Influence of low doses of gamma irradiation on cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Poster

Phytosanitary irradiation for food commodities has been widely accepted in recent years. Gamma irradiation has been used as a phytosanitary treatment against microbial diseases, insect infestation and food spoilage. The goal of the current study was to determine the lowest possible dose of gamma irradiation that will induce longterm sterility of insects through generations. The effect of four gamma irradiation doses examined were; 20,40, 50 and 70 Gy. Irradiated males were crossed with normal females. For the cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus(F.), adult fecundity, hatchability, adult emergence, sterility% was investigated. 100% adult mortality was achieved by 70 Gy dose. Fecundity, hatchability, number of adults emerged, sterility% were significantly reduced when males exposed to 20, 40, and 50 Gy compared to the control. The effect of parental irradiated males exposed to 20 Gy on F2 generation was also studied. Fecundity, hatchability, number of adult emerged, sterility% were significantly reduced in F2 compared to F1 and control progeny. Interestingly, for F1 generation, the effect of gamma rays on adult emergence% exhibit a hermetic effect response although it was not significant. These results demonstrat that pulse irradiation relying on low-doses of gamma radiation induce inherited semi-sterility through generations and is a very promising phytosanitary food technology for postharvest treatments.Phytosanitary irradiation for food commodities has been widely accepted in recent years. Gamma irradiation has been used as a phytosanitary treatment against microbial diseases, insect infestation and food spoilage. The goal of the current study was to determine the lowest possible dose of gamma irradiation that will induce longterm sterility of insects through generations. The effect of four gamma irradiation doses examined were; 20,40, 50 and 70 Gy. Irradiated males were crossed with normal females. For the cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus(F.), adult fecundity, hatchability, adult emergence, sterility% was investigated. 100% adult mortality was achieved by 70 Gy dose. Fecundity, hatchability, number of adults emerged, sterility% were significantly reduced when males exposed to 20, 40, and 50 Gy compared to the control. The effect of parental irradiated males exposed to 20 Gy on F2 generation was also studied. Fecundity, hatchability, number of adult emerged, sterility% were significantly reduced in F2 compared to F1 and control progeny. Interestingly, for F1 generation, the effect of gamma rays on adult emergence% exhibit a hermetic effect response although it was not significant. These results demonstrat that pulse irradiation relying on low-doses of gamma radiation induce inherited semi-sterility through generations and is a very promising phytosanitary food technology for postharvest treatments

A logarithmically amortising temperature effect for supervised learning of wheat solar disinfestation of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) using plastic bags

This work investigates the effectiveness of solar heating using clear polyethylene bags against rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), which is one of the most destructive insect pests against many strategic grains such as wheat. In this paper, we aim at finding the key parameters that affect the control heating system against stored grain insects while ensuring that the wheat grain quality is maintained. We provide a new benchmark dataset, where the experimental and environmental data was collected based on fieldwork during the summer in Canada. We measure the effectiveness of the solution using a novel formula to describe the amortising temperature effect on rice weevil. We adopted different machine learning models to predict the effectiveness of our solution in reaching a lethal heating condition for insect pests, and hence measure the importance of the parameters. The performance of our machine learning models has been validated using a 10-fold cross-validation, showing a high accuracy of 99.5% with 99.01% recall, 100% precision and 99.5% F1-Score obtained by the Random Forest model. Our experimental study on machine learning with SHAP values as an eXplainable post-hoc model provides the best environmental conditions and parameters that have a significant effect on the disinfestation of rice weevils. Our findings suggest that there is an optimal medium-sized grain amount when using solar bags for thermal insect disinfestation under high ambient temperatures. Machine learning provides us with a versatile model for predicting the lethal temperatures that are most effective for eliminating stored grain insects inside clear plastic bags. Using this powerful technology, we can gain valuable information on the optimal conditions to eliminate these pests. Our model allows us to predict whether a certain combination of parameters will be effective in the treatment of insects using thermal control. We make our dataset publicly available under a Creative Commons Licence to encourage researchers to use it as a benchmark for their studies

Forty years of carabid beetle research in Europe - from taxonomy, biology, ecology and population studies to bioindication, habitat assessment and conservation

Volume: 100Start Page: 55End Page: 14

Dataset of thermal behaviour and weather data of thermal disinfestation of Sitophilus oryzae in plastic bags using solar heating.

These datasets are related to solar disinfestation of wheat using polyethylene bags and direct solar radiation to control Sitophilus oryzae. The data collected in Canada and Egypt. In Canada, Clear polyethylene bags of wheat were used for thermal control using solar radiation. There were four treatments of different wheat amount, 16, 21, and 25 inside clear bags in wood boxes and another 21 kg of wheat in plastic bag not in a wood box. The solar heating for all treatments were investigated in the field under two different conditions. First, the temperature profile inside the bags was recorded every morning, and the grains were mixed and stacked in foam boxes during the night over five days. Second, the temperature profile was recorded continuously during day and night over six days. Different weather condition, ambient temperature, solar radiation, wind direction, and wind speed were collected during both experiments using a weather station located on the filed. In Egypt, clear plastic bags and woven plastic bags with 16 kg of wheat were used for solar heating over 5 d. Generally, the temperature profile data inside the plastic polyethene bags under different storage conditions, grain amounts, bags materials and different weather conditions allow other researchers to develop different models to understand the thermal behavior for thermal disinfestation. Solar heating is a very promising disinfestation technique that was successfully used for museum pest control, postharvest pest control, and soil disinfestation.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

A logarithmically amortising temperature effect for supervised learning of wheat solar disinfestation of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) using plastic bags

This work investigates the effectiveness of solar heating using clear polyethylene bags against rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), which is one of the most destructive insect pests against many strategic grains such as wheat. In this paper, we aim at finding the key parameters that affect the control heating system against stored grain insects while ensuring that the wheat grain quality is maintained. We provide a new benchmark dataset, where the experimental and environmental data was collected based on fieldwork during the summer in Canada. We measure the effectiveness of the solution using a novel formula to describe the amortising temperature effect on rice weevil. We adopted different machine learning models to predict the effectiveness of our solution in reaching a lethal heating condition for insect pests, and hence measure the importance of the parameters. The performance of our machine learning models has been validated using a 10-fold cross-validation, showing a high accuracy of 99.5% with 99.01% recall, 100% precision and 99.5% F1-Score obtained by the Random Forest model. Our experimental study on machine learning with SHAP values as an eXplainable post-hoc model provides the best environmental conditions and parameters that have a significant effect on the disinfestation of rice weevils. Our findings suggest that there is an optimal medium-sized grain amount when using solar bags for thermal insect disinfestation under high ambient temperatures. Machine learning provides us with a versatile model for predicting the lethal temperatures that are most effective for eliminating stored grain insects inside clear plastic bags. Using this powerful technology, we can gain valuable information on the optimal conditions to eliminate these pests. Our model allows us to predict whether a certain combination of parameters will be effective in the treatment of insects using thermal control. We make our dataset publicly available under a Creative Commons Licence to encourage researchers to use it as a benchmark for their studies

Ultrastructure and histopathological alteration in the ovaries of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) induced by the solar radiation

The ultrastructure and histopathological changes in the ovarioles were tested in normal adult females and in those developed from solar energy treated pupae (53 °C for 15 min) of Callosobruchus maculatus. The telotrophic ovarioles of C. maculatus contain germarium region followed by vitellarium region which constitutes the vitellarium. The germarium houses trophocytes and the vitellarium consists of ovarian follicles. At the germarium region of the ovariole, the trophocyte or nurse cell nucleus contains uniformly spaced clumps of heterochromatin. The cytoplasm contains numerous free ribosomes and mitochondria. At the vitellarium region, follicular epithelial cells form a layer around the oocyte, each cell contains a large oval nucleus with abundant heterochromatin, and the cytoplasm contains mitochondria, free ribosomes and dark spherical globules. Also the vitellarium includes the previtellogenic oocyte which is the most anterior one and two last vitellogenic oocytes at the posterior end as the yolk was deposited. Oocyte microvilli are interdigitated with those of the follicle cells. The ooplasm consists primarily of electron-dense yolk bodies and lipid droplets. These phases could be identified in the ovarioles of normal females and to a less extent in those of females developed from the treated pupae. In the ovarian follicles of the treated generation, degeneration of the cell components of trophocytes, follicular epithelium and oocytes were the most obvious signs of damage. Also, lacking of yolk bodies and vacuolation in the border of the ooplasm were observed. The damage was more pronounced in the ovarioles of (F.) progeny of the treated generation