10 research outputs found
Vers une pédagogie de l'uniformisation des dispensations de traitements antiretroviraux
PARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF
Metabolic effects in mice of cream processing: Direct ultra-high-temperature process lowers high-fat-induced adipose tissue inflammation
International audienceAlthough UHT heat treatment is being optimized to improve the stability and functional properties of dairy products, its metabolic effects remain scarcely known. As such, we studied the effect of the type of UHT process on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, and inflammation in mice. Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed a diet composed of nonlipidic powder mixed with different UHT dairy creams (final: 13% milkfat) for 1 or 4 wk. All creams contained 0.02% of thickener (carrageenan) and were treated via either (1) classical indirect heating process (Th), (2) indirect process at higher temperature (Th+), or (3) direct process by steam injection (ThD). Plasma, epididymal adipose tissue (EAT), and intestine were analyzed. Multivariate principal component analyses were used to identify differential effects of processes. Th+ differed by a globally higher liver damage score compared with that of the other creams. After 4 wk, the duodenal expression of lipid absorption genes fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fatp4) and microsomal triglycerides transfer protein (Mttp) was lower in the Th+ versus Th group. Expression in the colon of tight junction protein zonula occludens 1 (Zo-1) and of some endoplasmic reticulum stress markers was lower in both Th+ and ThD versus the Th group. In EAT, ThD had lower gene expression of several inflammatory markers after 4 wk. Some differential effects may be related to heat-induced physicochemical changes of creams. The type of cream UHT process differentially affected metabolic parameters in mice after a 4-wk fat-rich diet, partly due to cream structure. Altogether, direct steam injection process induced the lowest early markers of high-fat-induced metabolic inflammation in EAT
Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress
International audienceAdditives stabilize or improve the organoleptic or functional properties (or both) of many dairy products including whipping cream. Their influence on the metabolic effect of dairy cream is scarcely known. We tested the hypothesis that added emulsifier (lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; MAG/DAG), thickener (carrageenan, CGN), or both, could modify the metabolic effect, notably in the intestine and liver. Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed UHT cream (indirect treatment) mixed with nonlipidic powder (final: 13% milkfat) for 1 or 4 wk. We compared creams (1) without additive (Ctl), (2) with thickener (Th), 0.02% of Îş-CGN, and (3) with both thickener and emulsifier, 0.1% of MAG/DAG esters (Th/Em). We analyzed plasma parameters, intestine, and liver. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia, triglyceridemia, nonesterified fatty acids, body weight gain, and liver weight did not differ among groups. After 1 wk, Th/Em had higher expression in the duodenum of some of the genes involved in (1) intestinal lipid absorption and (2) tight junction proteins versus Ctl and Th. After 4 wk, mucus cell number in the small intestine was higher in Th/Em versus Ctl and Th. Genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the duodenum were more expressed in Th/Em after 1 wk. After 4 wk, in the colon, a higher expression of ER stress genes was observed for Th versus Th/Em and Ctl. Liver damage score was not altered by additives. Adding both CGN (0.02%) and MAG/DAG esters (0.1%) in dairy cream did not result in deleterious outcomes in mice after 4 wk regarding lipid metabolism, intestinal permeability, and liver disorders. The longer term effect of intestinal ER stress modulation deserves further investigation
Dietary emulsifiers from milk and soybean differently impact adiposity and inflammation in association with modulation of colonic goblet cells in high-fat fed mice
International audienc
Bulletin Bibliographique
