animales aptos para la reproducción presentó un PE mayor a 34 cm, y solo el 71 % de la población estudiada exhibió una circunferencia escrotal inferior a 28 cm. Se registraron correlaciones altas favorables entre PE y las características físicas del semen. Se concluye que el PE es una excelente característica para evaluar y seleccionar toros jóvenes de la raza nelore

Dinámicas colectivas de base creativa en procesos universitarios de enseñanza-aprendizaje en artes

Esta memoria presenta el desarrollo y los resultados del proyecto de Innovación “Dinámicas colectivas de base creativa en procesos universitarios de enseñanza-aprendizaje en artes” concedido en la Convocatoria Docentia UCM 2021-22. En el marco del mismo se han generado una serie de dinámicas educativas en el contexto universitario de los estudios de arte y áreas afines durante el curso académico 2021-22. Se han creado e implementado una serie de prácticas docentes en las asignaturas impartidas por las y los participantes en el proyecto, a partir de los vínculos que se establecen entre los procesos artísticos y las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las enseñanzas universitarias de arte. La premisa del proyecto planteaba las potencialidades de ampliar los ámbitos de acción de la innovación docente en la Universidad, determinando el papel significativo de los modos de hacer de prácticas que se están desarrollando en los espacios de producción artística y cultural en las metodologías docentes en el EEES. Se trataba de apostar, así, por un acercamiento a la innovación múltiple, entendido como una relación de nodos entre estudiantes, docentes, educadoras/es, instituciones académicas e instituciones artísticas, entendiendo que dichos ejes quedaban vertebrados por los modos de hacer y las metodologías propias de cada ámbito de actuación que podían ponerse en diálogo para nutrirse mutuamente más allá de sus contextos de inserción determinados institucionalmente

5to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

El V Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2019, realizado del 6 al 8 de febrero de 2019 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ofreció a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional una plataforma de comunicación unificada, dirigida a cubrir los problemas teóricos y prácticos de mayor impacto en la sociedad moderna desde la ingeniería. En esta edición, dedicada a los 25 años de vida de la UPS, los ejes temáticos estuvieron relacionados con la aplicación de la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en cinco pilares fundamentales de nuestra sociedad: la industria, la movilidad, la sostenibilidad ambiental, la información y las telecomunicaciones. El comité científico estuvo conformado formado por 48 investigadores procedentes de diez países: España, Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, México, Venezuela, Colombia, Brasil, Estados Unidos y Ecuador. Fueron recibidas un centenar de contribuciones, de las cuales 39 fueron aprobadas en forma de ponencias y 15 en formato poster. Estas contribuciones fueron presentadas de forma oral ante toda la comunidad académica que se dio cita en el Congreso, quienes desde el aula magna, el auditorio y la sala de usos múltiples de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, cumplieron respetuosamente la responsabilidad de representar a toda la sociedad en la revisión, aceptación y validación del conocimiento nuevo que fue presentado en cada exposición por los investigadores. Paralelo a las sesiones técnicas, el Congreso contó con espacios de presentación de posters científicos y cinco workshops en temáticas de vanguardia que cautivaron la atención de nuestros docentes y estudiantes. También en el marco del evento se impartieron un total de ocho conferencias magistrales en temas tan actuales como la gestión del conocimiento en la universidad-ecosistema, los retos y oportunidades de la industria 4.0, los avances de la investigación básica y aplicada en mecatrónica para el estudio de robots de nueva generación, la optimización en ingeniería con técnicas multi-objetivo, el desarrollo de las redes avanzadas en Latinoamérica y los mundos, la contaminación del aire debido al tránsito vehicular, el radón y los riesgos que representa este gas radiactivo para la salud humana, entre otros

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y ACADÉMICA COLECCIÓN CIENTÍFICA EDUCACIÓN, EMPRESA Y SOCIEDAD

PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y ACADÉMICA COLECCIÓN CIENTÍFICA EDUCACIÓN, EMPRESA Y SOCIEDAD Primera Edición 2023 Vol. 21 Editorial EIDEC Sello Editorial EIDEC (978-958-53018) NIT 900583173-1 ISBN: 978-628-95884-1-5 Formato: Digital PDF (Portable Document Format) DOI: https://doi.org/10.34893/e1150-3660-8721-s Publicación: Colombia Fecha Publicación: 13/09/2023 Coordinación Editorial Escuela Internacional de Negocios y Desarrollo Empresarial de Colombia – EIDEC Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES Revisión y pares evaluadores Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEE

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe