High-affinity transport, cyanide-resistant respiration, and ethanol production under aerobiosis underlying efficient high glycerol consumption by Wickerhamomyces anomalus

Wickerhamomyces anomalus strain LBCM1105 was originally isolated from the wort of cachaça (the Brazilian fermented sugarcane juice-derived Brazilian spirit) and has been shown to grow exceptionally well at high amounts of glycerol. This paramount residue from the biodiesel industry is a promising cheap carbon source for yeast biotechnology. The assessment of the physiological traits underlying the W. anomalus glycerol consumption ability in opposition to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. A new WaStl1 concentrative glycerol-H+ symporter with twice the affinity of S. cerevisiae was identified. As in this yeast, WaSTL1 is repressed by glucose and derepressed/induced by glycerol but much more highly expressed. Moreover, LBCM1105 aerobically growing on glycerol was found to produce ethanol, providing a redox escape to compensate the redox imbalance at the level of cyanide-resistant respiration (CRR) and glycerol 3P shuttle. This work is critical for understanding the utilization of glycerol by non-Saccharomyces yeasts being indispensable to consider their industrial application feeding on biodiesel residue.This work was supported by grants from Fundacao de Capacitacao de Pessoal de Nivel Superior from the Ministry of Education-CAPES/Brazil (PNPD 2755/2011; PCF-PVE 021/2012), from FEDER through POFC-COMPETE and by FCT through strategic funding (UID/BIA/04050/2013), from Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, and a research fellowship from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq (Brazil) Process 304815/2012 (research grant) and Process 305135/2015-5 (research fellowship to R.L.B.). C.L. is supported by the strategic program UID/BIA/04050/2013 [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569] funded by national funds through the FCT I. P. and by the ERDF through the COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e (POCI). The AUXPE-PVES 1801/2012 (Process 23038.015294/2016-18) from Brazilian Government supported a grant of Visiting Professor to C.L. and a research fellowships to A.C.C. and to F.F.O

Cuidados inovadores de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19: relato de uma experiência extensionista

Among the professional skills necessary in the training of nursing students, there is that associated with working in health services. In this context of training, participation in university extension programs increases learning possibilities and allows approximation of theoretical-practical experience, providing activities for the benefit of the community. The objective of this article is to report the extension experiences of the project “Innovative Nursing Care”, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional report, carried out based on the experience of professors and undergraduate nursing students. It was possible to observe that the experience of nursing students from different undergraduate periods enabled them to learn about clinical care for patients with chronic conditions, providing better quality training for both scholarship students and volunteers during the stoppage of classes generated by the pandemic.Dentre as competências profissionais necessárias na formação do acadêmico de enfermagem, está aquela associada à atuação nos serviços de saúde. Nesse contexto de formação, a participação em programas de extensão universitária aumenta as possibilidades de aprendizado e permite a aproximação da vivência teórico-prática, proporcionando atividades em benefício da comunidade. Objetiva-se com esse artigo relatar as experiências extensionistas do projeto “Cuidados Inovadores de Enfermagem”, durante a pandemia de COVID-19.  Trata-se de um relato descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal, realizado a partir da vivência de docentes e acadêmicos da graduação em Enfermagem. Foi possível observar que a experiência dos acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem de diferentes períodos da graduação possibilitou o aprendizado em cuidados clínicos ao paciente em condições crônicas, proporcionando uma formação de melhor qualidade tanto para o acadêmico bolsista quanto os voluntários durante a paralisação das aulas geradas pela pandemia

Cuidados inovadores de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19: relato de uma experiência extensionista

Among the professional skills necessary in the training of nursing students, there is that associated with working in health services. In this context of training, participation in university extension programs increases learning possibilities and allows approximation of theoretical-practical experience, providing activities for the benefit of the community. The objective of this article is to report the extension experiences of the project “Innovative Nursing Care”, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional report, carried out based on the experience of professors and undergraduate nursing students. It was possible to observe that the experience of nursing students from different undergraduate periods enabled them to learn about clinical care for patients with chronic conditions, providing better quality training for both scholarship students and volunteers during the stoppage of classes generated by the pandemic.Dentre as competências profissionais necessárias na formação do acadêmico de enfermagem, está aquela associada à atuação nos serviços de saúde. Nesse contexto de formação, a participação em programas de extensão universitária aumenta as possibilidades de aprendizado e permite a aproximação da vivência teórico-prática, proporcionando atividades em benefício da comunidade. Objetiva-se com esse artigo relatar as experiências extensionistas do projeto “Cuidados Inovadores de Enfermagem”, durante a pandemia de COVID-19.  Trata-se de um relato descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal, realizado a partir da vivência de docentes e acadêmicos da graduação em Enfermagem. Foi possível observar que a experiência dos acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem de diferentes períodos da graduação possibilitou o aprendizado em cuidados clínicos ao paciente em condições crônicas, proporcionando uma formação de melhor qualidade tanto para o acadêmico bolsista quanto os voluntários durante a paralisação das aulas geradas pela pandemia

O uso de corticoides no tratamento da sepse em crianças / The use of corticosteroids in the treatment of sepsis in children