Ce bulletin bibliographique s’ouvre sur un bien triste In memoriam consacré à notre collègue Régine Azria (1948-2016) qui nous a quittés cet automne. Régine savait combien la science avance aussi par les lectures critiques. Notre « Atelier des sciences sociales », nouvelle rubrique sur l’histoire des savoirs, se poursuit ainsi avec deux dossiers autour des œuvres de Serge Bonnet et d’Émile Poulat, autres chercheurs récemment disparus. Occasion de faire retour sur des controverses d’hier sur la « religion populaire » ou sur l’ « intransigeantisme catholique ». Les six notes critiques qui suivent parcourent le monde, de la Russie bolchevique à l’Inde des adeptes de Krishna, et reviennent sur la force des traditions nationales dans les constitutions disciplinaires, sur les liens entre religion et politique et sur le développement des travaux sur la liturgie. Enfin, plus de quatre-vingt comptes rendus font écho à la recherche actuelle en train de se faire dans la diversité de ses objets et de ses perspectives
Bulletin Bibliographique
Ce bulletin bibliographique s’ouvre sur un bien triste In memoriam consacré à notre collègue Régine Azria (1948-2016) qui nous a quittés cet automne. Régine savait combien la science avance aussi par les lectures critiques. Notre « Atelier des sciences sociales », nouvelle rubrique sur l’histoire des savoirs, se poursuit ainsi avec deux dossiers autour des œuvres de Serge Bonnet et d’Émile Poulat, autres chercheurs récemment disparus. Occasion de faire retour sur des controverses d’hier sur la « religion populaire » ou sur l’ « intransigeantisme catholique ». Les six notes critiques qui suivent parcourent le monde, de la Russie bolchevique à l’Inde des adeptes de Krishna, et reviennent sur la force des traditions nationales dans les constitutions disciplinaires, sur les liens entre religion et politique et sur le développement des travaux sur la liturgie. Enfin, plus de quatre-vingt comptes rendus font écho à la recherche actuelle en train de se faire dans la diversité de ses objets et de ses perspectives
Bulletin bibliographique
Cette livraison s’ouvre sur trois in memoriam : le premier sur David Martin (1929-2019), sociologue britannique, spĂ©cialiste international des questions de sĂ©cularisation ; le second sur Françoise Lautman (1935-2019), sociologue, ethnologue et thĂ©ologienne, qui fit partie de notre comitĂ© de rĂ©daction ; le troisième sur Benjamin Fabre (1928-2019), professeur de philosophie, fidèle rĂ©dacteur de comptes rendus dans notre revue. « L’atelier des sciences sociales du religieux » engage ensuite une discussion Ă quatre voix sur la gĂ©nĂ©alogie savante du mot rite dont l’objet fut longtemps Ă©cartelĂ©, sinon marginalisĂ©, entre les rĂ©flexions des thĂ©ologiens sur le sens et la forme liturgiques et celles des Ă©rudits et des ethnographes sur l’origine et la mĂ©canique des traditions. L’atelier se clĂ´t par un retour sur le concept d’« angoisse eschatologique » dans l’œuvre de Max Weber. Les « notes critiques » qui suivent prolongent cette attention aux auteurs classiques avec un retour sur la notion de « communautĂ© » chez le mĂŞme Weber et une relecture de la Division du travail social de Durkheim Ă l’occasion d’une nouvelle Ă©dition critique. Les autres notes portent sur la postĂ©ritĂ© littĂ©raire de ThĂ©rèse de Lisieux, sur les filiations spirituelles de Monseigneur Maxime Charles, fondateur du Centre Richelieu en milieu Ă©tudiant parisien d’après-guerre, sur la possession et la sorcellerie au xviie siècle, sur les abus sexuels au sein de l’Église catholique, enfin sur les soubassements chrĂ©tiens de la genèse des États occidentaux. Une « lecture croisĂ©e » offre un Ă©change de perspectives autour du dernier ouvrage de Jacques Le Brun sur la poĂ©sie, la mystique et la mĂ©taphysique d’Angelus Silesius, figure du luthĂ©ranisme allemand au xviie siècle converti au catholicisme. Plus de cent comptes rendus occupent enfin la moitiĂ© du volume, tĂ©moignant de la vitalitĂ© d’un champ de recherches oĂą cohabitent et souvent dialoguent de multiples traditions savantes. This issue begins with three in memoriam: David Martin (1929-2019), British sociologist, international specialist in secularization issues; Françoise Lautman (1935-2019), sociologist, ethnologist and theologian, who was a member of our editorial board; Benjamin Fabre (1928-2019), professor of philosophy, a regular prolific contributor in our journal. The "Religious Social Sciences Workshop" then engages in a four-part discussion on the scientific genealogy of the word rite, the object of which was long torn apart, if not marginalized, between the theologians' reflections on the liturgical meaning and form and those of scholars and ethnographers on the origin and mechanics of traditions. The "workshop" ends with a return to the concept of "eschatological anxiety" in Max Weber's work. The following "critical notes" extend this attention to classical authors with a return to the notion of "community" in the same Weber and a review of The Division of Labour