In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Two Medicinal Plants against Bovine Udder Isolated Bacterial Pathogens from Dairy Herds

Bovine mastitis continues to be the most costly disease to the dairy farmers. In Tamil Nadu dominates as one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cattle among the dairy farms. Mastitis treatment with antibiotics leads to the development of antibiotic resistant strains and consumer health problem. The present study is an in vitro antibacterial activity of two medicinal plants against bovine udder isolated bacterial pathogens. Aqueous and methanol extracts of two plants were investigated by agar disc and well-diffusion method. Methanol extracts of Tridax procumbens and Spathodea campanulata showed significant activity against coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus (8.0 ± 0.70) and Streptococcus agalactiae (7.6 ± 0.54) respectively. Phytochemical screening of the plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, saponin, steroids, terpenoids and falvonoids

Antidiabetic activity of water extract of Solanum trilobatum (Linn.) in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats

The antidiabetic potential of the water extract of Solanum trilobatum L. (Solanaceae), a medicinal plant widely used in the traditional Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus was evaluated in the alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic model. Graded doses of the water extract were administered to normal and experimental diabetic rats for 10 days. Significant (p < 0.05) reduction in fasting blood glucose levels were observed in the normal as well as in the treated diabeticanimals. Serum insulin levels were not stimulated in the animals treated with the extract. In addition, changes in body weight, serum lipid profiles and liver glycogen levels assessed in the extract treated diabetic rats were compared with diabetic control and normal animals. Significant results wereobserved in the estimated parameters, thereby justifying the use of the plant in the indigenous system of medicine

Enhancement of Structural, Optical and Bumpy Surface Effect of Cu2O Thin Films Through Sn Doping by Modified SILAR Technique

Undoped and Sn doped Cu2-xSnxO (x = 0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0) thin films have been deposited into glass substrates by hire a fee powerful method of M-SILAR (Modified-Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction). The Sn doping level in the starting solution become numerous from 0 to 20.0 mol.% in steps of 5.0 mol.%. The deposited films were characterized for their structural, optical, morphological and topography properties with respective instrumentation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) evaluation found out the orientation of crystalline increase of Cu2-xSnxO films, and all the films showcase single crystalline. The preferential orientation was retained in favor of (111) plane even at the highest doping level. The presence of copper in the films turned into showed by way of energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Average optical transmittance (UV-vis-NIR and Photoluminescence (PL)) are varied with effect of doping concentration. The stretching vibrations of Cu-O, Sn-O and O-Cu-O have been showed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphological observe has been achieved by using a Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) has display as decrease the particle length with increase of doping concentration. From High resolution transition electron microscopy (HR-TEM) the crystalline growth of each line are excellent within the Sn doping of 10.0 mol.%. The atomic force microscopy method changed into employed to investigate the roughness of the films and the bumpy surface revealed at 10.0 mol.% of Sn doping level

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Two Medicinal Plants against Bovine Mastitis Bacterial Pathogens

Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv is extensively used in Indian traditional and folklore medicines to cure various human ailments. Tridax procumbens Linn is a tropically distributed medicinal plant. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of two plants were investigated by agar disc and well-diffusion method against bovine mastitis bacterial pathogens. The plant extracts showed inhibitory activity against the tested organisms. Phytochemical screening of the plant revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids. The study scientifically validates the use of plant in traditional and ethnoveterinary medicine

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Fingerprints for Structural Defects in Poly(thienylene vinylene) (PTV): A Joint Theoretical–Experimental NMR Study on Model Molecules

In the field of plastic electronics, low band gap conjugated polymers like poly(thienylene vinylene) (PTV) and its derivatives are a promising class of materials that can be obtained with high molecular weight via the so-called dithiocarbamate precursor route. We have performed a joint experimental- theoretical study of the full NMR chemical shift assignment in a series of thiophene-based model compounds, which aims at (i) benchmarking the quantum-chemical calculations against experiments, (ii) identifying the signature of possible structural defects that can appear during the polymerization of PTV's, namely head-to-head and tail-to-tail defects, and (iii) defining a criterion regarding regioregularity

LB films of non-amphiphilic diacetylene-1,4(bis-(3-quinolyl)-buta-1,3-diyne (DQ)

In the present work, Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) processing of a non-amphiphilic monomer, 1,4-bis(3-quinolyl)-buta-1,3-diyne (DQ) and the attempts to obtain PDQ LB films from DQ LB films are presented. LB processing has been carried out with pure DQ and of DQ mixed with arachidic acid and 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid. Characteristics of pure and mixed monolayers were studied by π–A isotherm and the transferred LB films were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-irradiation studies. Results show that, in contrast to its bulk reactivity, DQ does not undergo DQ→PDQ conversion in the LB film structure. Preparation of PDQ LB films from PDQ monolayer has also been discussed.© Elsevie

Structure and polymerisation behaviour of cadmium 10,12-pentacosadiynoate Langmuir-Blodgett films

Two different types of Y-films (a Y-film from Z-type deposition and a Y-film from Y-type deposition) have been observed during the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film deposition of metal diynoates, but their structural characterisation has not received much attention. In the present work, a study of LB film deposition of cadmium 10,12-pentacosadiynoate, for evaluating the effects of monolayer aging and concentration of spreading solution, has been carried out and three different types of Y-films of cadmium 10,12-pentacosadiynoate have been obtained. Structural characterisation and study of the topochemical polymerisation of different types of films show remarkably large differences in their bilayer spacing and diacetylene polymerisation behaviour. This study shows that Y-films obtained by overturning in the Z-type buildup process are structurally quite different from the Y-films obtained from the Y-type build-up process

Deposition of thin multilayers of Titanium arachidate and 10,12-pentacosadiynoate using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique

Multilayered thin films of titanium arachidate and 10,12-pentacosadiynoate were deposited by employing the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. Stable monolayers of titanium arachidate were formed on an aqueous subphase and were transferred onto a substrate by a vertical dipping process as Y-type multilayers at 23 degrees C. Lowering of the subphase temperature to 10 degrees C led to Z-type deposition. In the case of diynoate, only Z-type deposition was observed at subphase temperatures of 10 degrees C as well as 23 degrees C. The multilayer films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analysis and UV-visible and Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that the multilayers of both arachidate and diynoate do not contain any defined layer spacing. FTIR results indicate that the film deposited at higher pH of 6.1 consists of a mixture of the acid and the arachidate salt. UV irradiation of diynoate LB films resulted in polymerization, indicating the presence of crystalline domains in these LB films