21 research outputs found
The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe
From around 2750 to 2500 bc, Bell Beaker pottery became widespread across western and central Europe, before it disappeared between 2200 and 1800 bc. The forces that propelled its expansion are a matter of long-standing debate, and there is support for both cultural diffusion and migration having a role in this process. Here we present genome-wide data from 400 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans, including 226 individuals associated with Beaker-complex artefacts. We detected limited genetic affinity between Beaker-complex-associated individuals from Iberia and central Europe, and thus exclude migration as an important mechanism of spread between these two regions. However, migration had a key role in the further dissemination of the Beaker complex. We document this phenomenon most clearly in Britain, where the spread of the Beaker complex introduced high levels of steppe-related ancestry and was associated with the replacement of approximately 90% of Britainâs gene pool within a few hundred years, continuing the east-to-west expansion that had brought steppe-related ancestry into central and northern Europe over the previous centuries
Databestanden van de opgraving Oss - Schalkskamp
Grootschalig nederzettingsonderzoek ten Noorden van Os
Le dĂ©but de lâĂąge du Bronze aux Pays-Bas et lâhorizon Hilversum ancien
The Bronze Age in the Netherlands traditionally begins with the first bronzes, about 2000 BC. It is not clear what else changes occur in the material culture. One could suggest : very little. In fact, funeral traditions, architecture and agriculture probably do not change. Around 1800 BC finally, the situation changes more radically, with the appearance of the Hilversum Culture in the south of the Netherlands. In this paper, we would like to suggest to begin the Bronze Age around 1800 BC, in the south of the Netherlands with the Hilversum Culture, in the north and the east with the Elp civilisation. Building traditions change : the long house appears ; one can also see changes in the funeral practices â cremations replace inhumations â and in the depositional practices : more weapons are deposited, instead of almost exclusively axes before. We would also like to suggest that the beginning of the Bronze Age is characterised by early Hilversum pottery, with applied cordons, decoration on the inner part of the lip, corded impressions on the neck and sometimes horseshoe handles. This typically Hilversum pottery is often used for showing the extension of the Hilversum Culture. We demonstrate that these ornemental elements refer to a way of covering a vase (with a lid in leather, fastened with a cord) for example used in the fermentation of alcoholic beverages, and not to a characteristic of a specific culture. In this option, the early Hilversum pottery is still closely related to the Beaker pottery.LâĂąge du Bronze aux Pays-Bas commence traditionnellement avec lâarrivĂ©e des premiers bronzes, vers 2000 avant J.C. Ce qui change dans la culture matĂ©rielle reste cependant une question. On pourrait proposer la rĂ©ponse suivante : trĂšs peu. En fait, les traditions funĂ©raires, architecturales et agricoles, perdurent probablement. Ce nâest que vers 1800 avant J.C. que la situation change fondamentalement, avec le dĂ©but de la civilisation de Hilversum dans le sud des Pays-Bas. Dans cette Ă©tude, nous voulons proposer de faire dĂ©buter lâĂąge du Bronze vers 1800, dans le sud des Pays-Bas avec la civilisation de Hilversum, dans le nord et lâest avec la civilisation de Elp. Les traditions architecturales changent : câest la maison Ă©table qui apparaĂźt ; il en est de mĂȘme des traditions funĂ©raires â la crĂ©mation remplace lâinhumation â et des pratiques dĂ©positionnelles : on dĂ©pose plutĂŽt des armes, alors quâauparavant on ne trouvait que des haches. De plus, nous voulons montrer que le dĂ©but de lâĂąge du Bronze se caractĂ©rise par la cĂ©ramique de tradition Hilversum ancienne, avec les bandes appliquĂ©es, avec dĂ©cor sur la partie interne de la lĂšvre, impressions Ă la cordelette sur le col et parfois de anses en fer Ă cheval. Cette cĂ©ramique typiquement Hilversum est souvent utilisĂ©e pour marquer lâextension de la culture de Hilversum. Nous montrons quâil faut plutĂŽt voir dans ces motifs dĂ©coratifs la rĂ©fĂ©rence Ă une certaine façon de recouvrir la cĂ©ramique (avec un couvercle en cuir maintenu autour du col par un cordage), qui servait par exemple Ă laisser fermenter une boisson alcoolisĂ©e et non comme la caractĂ©ristique dâune culture spĂ©cifique. Dans cette optique, la cĂ©ramique de la phase prĂ©coce de Hilversum est encore proche de la cĂ©ramique campaniforme.Fokkens Harry. Le dĂ©but de lâĂąge du Bronze aux Pays-Bas et lâhorizon Hilversum ancien. In: LâĂge du Bronze du Nord de la France dans son contexte europĂ©en. Actes du 125e CongrĂšs national des sociĂ©tĂ©s historiques et scientifiques, « LâEurope », Lille, 2000. Paris : Editions du CTHS, 2005. pp. 11-33. (Actes du CongrĂšs national des sociĂ©tĂ©s savantes, 125
Databestanden van de opgraving Oss - Mikkeldonk
Opgraving van een uitbreidingswijk ten Noorden van de stad Oss (N-Brabant), wijk Mikkeldonk in de periode 1986-198
Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia 40 / Between foraging and farming : an extended broad spectrum of papers presented to Leendert Louwe Kooijmans
Mettegeupel (1993-1994), Amstein (1995) en Frankenbeemsterweg (1994)
Grootschalig nederzettingsonderzoek ten Noorden van Oss (N-Brabant