in Society by Durkheim on the occasion of a new critical edition. The other notes deal with the literary posterity of ThĂ©rèse de Lisieux, the spiritual filiations of Monseigneur Maxime Charles, founder of the Centre Richelieu in a post-war Parisian student environment, possession and witchcraft in the 17th century, sexual abuse within the Catholic Church, and finally the Christian foundations of the genesis of Western States. A "cross-reading" offers an exchange of perspectives on Jacques Le Brun's latest work on the poetry, mysticism and metaphysics of Angelus Silesius, a 17th century figure of German Lutheranism who converted to Catholicism. More than one hundred reviews finally occupy half of the volume, testifying the vitality of a field of research where multiple scientific traditions coexist and often interact. Este nĂşmero empieza con tres in memoriam: David Martin (1929-2019), sociĂłlogo británico, especialista internacional en temas de secularizaciĂłn; Françoise Lautman (1935-2019), sociĂłloga, etnĂłloga y teĂłloga, miembro de nuestro consejo editorial; Benjamin Fabre (1928-2019), profesor de filosofĂa, colaborador habitual de nuestra revista. El "Taller de Ciencias Sociales Religiosas" inicia entonces una discusiĂłn en cuatro partes sobre la genealogĂa cientĂfica de la palabra rito, cuyo objeto fue largamente desgarrado, si no marginado, entre las reflexiones de los teĂłlogos sobre el significado y la forma litĂşrgica y las de los estudiosos y etnĂłgrafos sobre el origen y la mecánica de las tradiciones. El "taller" termina con una vuelta al concepto de "ansiedad escatolĂłgica" en la obra de Max Weber. Las siguientes "notas crĂticas" amplĂan esta atenciĂłn a los autores clásicos con una vuelta a la nociĂłn de "comunidad" en la misma Weber y una reseña de La divisiĂłn del trabajo social de Durkheim con motivo de una nueva ediciĂłn crĂtica. Las otras notas tratan de la posteridad literaria de ThĂ©rèse de Lisieux, las filiaciones espirituales de Monseñor Maxime Charles, fundador del Centro Richelieu en un ambiente estudiantil parisino de posguerra, la posesiĂłn y la brujerĂa en el siglo xvii, los abusos sexuales en el seno de la Iglesia CatĂłlica y, por Ăşltimo, los fundamentos cristianos de la gĂ©nesis de los Estados occidentales. Una "lectura cruzada" ofrece un intercambio de perspectivas sobre el Ăşltimo trabajo de Jacques Le Brun sobre la poesĂa, el misticismo y la metafĂsica de Angelus Silesius, una figura del luteranismo alemán del siglo xvii que se convirtiĂł al catolicismo. Más de un centenar de reseñas ocupan finalmente la mitad del volumen, lo que demuestra la vitalidad de un campo de investigaciĂłn en el que coexisten y a menudo interactĂşan mĂşltiples tradiciones cientĂficas. Questo numero si apre con tre in memoriam: il primo su David Martin (1929-2019), sociologo britannico, specialista mondialmente riconosciuto della secolarizzazione; il secondo su Françoise Lautman (1935-2019), sociologa, etnologa e teologa, che è stata membro del nostro comitato editoriale; il terzo su Benjamin Fabre (1928-2019), professore di filosofia, fedele recensore della nostra rivista. Il "Laboratorio delle scienze sociali della religione" presenta una discussione in quattro parti sulla genealogia dotta della parola rito, il cui oggetto è stato a lungo diviso, se non disqualificato, tra le riflessioni dei teologi sul significato e la forma liturgica e quelle di studiosi ed etnografi sull'origine e il meccanismo delle tradizioni. Il "laboratorio" si conclude con un ritorno al concetto di "ansia escatologica" nel lavoro di Max Weber. Le "note critiche" che seguono estendono questa attenzione agli autori classici con un ritorno alla nozione di "comunitĂ " nello stesso Weber e una rilettura della Divisione del lavoro sociale di Durkheim a partire da una nuova edizione critica. Le altre note riguardano la posteritĂ letteraria di ThĂ©rèse de Lisieux, le filiazioni spirituali di Monsignor Maxime Charles, fondatore del Centre Richelieu nell'ambiente studentesco parigino del dopoguerra, la possessione e la stregoneria nel xvii secolo, gli abusi sessuali nella Chiesa cattolica e, infine, i fondamenti cristiani della genesi degli Stati occidentali. Una "lettura incrociata" offre uno scambio di prospettive sull'ultimo libro di Jacques Le Brun sulla poesia, la mistica e la metafisica di Angelus Silesius, figura del luteranesimo tedesco del xvii secolo che si convertì al cattolicesimo. PiĂą di cento recensioni occupano la metĂ del volume, a testimonianza della vitalitĂ di un campo di ricerca in cui convivono e spesso interagiscono molteplici tradizioni