O artigo em questão busca definir se existe nefício no iso de corticoides no tratamento da sepse na pediatria. Foi feita uma revisão da literatura e selecionados quatro artidos como base. O primeiro artigo afirma que os corticoides provavelmente reduzem ligeiramente a mortalidade em 28 dias, porém a longo prazo podem resultar em pouca ou nenhuma diferença, mas reduziram o tempo de internação hospitalar. O segundo artigo mostra um tempo de reversão do choque menor estatisticamente significante entre pacientes que receberam corticoiesteroides no início do tratamento, em comparação com os que receberam mais para o fim do tratamento, no entanto a mortalidade não foi diferente nos dois grupos. O artigo de número três, mostra que na literatura o benefício da mortalidade é controverso, sendo que a maior parte da literatura não mostra efeitos. O artigo 4 mostra uma redução do tempo de permanência na UTI quando foi utilizado um longo curso de corticoides. De modo geral foi visto que existe benefício no uso do corticoide no tratamento da sepse e do choque séptico em crianças, quando tem um longo curso de uso em baixa dosagem, o que pode reduzir a mortalidade e reduzir o tempo de internação hospitalar. Objetivo: Analisar a existência de benefício ao uso de corticoides no tratamento da sepse em crianças. Como objetivo secundário, discutirá a existência ou não de influência da corticoterapia na redução do tempo de recuperação e na mortalidade da criança com sepse. 

Terapêutica disponível para a Doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica e sua relação com a evolução do diabetes melito tipo 2: uma revisão de literatura / Available therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with the evolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a literature review

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é uma das principais causas de insuficiência hepática, hepatocarcinoma e transplante de fígado. Devido aos eventos que levam à sua evolução, torna-se essencial elucidar seus fatores de risco, a fim de instituir a prevenção de suas complicações. Um importante fator conhecido é o Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) e, portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir a correlação entre DHGNA e DM2 e seus tratamentos. RESULTADOS: A análise das informações demonstrou a diabetes como o principal fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da DHGNA e se estabeleceu como a melhor terapêutica disponível a perda de peso e o uso de tiazolidinedionas. DISCUSSÃO: A resistência insulínica e a DHGNA estão bidirecionalmente relacionadas. Dessa forma, a perda de peso e o uso de antidiabéticos são as principais formas encontradas para que haja um melhor prognóstico para o paciente. CONCLUSÃO: O diagnóstico precoce da DHGNA é imprescindível, objetivando estabelecer a melhor conduta clínica frente ao paciente. A detecção dos fatores de risco é indispensável para que se saiba indicar o tratamento ideal, entre os quais se destacam a perda de peso e o uso de antidiabéticos orais

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

High?affinity transport, cyanide?resistant respiration, and ethanol production under aerobiosis underlying efficient high glycerol consumption by Wickerhamomyces anomalus.

Wickerhamomyces anomalus strain LBCM1105 was originally isolated from the wort of cacha?a (the Brazilian fermented sugarcane juice-derived Brazilian spirit) and has been shown to grow exceptionally well at high amounts of glycerol. This paramount residue from the biodiesel industry is a promising cheap carbon source for yeast biotechnology. The assessment of the physiological traits underlying the W. anomalus glycerol consumption ability in opposition to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. A new WaStl1 concentrative glycerol-H+ symporter with twice the affinity of S. cerevisiae was identified. As in this yeast, WaSTL1 is repressed by glucose and derepressed/induced by glycerol but much more highly expressed. Moreover, LBCM1105 aerobically growing on glycerol was found to produce ethanol, providing a redox escape to compensate the redox imbalance at the level of cyanide-resistant respiration (CRR) and glycerol 3P shuttle. This work is critical for understanding the utilization of glycerol by non-Saccharomyces yeasts being indispensable to consider their industrial application feeding on biodiesel residue

Sobre o sentido do trabalho fora do enclave de mercado

Ao longo do processo civilizatório, o trabalho adquiriu significados diversos para a humanidade, assumindo formas peculiares de organização e materialidade de acordo com o contexto histórico. Na sociedade contemporânea, o trabalho tende a ocupar um lugar central na vida das pessoas. Com base no pressuposto de que os estudos sobre o trabalho fundamentam-se na atual concepção do trabalho moderno associado ao âmbito das empresas, propôs-se, na presente pesquisa, investigar qual(is) o(s) sentido(s) que indivíduos atuantes em organizações fora do enclave do mercado - mais especificamente em organizações de cultura popular - atribuem ao trabalho. Para responder ao problema posto, utilizou-se o método qualitativo, mais propriamente a história oral, mediante entrevista narrativa com a dirigente de uma organização de cultura popular afro-brasileira. Encontraram-se indícios de que há uma possibilidade de trabalho distinta do modelo empresarial e de que categorias como espiritualidade, resistência, cidadania podem explicar seu sentido. O trabalho, para a protagonista da história pesquisada, é uma atividade autodeterminada, externa à relação dinheiro-mercadoria, que gera realização pessoal e da comunidade onde mora/trabalha

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data